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Disclosure of sensitive behaviors across self-administered survey modes: a meta-analysis
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In surveys, individuals tend to misreport behaviors that are in contrast to prevalent social norms or regulations. Several design features of the survey procedure have been suggested to counteract this problem; particularly, computerized surveys are supposed to elicit more truthful responding. This assumption was tested in a meta-analysis of survey experiments reporting 460 effect sizes (total N =125,672). Self-reported prevalence rates of several sensitive behaviors for which motivated misreporting has been frequently observed were compared across self-administered paper-and-pencil versus computerized surveys. The results revealed that computerized surveys led to significantly more reporting of socially undesirable behaviors than comparable surveys administered on paper. This effect was strongest for highly sensitive behaviors and surveys administered individually to respondents. Moderator analyses did not identify interviewer effects or benefits of audio-enhanced computer surveys. The meta-analysis highlighted the advantages of computerized survey modes for the assessment of sensitive topics.
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“Individuals may also be more willing to disclose sensitive information, such as accounts of drug use or self-harm, when they can do so remotely without face-to-face contact with the researcher (22).”
From Don't Miss the Moment: A Systematic Review of Ecological Momentary Assessment in Suicide Research (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
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“In an anonymous online setting, prominent treatment barriers related to personal contact interfere less with participation, e.g. housebound BDD sufferers are not required to leave the house and reporting sensitive symptoms associated with shame is facilitated [24].”
From Treatment utilization and treatment barriers in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [24]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gnambs, T., & Kaspar, K.
- Affiliations
- Osnabrück University (DE)
- University of Cologne (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Gnambs, Timo
- Venue
- Behavior Research Methods
- Published
- 2014-11-20
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1237-1259
- ISSN
- 1554-351X (ISSN-L)
- 1554-3528
- OpenAlex
- W1969579869
- Cited by
- 422
- References
- 159
- Citations by year
- 2026: 47 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 4.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Behavior Research Methods (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-01411, R01DA001411)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Science Applications › Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing
- Keywords
- sensitive behavior, paper-and-pencil surveys, survey mode effects, self-reported prevalence
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Computers, Humans, Motivation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Behavior, Reproducibility of Results, Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic, Disclosure
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