Pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors promote microglia effector functions essential for CNS homeostasis
Open accessAbstract
We show here that both SHIP1 (Inpp5d) and its paralog SHIP2 (Inppl1) are expressed at protein level in microglia. To examine whether targeting of SHIP paralogs might influence microglial physiology and function, we tested the capacity of SHIP1-selective, SHIP2-selective and pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors for their ability to impact on microglia proliferation, lysosomal compartment size and phagocytic function. We find that highly potent pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors can significantly increase lysosomal compartment size, and phagocytosis of dead neurons and amyloid beta (Aβ)1−42 by microglia in vitro. We show that one of the more-potent and water-soluble pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors, K161, can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Consistent with this, K161 increases the capacity of CNS-resident microglia to phagocytose Aβ and apoptotic neurons following systemic administration. These findings provide the first demonstration that small molecule modulation of microglia function in vivo is feasible, and suggest that dual inhibition of the SHIP1 and 2 paralogs can provide a novel means to enhance basal microglial homeostatic functions for therapeutic purposes in Alzheimer's disease and, possibly, other types of dementia where increased microglial function could be beneficial.
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Constitutive deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of SHIP1 increases phagocytosis of various substances, including zymosan in SHIP1 knockout macrophages and Aβ in SHIP1 inhibitor-treated microglia.
“Constitutive deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of SHIP1 increases phagocytosis of various substances, including zymosan in SHIP1 knockout (KO) macrophages and Aβ in SHIP1 inhibitor-treated microglia.12,13”
From Microglial <i>INPP5D</i> limits plaque formation and glial reactivity in the PSAPP mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (2023) · cites this paper as [12]
The paper reports increased Aβ1–42 phagocytosis in microglia treated with pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors (indexed copy, section labeled ABSTRACT; page unavailable). It also says SHIP1 limits macrophage phagocytosis, but does not establish the claimed zymosan result in SHIP1-knockout macrophages. The effective microglial treatments inhibited both SHIP1 and SHIP2; the paper says SHIP1-selective inhibition did not significantly improve microglial phagocytic function. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPhagocytosis was increased in microglia that lacked Inpp5d.
“We found that phagocytosis was increased in microglia that lacked Inpp5d (Figure 3H), in line with previous reports in the literature.12”
From Microglial <i>INPP5D</i> limits plaque formation and glial reactivity in the PSAPP mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (2023) · cites this paper as [12]
The passage on dead-neuron uptake (indexed as ABSTRACT; page unavailable) reports increased microglial phagocytosis with a pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitor. It does not report phagocytosis in microglia lacking Inpp5d; only the dual inhibitor, not the SHIP1-selective inhibitor, produced a significant increase in that experiment. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMicroglia with decreased Inpp5d or in the presence of a SHIP1 inhibitor demonstrated increased phagocytosis.
“Moreover, microglia with decreased Inpp5d or in the presence of a SHIP1 inhibitor, demonstrated increased phagocytosis.12,13”
From Microglial <i>INPP5D</i> limits plaque formation and glial reactivity in the PSAPP mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (2023) · cites this paper as [12]
The indexed passage describing the dead-neuron uptake experiments reports increased phagocytosis with the pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitor K118. It also says that the SHIP1-selective inhibitor 3AC did not significantly increase uptake. The paper identifies Inpp5d as SHIP1 but does not report increased phagocytosis in microglia with decreased Inpp5d expression. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPharmacological inhibition of INPP5D increases microglial proliferation and phagocytic uptake of Aβ peptide and alleviates neuronal loss.
“Pharmacological inhibition of INPP5D has been shown previously to increase microglial proliferation and phagocytic uptake of Aβ peptide and alleviate neuronal loss.14”
From <i>INPP5D</i> deficiency attenuates amyloid pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
The Results passages (page not provided) report increased microglial proliferation with pan-SHIP1/2 inhibition and increased uptake of Aβ peptide. They also report uptake of neurons that were already dead or apoptotic, not alleviation of neuronal loss. The proliferation result concerns inhibition of both SHIP1 (INPP5D) and SHIP2; SHIP1-selective inhibition did not increase proliferation. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPharmacological inhibition of SHIP1 and knockout of Inpp5d in mice increased the phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons and Aβ42, though plaque burden still increased.
