The DOI matches its Crossref record; 99 of the 99 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The discovery of placenta growth factor and its biological activity
Open accessAbstract
Angiogenesis is a complex biological phenomenon crucial for a correct embryonic development and for post-natal growth. In adult life, it is a tightly regulated process confined to the uterus and ovary during the different phases of the menstrual cycle and to the heart and skeletal muscles after prolonged and sustained physical exercise. Conversly, angiogenesis is one of the major pathological changes associated with several complex diseases like cancer, atherosclerosis, arthritis, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. Among the several molecular players involved in angiogenesis, some members of VEGF family, VEGF-A, VEGF-B and placenta growth factor (PlGF), and the related receptors VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR-1, also known as Flt-1) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2, also known as Flk-1 in mice and KDR in human) have a decisive role. In this review, we describe the discovery and molecular characteristics of PlGF, and discuss the biological role of this growth factor in physiological and pathological conditions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A similar pattern is observed for VEGF, stimulating angiogenesis and promoting capillary permeability,29 leading to expansion of the interstitium.30, 31”
From Hypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance (2019) · cites this paper as [29]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“VEGF expression and increased vascular permeability occur in infection,14, 35 trauma,15, 16, 36 during fetal and postnatal growth,29, 37, 38, 39 preparing for lactation,39, 40 cancer,41, 42 protein‐losing enteropathy,43 and nephrotic syndrome44, 45 (Table 1).”
From Hypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance (2019) · cites this paper as [29]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Pregnancy 1st, 2nd, 3rd trimester | ↓ to ↓↓ | ↑ to↑↑ | ↑ | NA | NA | ↑ to↑↑ | ↑29 | Increasing permeability and distribution volume in the course of pregnancy”
From Hypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance (2019) · cites this paper as [29]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The biology of VEGF and its receptors
Ferrara, N., Gerber, H.-P., & LeCouter, J. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0603-669 · Cited by 9,591
Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of angiogenesis
Carmeliet, P., & Jain, R. K. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10144 · Cited by 5,467
Macrophage Diversity Enhances Tumor Progression and Metastasis
Qian, B., & Pollard, J. W. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.03.014 · Cited by 5,338
An analysis of 5'-noncoding sequences from 699 vertebrate messenger RNAs
Kozak, M. (1987) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/15.20.8125 · Cited by 5,090
The fms -Like Tyrosine Kinase, a Receptor for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
de Vries, C. J. M., Escobedo, J. A., Ueno, H., Houck, K. A., Ferrara, N., & Williams, L. T. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1312256 · Cited by 2,019
Regulation of Mammalian O 2 Homeostasis by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
Semenza, G. L. (1999) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.15.1.551 · Cited by 1,914 · cited 1×
“The main effectors of hypoxic stimulus are the transcriptional factors known as hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) (Semenza, 1999).”
BackgroundLyden, D., Hattori, K., Dias, S., Costa, C., Blaikie, P., Butros, L., Chadburn, A., Heissig, B., Marks, W., Witte, L., et al. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1101-1194 · Cited by 1,860
Carmeliet, P., Moons, L., Luttun, A., Vincenti, V., Compernolle, V., Mol, M. D., Wu, Y., Bono, F., Devy, L., Beck, H., et al. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/87904 · Cited by 1,708
Identification of the KDR tyrosine kinase as a receptor for vascular endothelial cell growth factor
Terman, B. I., Dougher-Vermazen, M., Carrion, M. E., Dimitrov, D. S., Armellino, D. C., Gospodarowicz, D., & Böhlen, P. (1992) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(92)90483-2 · Cited by 1,519
Macrophages, innate immunity and cancer: balance, tolerance, and diversity
Mantovani, A., & Sica, A. (2010) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2010.01.009 · Cited by 1,484
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Adini, 2002, Cancer Res, 62, 2749
- Green, 2001, Cancer Res, 61, 2696
- Maglione, 1993, Oncogene, 8, 925
- Viglietto, 1995, Oncogene, 11, 1569
- Ziche, 1997, Lab Invest, 76, 517
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–424 of 424
Kazimova, T., Tschanz, F., Sharma, A., Telarović, I., Wachtel, M., Pedot, G., Schäfer, B. W., & Pruschy, M. N. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1541-7786.c.6545129.v1
