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Cited by 77Stellar, planetary, and galactic studiesAstronomy and Astrophysical ResearchGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena

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LIVING WITH A RED DWARF: ROTATION AND X-RAY AND ULTRAVIOLET PROPERTIES OF THE HALO POPULATION KAPTEYN’S STAR*

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Guinan, Edward F., Engle, Scott G., Durbin, Allyn·2016·The Astrophysical Journal
DOI 10.3847/0004-637x/821/2/81
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Abstract

As part of Villanova’s Living with a Red Dwarf program, we have obtained UV, X-ray, and optical data of the Population II red dwarf—Kapteyn’s Star. Kapteyn’s Star is noteworthy for its large proper motions and high radial velocity of ∼+245 km s−1. As the nearest Pop II red dwarf, it serves as an old age anchor for calibrating activity/irradiance–rotation–age relations, and an important test bed for stellar dynamos and the resulting X-ray–UV emissions of slowly rotating, near-fully convective red dwarf stars. Adding to the notoriety, Kapteyn’s Star has recently been reported to host two super-Earth candidates, one of which (Kapteyn b) is orbiting within the habitable zone. However, Robertson et al. questioned the planet’s existence since its orbital period may be an artifact of activity, related to the star’s rotation period. Because of its large Doppler-shift, measures of the important, chromospheric H i Ly α 1215.67 Å emission line can be reliably made, because it is mostly displaced from ISM and geo-coronal sources. Ly α emission dominates the FUV region of cool stars. Our measures can help determine the X-ray–UV effects on planets hosted by Kapteyn’s Star, and planets hosted by other old red dwarfs. Stellar X-ray and Ly α emissions have strong influences on the heating and ionization of upper planetary atmospheres and can (with stellar winds and flares) erode or even eliminate planetary atmospheres. Using our program stars, we have reconstructed the past exposures of Kapteyn’s Star's planets to coronal—chromospheric XUV emissions over time.

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  • For young M-stars (ages <500 Myr), the X-ray and fLyα CLI-HZ irradiances are both very high and comparable in strength.

    “For young M-stars (ages < 500 Myr) the X-ray and f Ly α CLI-HZ irradiances are both very high and comparable in strength.”

    From ABOUT EXOBIOLOGY: THE CASE FOR DWARF K STARS (2016) · cites this paper as Guinan et al. (2016)

  • These stellar Lyα integrated fluxes have been reconstructed from HST-STIS and COS spectra for a sample (~50) of main-sequence F5-M5 stars.

    “These stellar Lyα integrated fluxes have been reconstructed from HST-STIS and COS spectra for a sample ( ∼ 50) of main-sequence F5 - M5 stars (Linsky et al. 2013; Guinan et al. 2016).”

    From ABOUT EXOBIOLOGY: THE CASE FOR DWARF K STARS (2016) · cites this paper as Guinan et al. 2016

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

  • ABOUT EXOBIOLOGY: THE CASE FOR DWARF K STARS

    Cuntz, M., & Guinan, E. F. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/827/1/79 · Cited by 77

    “Our analysis also takes into account different LX – age relations, which for G and M dwarfs have been obtained by Güdel (2007) and Guinan et al. (2016), respectively.”
    BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citation

Metadata

Authors
Guinan, E. F., Engle, S. G., & Durbin, A.
Affiliations
Villanova University (US)
Corresponding author
Engle, Scott G.
ORCID
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Published
2016-04-13
Volume
821
Issue
2
Pages
81
ISSN
  • 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-4357
DOI
10.3847/0004-637x/821/2/81
OpenAlex
W2268645779
Cited by
77
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6
FWCI
5.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (1009903, NAS 5-26555)
  • Smithsonian Institution
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NAS 526555, 526555)
  • Villanova University
  • Space Telescope Science Institute (NAS5- 26555, 5-26555, 26555)
  • Goddard Space Flight Center (NAS5-26555)
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  • Astrophysics Science Division (NAS 5-26555)
  • Astrophysics Division
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Keywords
stellar rotation, X-ray emission, ultraviolet emission, Lyman-alpha emission, chromospheric activity, stellar dynamo, fully convective stars, super-Earths, habitable zone, stellar ages

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