“In agreement with SHIP1’s role in inhibiting phagocytosis, pharmacological inhibition of SHIP1 and knockout of Inpp5d in mice increased the phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons and Aβ42, though plaque burden still increased [135, 136].”
From Microglial function, INPP5D/SHIP1 signaling, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation: implications for Alzheimer’s disease (2023) · cites this paper as [135]
The paper reports that the pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitor K161 increased microglial uptake of apoptotic neurons and Aβ1–42 after administration to mice (indexed ABSTRACT; page unavailable). It does not report that Inpp5d knockout increased phagocytosis or that plaque burden increased. It also distinguishes dual SHIP1/2 inhibition from SHIP1-selective inhibition, which did not significantly increase dead-neuron uptake. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
3AC at 1.25 μM reduces INPP5D activity in primary mouse microglia well below its reported IC50 of 10 μM.
“A recent study reported reduced INPP5D activity in primary mouse microglia treated with 3AC at a concentration (1.25 μM) well below its reported IC50 (10 μM)39,45.”
From INPP5D regulates inflammasome activation in human microglia (2023) · cites this paper as [45]
The Fig. 4 caption reports treating primary murine microglia with 3AC at 1.25 μM, and the Discussion refers to reduced SHIP1 activity as an explanation for the results. The paper does not report a direct measurement of INPP5D activity in those cells at that dose; our copy also does not state a 10 μM IC50, though it points to a supplementary table of IC50 values. (LLM, conf=0.77)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe results are consistent with a role for SHIP1 as a negative regulator of immune signaling.
“were consistent with previous results,12 and with a role for SHIP1 as a negative regulator of immune signaling.”
From Microglial <i>INPP5D</i> limits plaque formation and glial reactivity in the PSAPP mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (2023) · cites this paper as [12]
Previous studies in mouse models and immortalized microglia cell lines suggested a role for SHIP1 in regulating Aβ phagocytosis.
“Previous studies in mouse models and immortalized microglia cell lines suggested a role for SHIP1 in regulating Aβ phagocytosis60–62.”
From INPP5D/SHIP1 regulates endo-lysosomal function and cargo-selective phagocytosis in human microglia (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
3-alpha-Aminocholestane (3AC) is a selective inhibitor of INPP5D.
“Here, we used 3-alpha-Aminocholestane (3AC), a compound previously reported to be a selective inhibitor of INPP5D39, which has been utilized in several studies to reduce INPP5D activity in vivo in mice and in vitro cell culture39–47.”
From INPP5D regulates inflammasome activation in human microglia (2023) · cites this paper as [45]
Two studies observed no change in plaque burden with reduced Inpp5d levels.
“While one study reported amelioration of plaque burden by Inpp5d knockdown in a mouse model of AD56, another study reported increased plaque burden78 and two studies observed no change with reduced Inpp5d levels57,61.”
From INPP5D/SHIP1 regulates endo-lysosomal function and cargo-selective phagocytosis in human microglia (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
The indexed passage describing the study reports increased microglial phagocytosis of Aβ after SHIP1/2 inhibition, not a measurement of plaque burden. Searches for reduced Inpp5d levels, plaque burden, and plaque load found no passage reporting that plaque burden was unchanged. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Differential Association of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase, SHIP-1, and PTEN with Forming Phagosomes
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SHIP is required for a functional hematopoietic stem cell niche
Hazen, A. L., Smith, M. J., Desponts, C., Winter, O., Moser, K., & Kerr, W. G. (2008) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2008-02-138008 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationTau immunotherapies for Alzheimer’s disease
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SHIP-1 Increases Early Oxidative Burst and Regulates Phagosome Maturation in Macrophages
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Lipid phosphatase SHIP2 functions as oncogene in colorectal cancer by regulating PKB activation
Hoekstra, E., Das, A. M., Willemsen, M., Swets, M., Kuppen, P. J. K., van der Woude, C. J., Bruno, M. J., Shah, J. P., ten Hagen, T. L. M., Chisholm, J. D., et al. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.12321 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationDynamic Podosome-Like Structures in Nascent Phagosomes Are Coordinated by Phosphoinositides
Ostrowski, P. P., Freeman, S. A., Fairn, G. D., & Grinstein, S. (2019) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2019.05.028 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
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Pilot Study of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
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Regulation of microglial survival and proliferation in health and diseases