de Graaff, E. C., Thompson, J., Roberts, C. T., Sadler, L. C., Lakhdhir, H., Simon‐Kumar, R., Peiris-John, R. J., McCowan, L. M. E., & Anderson, N. H. (2023) · doi:10.22541/au.169773127.76337893/v1
Tarallo, V., Trotta, S. M., Panico, S., D’Orsi, L., Mercadante, G., Cicatiello, V., & Falco, S. D. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3777206/v1
Barthè, M., Fournier, T., Guibourdenche, J., Tsatsaris, V., & Lecarpentier, É. (2025) · EMC - Ginecología-Obstetricia · doi:10.1016/s1283-081x(24)49935-9
Lam, J. C., Louras, P., Savettiere, A., & Fairchild, J. K. (2025) · Experimental Aging Research · doi:10.1080/0361073x.2025.2468102 · Cited by 1
Supplemental Blood Circulation System in Hematologic Malignancies
Vartanyan, A. A. (2014) · Clinical oncohematology · doi:10.21320/2500-2139-2014-7-4-491-500
Bashore, A. C., Radkevich, E., Roudko, V., Chen, Z., Nie, K., Rizakos, T., Morgenroth-Rebin, J., D’Souza, D., Filimonov, A. K., Gyasi, A., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.07.25.666909
Computational Systems Biology for the VEGF Family in Angiogenesis
Lee, Y., Keku, I., Fang, Y., Weddell, J. C., & Imoukhuede, P. I. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15734-9.00079-0
Dong, Q., Wang, Z., Jiang, M., Sun, H., Wang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Cheng, H., Chai, Y., Shao, T., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12057222
Dong, Q., Wang, Z., Jiang, M., Sun, H., Wang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Cheng, H., Chai, Y., Shao, T., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12057219
Dong, Q., Wang, Z., Jiang, M., Sun, H., Wang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Cheng, H., Chai, Y., Shao, T., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12057231
Dong, Q., Wang, Z., Jiang, M., Sun, H., Wang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Cheng, H., Chai, Y., Shao, T., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12057237
Dong, Q., Wang, Z., Jiang, M., Sun, H., Wang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Cheng, H., Chai, Y., Shao, T., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12057246
Cells and Growth Factors for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
García‐Gareta, E., & Garcia-Aznar, J. M. (2026) · Series in bioengineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-03441-0_4
Amin, I., Pandith, A. A., Manzoor, U., Rasool, S. U. A., Mir, S. H., Afroze, D., Anwar, I., Lateef, A., & Ahmad, A. (2026) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-026-02058-y
Early Placental Angioactive Response to Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection: an Immunohistochemical Study
de Quadros, A. C., Fajardo, T. C. G., da Silva, M. F., da Silva, A. C. B., Malinverni, A. C. D. M., Cardili, L., Bevilacqua, E. M. A. F., & Passos, S. D. (2026) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-026-02079-7
Lee, Y., Lee, H.-Y., Lim, H. S., Shin, J. A., Yang, H. G., Lee, S., Mercadante, G., Cicatiello, V., Falco, S. D., Kim, H., et al. (2026) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106216
Sautreuil, C. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/7a6bdbfezd3fcz46faza6dbz5a013e836737
The Tumor Microenvironment in Skin Cancer
Ravi, N. K., Priya, B. S., Nuri, B. M., Deshmukh, R. S., Dhuri, A., Singh, P. K., Sahu, R. K., & Mane, A. R. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-7358-5_6
Poinsignon, L. (2024) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/e7ecd618zd48dz4c7aza3afz3459ba1a93c8
Meng, Q., & Chan, S. Y. (2026) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvag224
Chmiela, M., Jaroniek, P., Manzaneque, J. C. R., Balcerczak, E., Brzeziński, M., Jeleń, A., Mani, S., Wosiak, A., & Gonciarz, W. (2026) · Cancer Metastasis Review · doi:10.1007/s10555-026-10388-1
Metadata
- Authors
- De Falco, S.
- Affiliations
- Angiogenesis Laboratory and Stem Cell Fate Laboratory, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso' - CNR - Via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- Venue
- Experimental and Molecular Medicine
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1
- ISSN
- 1226-3613 (ISSN-L)
- 2092-6413
- PMC
- PMC3277892
- OpenAlex
- W2097881605
- Cited by
- 425
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Experimental & Molecular Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Keywords
- placental growth factor, angiogenesis, VEGF family, VEGF receptor 1, VEGF receptor 2, Flt-1, Flk-1, KDR, VEGF-A, VEGF-B, biological activity, pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Placenta Growth Factor, Animals, Female, Humans, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Nitric Oxide, Placenta, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Proteins, Mice, Knockout, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Endothelial Cells, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
