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Cited by 38Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient OutcomesSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPain Management and Opioid Use

Potential Adverse Effects of Discontinuing Psychotropic Drugs: Part 4: Benzodiazepine, Glutamate, Opioid, and Stimulant Drugs

Robert H. Howland·2010·Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
DOI 10.3928/02793695-20100730-04
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Abstract

For nurses in clinical practice, understanding the pharmacology of drugs their patients take is relevant to understanding their therapeutic uses, side effect profiles, and adverse discontinuation effects. In this article, the last of a four-part series, the discontinuation effects of the following psychotropic drugs are described: benzodiazepine drugs (which have hypnotic, anti-anxiety, and anticonvulsant effects), non-benzodiazepine drugs (used for insomnia), glutamate-modulating drugs, opioid receptor agonist drugs (used as analgesics for the treatment of various pain conditions), and stimulant drugs. Serious adverse effects are likely to occur only after abrupt discontinuation of benzodiazepine drugs, and they should almost always be tapered. Prominent discontinuation effects are seen with opioid and stimulant drugs, but these are usually not serious. Tapering medication, rather than abruptly stopping them, can avoid or minimize the potential adverse discontinuation effects associated with most psychotropic drugs.

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Crossref · 10.3928/02793695-20100730-04

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  • Withdrawal symptoms can occur on the cessation of both first- and second-generation antipsychotics.

    “Although not widely recognized, withdrawal symptoms can occur on the cessation of both first- and second-generation antipsychotics (FGAs and SGAs).17,20,23”

    From A Method for Tapering Antipsychotic Treatment That May Minimize the Risk of Relapse (2021) · cites this paper as [17]

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Authors
Howland, R. H.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
Robert H. Howland
ORCID
Robert H. Howland
Venue
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
Publisher
SLACK, Inc.
Published
2010-09
Volume
48
Issue
9
Pages
11-14
ISSN
  • 0279-3695 (ISSN-L)
  • 1938-2413
DOI
10.3928/02793695-20100730-04
OpenAlex
W1964985503
Cited by
38
References
26
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI
1.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
Keywords
psychotropic drugs, drug discontinuation, adverse effects, benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepine hypnotics, insomnia, opioid agonists, analgesics, stimulants, tapering, abrupt discontinuation, nursing pharmacology
MeSH terms
Central Nervous System Stimulants, Analgesics, Opioid, Benzodiazepines, Drug Administration Schedule, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Psychiatric Nursing, Psychotropic Drugs, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Excitatory Amino Acid Agents

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