Cited by 108Folate and B Vitamins ResearchChild Nutrition and Water AccessIron Metabolism and Disorders

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Cobalamin and folate status predicts mental development scores in North Indian children 12–18 mo of age

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Strand, Tor A, Taneja, Sunita, Ueland, Per M, Refsum, Helga, Bahl, Rajiv, Schneede, Joern, Sommerfelt, Halvor, Bhandari, Nita·2013·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

DOI 10.3945/ajcn.111.032268

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Abstract

Background Micronutrient deficiencies can affect cognitive function. Many young children in low- and middle-income countries have inadequate cobalamin (vitamin B-12) status.Objective The objective was to measure the association of plasma concentrations of folate, cobalamin, total homocysteine, and methylmalonic acid with cognitive performance at 2 occasions, 4 mo apart, in North Indian children aged 12-18 mo.Design Bayley Scales of Infant Development II were used to assess cognition. In multiple regression models adjusted for several potential confounders, we measured the association between biomarkers for folate and cobalamin status and psychomotor or mental development scores on the day of blood sampling and 4 mo thereafter.Results Each 2-fold increment in plasma cobalamin concentration was associated with a significant increment in the mental development index score of 1.3 (95% CI: 0.2, 2.4; P = 0.021). Furthermore, each 2-fold increment in homocysteine or methylmalonic acid concentration was associated with a decrement in mental development index score of 2.0 (95% CI: 0.5, 3.4; P = 0.007) or 1.1 (95% CI: 0.3, 1.8; P = 0.004) points, respectively. Plasma folate concentration was significantly and independently associated with mental development index scores only when children with poor cobalamin status were excluded, ie, in those who had cobalamin concentrations below the 25th percentile. None of these markers was associated with psychomotor scores in the multiple regression models.Conclusions Cobalamin and folate status showed a statistically significant association with cognitive performance. Given the high prevalence of deficiencies in these nutrients, folate and cobalamin supplementation trials are required to measure any beneficial effect on cognition.

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Authors: Strand, T. A., Taneja, S., Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., Bahl, R., Schneede, J., Sommerfelt, H., & Bhandari, N.
Affiliations: University of Bergen (NO)
ORCID: Strand, Tor A
Taneja, Sunita
Ueland, Per M
Refsum, Helga
Bahl, Rajiv
Sommerfelt, Halvor
Bhandari, Nita
Venue: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-02
Volume: 97
Issue: 2
Pages: 310-317
ISSN: 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.111.032268
OpenAlex: W2112708641
Cited by: 108
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 7.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 3671 d)
Locations: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Folate and B Vitamins Research
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
Keywords: vitamin B12, folic acid, homocysteine, methylmalonic acid, cognitive development, infant cognitive development, micronutrient deficiency, plasma biomarkers, psychomotor development, North Indian children
MeSH terms: Child Development, Developmental Disabilities, Cognition Disorders, Female, Folic Acid, Folic Acid Deficiency, Homocysteine, Humans, India, Infant, Male, Methylmalonic Acid, Nutritional Status, Psychomotor Performance, Vitamin B 12, Vitamin B 12 Deficiency, Cohort Studies, Biomarkers, Prevalence, Neurogenesis

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Cobalamin and folate status predicts mental development scores in North Indian children 12–18 mo of age

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