Cited by 142T-cell and B-cell ImmunologyHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationBlood disorders and treatments

SHIP1 Inhibition Increases Immunoregulatory Capacity and Triggers Apoptosis of Hematopoietic Cancer Cells

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Brooks, Robert, Fuhler, Gwenny M, Iyer, Sonia, Smith, Michelle J, Park, Mi-Young, Paraiso, Kim H T, Engelman, Robert W, Kerr, William G·2010·The Journal of Immunology

Abstract

Genetic studies revealed that SHIP1 limits blood cell production and immune regulatory cell numbers in vivo. We postulated that molecular targeting of SHIP1 might enhance blood cell production and increase immunoregulatory capacity. In this study, we report the identification of a chemical inhibitor of SHIP1, 3 α-aminocholestane (3AC). Treatment with 3AC significantly expands the myeloid immunoregulatory cell compartment and impairs the ability of peripheral lymphoid tissues to prime allogeneic T cell responses. In addition, 3AC treatment profoundly increases granulocyte production without triggering the myeloid-associated lung consolidation observed in SHIP1−/− mice. Moreover, 3AC also enhances RBC, neutrophil, and platelet recovery in myelosuppressed hosts. Intriguingly, we also find that chemical inhibition of SHIP1 triggers apoptosis of blood cancer cells. Thus, SHIP1 inhibitors represent a novel class of small molecules that have the potential to enhance allogeneic transplantation, boost blood cell production, and improve the treatment of hematologic malignancies.

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Crossref · 10.4049/jimmunol.0902844

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  • 3AC at 1.25 μM reduces INPP5D activity in primary mouse microglia well below its reported IC50 of 10 μM.

    “A recent study reported reduced INPP5D activity in primary mouse microglia treated with 3AC at a concentration (1.25 μM) well below its reported IC50 (10 μM)39,45.”

    From INPP5D regulates inflammasome activation in human microglia (2023) · cites this paper as [39]

    The Results section, “A high-throughput screening identifies a SHIP1 selective inhibitor” (page unavailable), reports 50% inhibition of recombinant SHIP1 by 3AC at 10 μM, supporting the reported IC50. It does not report reduced INPP5D activity in primary mouse microglia treated at 1.25 μM. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • 3-alpha-Aminocholestane (3AC) is a selective inhibitor of INPP5D.

    “Here, we used 3-alpha-Aminocholestane (3AC), a compound previously reported to be a selective inhibitor of INPP5D39, which has been utilized in several studies to reduce INPP5D activity in vivo in mice and in vitro cell culture39–47.”

    From INPP5D regulates inflammasome activation in human microglia (2023) · cites this paper as [39]

  • Cathepsin B signal appears punctate when localized to lysosomes, whereas it becomes diffuse when localized to the cytosol upon LMP.

    “Cathepsin B signal appears punctate when localized to the lysosomes, whereas the signal becomes diffuse (and perhaps below the limit of detection by immunostaining) when localized to the cytosol upon LMP44–46.”

    From INPP5D/SHIP1 regulates endo-lysosomal function and cargo-selective phagocytosis in human microglia (2025) · cites this paper as [44]

    The Materials and Methods passages describe Western blotting and flow-cytometry staining, but not cathepsin B localization. Searches for cathepsin B, lysosomal membrane permeabilization, and punctate versus diffuse immunostaining found no passage addressing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Active cathepsin B can leak into the cytoplasm after lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) in contexts where lysosomal membrane integrity is compromised, such as upon lysosomal deacidification.

    “Second, active cathepsin B can leak into the cytoplasm after lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) in contexts where lysosomal membrane integrity is compromised, such as upon lysosomal deacidification44,69.”

    From INPP5D/SHIP1 regulates endo-lysosomal function and cargo-selective phagocytosis in human microglia (2025) · cites this paper as [44]

    The Results section reports apoptosis after SHIP1 inhibition, and Materials and Methods describes assays for apoptosis-related proteins, but neither addresses cathepsin B release or lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Searches for cathepsin B and lysosomal deacidification found no passage in our copy supporting the attributed mechanism; page numbers were not available. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Brooks, R., Fuhler, G. M., Iyer, S., Smith, M. J., Park, M.-Y., Paraiso, K. H. T., Engelman, R. W., & Kerr, W. G.
Affiliations
  • SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
  • Moffitt Cancer Center (US)
Corresponding author
  • Brooks, Robert
  • Iyer, Sonia
Venue
The Journal of Immunology
Published
2010-04-01
Volume
184
Issue
7
Pages
3582-3589
ISSN
  • 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
  • 1550-6606
OpenAlex
W2171716580
Cited by
140
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
FWCI
3.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (RO1 DK54767, RO1 HL72523)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Blood disorders and treatments
Keywords
SHIP1, immunoregulatory cells, myeloid cells, hematopoiesis, allogeneic T cell response, granulopoiesis, hematologic malignancies, apoptosis, allogeneic transplantation, lung consolidation
MeSH terms
Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatases, Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases, Animals, Cell Separation, Cholestanes, Enzyme Inhibitors, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed, Lymphocyte Activation, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Blotting, Western, Apoptosis, Mice, Knockout, Hematologic Neoplasms, Myeloid Cells, Cell Line, Tumor, Mice

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