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Antioxidant Effects of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Supplementation in Hyperlipidemic Rats
Open accessAbstract
Increased consumption of fresh vegetables that are high in polyphenols has been associated with a reduced risk of oxidative stress-induced disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of spinach in vitro and in vivo in hyperlipidemic rats. For measurement of in vitro antioxidant activity, spinach was subjected to hot water extraction (WE) or ethanol extraction (EE) and examined for total polyphenol content (TPC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), cellular antioxidant activity (CAA), and antigenotoxic activity. The in vivo antioxidant activity of spinach was assessed using blood and liver lipid profiles and antioxidant status in rats fed a high fat-cholesterol diet (HFCD) for 6 weeks. The TPC of WE and EE were shown as 1.5±0.0 and 0.5±0.0 mg GAE/g, respectively. Increasing the concentration of the extracts resulted in increased ORAC value, CAA, and antigenotoxic activity for all extracts tested. HFCD-fed rats displayed hyperlipidemia and increased oxidative stress, as indicated by a significant rise in blood and liver lipid profiles, an increase in plasma conjugated diene concentration, an increase in liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, and a significant decrease in manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity compared with rats fed normal diet. However, administration of 5% spinach showed a beneficial effect in HFCD rats, as indicated by decreased liver TBARS level and DNA damage in leukocyte and increased plasma conjugated dienes and Mn-SOD activity. Thus, the antioxidant activity of spinach may be an effective way to ameliorate high fat and cholesterol diet-induced oxidative stress.
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“These results show that spinach is associated with numerous health advantages, such as antioxidant characteristics, lipid-lowering effects, appetite regulation, tissue regeneration, and protection against oxidative stress-induced damage [156,162,164,165,166,167,168,169,170].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [169]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ko, S.-H., Park, J.-H., Kim, S.-Y., Lee, S. W., Chun, S.-S., & Park, E.
- Affiliations
- Sunchon National University (KR)
- Kyungnam University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Park, Eunju
- Venue
- Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
- Published
- 2014-03-31
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-26
- ISSN
- 1226-332X (ISSN-L)
- 2287-1098
- PMC
- PMC3999804
- OpenAlex
- W1996240666
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 3.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Preventive Nutrition and Food Science (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Natural Products and Biological Research
- Keywords
- spinach, hyperlipidemia, antioxidant activity, oxidative stress, high-fat high-cholesterol diet, polyphenols, total polyphenols, ORAC, cellular antioxidant activity, antigenotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, TBARS, superoxide dismutase, DNA damage, dietary supplementation
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