Mediterranean Diet Adherence in Individuals with Prediabetes and Unknown Diabetes: The Di@bet.es Study
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Background and Aims: Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is causally related to diabetes and is a dietary pattern recommended to individuals with diabetes. We investigated MedDiet adherence in individuals with prediabetes and unknown (PREDM/UKDM) or known diabetes (KDM) compared to those with normal glucose metabolism (NORMAL). Methods: This was a national, population-based, cross-sectional, cluster-sampling study. MedDiet adherence was scored (MedScore, mean ± SD 24 ± 5) using a qualitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between MedScore and PREDM/UKDM or KDM versus control subjects. Results: We evaluated 5,076 individuals. Mean age was 50 years, 57% were female, 826 (582/244) were PREDM/UKDM, 478 were KDM and 3,772 were NORMAL. Mean age increased across MedScore tertiles (46, 51 and 56 years, p < 0.0001). Higher age-adjusted adherence to MedDiet (5-unit increment in the MedScore) was associated with lower and nondifferent odds (OR, 95% CI) of prevalent PREDM/UKDM (0.88, 0.81-0.96, p = 0.001) and KDM (0.97, 0.87-1.07, p = 0.279), respectively, compared to individuals in the NORMAL group. Conclusions: In a representative sample of the whole Spanish population, MedDiet adherence is independently associated with PREDM/UKDM. Therapeutic intervention may be, in part, responsible for the lack of differences in adherence observed between the KDM and NORMAL groups. However, reverse causation bias cannot be ruled out in cross-sectional studies.
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An inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and prediabetes has been reported.
“Furthermore, an inverse association between adherence to MD and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and prediabetes has been reported [52, 53].”
From Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence? (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Ortega, E., Franch, J., Castell, C., Goday, A., Ribas-Barba, L., Soriguer, F., Vendrell, J., Casamitjana, R., Bosch-Comas, A., Bordiú, E., Calle-Pascual, A., Carmena, R., Castaño, L., Catalá, M., Delgado, E., Gaztambide, S., Girbés, J., López-Alba, A., Martínez-Larrad, M. T., Menéndez, E., Mora-Peces, I., Pascual-Manich, G., Rojo-Martínez, G., Serrano-Rios, M., Urrutía, I., Valdés, S., Vázquez, J. A., & Gomis, R.
- Affiliations
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (ES)
- Generalitat de Catalunya (ES)
- Hospital Del Mar (ES)
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (ES)
- Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova (ES)
- Servicio Canario de la Salud (ES)
- Ministry of Health (ES)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 339-346
- ISSN
- 0250-6807 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9697
- OpenAlex
- W1979531651
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 9
- FWCI
- 4.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Consultation of the Doctoral Thesis Database (TESEO) (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet adherence, prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, dietary habits, food frequency questionnaire, reverse causality, Spanish population
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Blood Glucose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Diet Surveys, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Prediabetic State, Spain, Prevalence, Case-Control Studies, Diet, Mediterranean
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