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Self-citationINPP5D mRNA Expression and Cognitive Decline in Japanese Alzheimer’s Disease Subjects
Yoshino, Y., Yamazaki, K., Ozaki, Y., Sao, T., Yoshida, T., Mori, T., Mori, Y., Ochi, S., Iga, J.-I., & Ueno, S.-I. (2017) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-161211 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Coordinate Expansion of Murine Hematopoietic and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Compartments by SHIPi
Brooks, R., Iyer, S., Akada, H., Neelam, S., Russo, C. M., Chisholm, J. D., & Kerr, W. G. (2015) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.1902 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationA small-molecule inhibitor of SHIP1 reverses age- and diet-associated obesity and metabolic syndrome
Srivastava, N., Iyer, S., Sudan, R., Youngs, C., Engelman, R. W., Howard, K. T., Russo, C. M., Chisholm, J. D., & Kerr, W. G. (2016) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.88544 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
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Structure–Activity Relationships of Novel Tryptamine-Based Inhibitors of Bacterial Transglycosylase
Sosič, I., Anderluh, M., Sova, M., Gobec, M., Mlinarič‐Raščan, I., Derouaux, A., Amoroso, A. M., Terrak, M., Breukink, E. J., & Gobec, S. (2015) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01482 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
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Self-citationBonaparte, K. L., Hudson, C. A., Wu, C. W., & Massa, P. T. (2006) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20344 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
SHIPi Enhances Autologous and Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Fernandes, S. R. M., Brooks, R., Gumbleton, M., Park, M.-Y., Russo, C. M., Howard, K. T., Chisholm, J. D., & Kerr, W. G. (2015) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.02.004 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationPhosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-Trisphosphate Induces Phagocytosis of Nonmotile Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Demirdjian, S., Hopkins, D. C., Sanchez, H., Libre, M., Gerber, S. A., & Berwin, B. L. (2018) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.00215-18 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
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Phagocytosis Assay of Microglia for Dead Neurons in Primary Rat Brain Cell Cultures
Zhao, X., Zhang, L., Ting, S., & Aronowski, J. A. (2016) · BIO-PROTOCOL · doi:10.21769/bioprotoc.1795 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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Mitochondrial Regulation of Microglial Immunometabolism in Alzheimer’s Disease
Fairley, L. H., Wong, J. H., & Barron, A. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.624538 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Tsai, A. P., Lin, P. B.-C., Dong, C., Moutinho, M., Casali, B. T., Liu, Y., Lamb, B. T., Landreth, G. E., Oblak, A. L., & Nho, K. (2021) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105303 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Terzioglu, G., & Young-Pearse, T. L. (2023) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-023-00674-9 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Metabolic regulation of microglial phagocytosis: Implications for Alzheimer's disease therapeutics
Lepiarz-Raba, I., Gbadamosi, I., Florea, R., Paolicelli, R. C., & Jawaid, A. (2023) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-023-00382-w · Cited by 90 · see citing works
INPP5D regulates inflammasome activation in human microglia
Chou, V., Pearse, R. V., Aylward, A. J., Ashour, N., Taga, M., Terzioglu, G., Fujita, M., Fancher, S. B., Sigalov, A., Benoit, C. R., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42819-w · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Castranio, E. L., Hasel, P., Haure‐Mirande, J., Ramirez Jimenez, A. V., Hamilton, B. W., Kim, R. D., Glabe, C. G., Wang, M., Zhang, B., Gandy, S., et al. (2023) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.12821 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
“The latter results and that of our functional phagocytosis assay showing increased bead phagocytosis by constitutive Inpp5d KO primary microglia were consistent with previous results, 12 and with a role for SHIP1 as a negative regulator of immune signaling.”
InfluentialShedding Light on the Dark Side of the Microglia
St‐Pierre, M., Šimončičová, E., Bögi, E., & Tremblay, M. (2020) · ASN NEURO · doi:10.1177/1759091420925335 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Xu, Y., Au, N. P. B., & Ma, C. H. E. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.896852 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
<i>INPP5D</i> deficiency attenuates amyloid pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Lin, P. B., Tsai, A. P., Soni, D., Lee‐Gosselin, A., Moutinho, M., Puntambekar, S. S., Landreth, G. E., Lamb, B. T., & Oblak, A. L. (2023) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.12849 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Microglia-Mediated Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease
Huang, W., Xia, Q., Zheng, F., Zhao, X. L., Ge, F., Xiao, J., Liu, Z., Shen, Y., Ye, K., Wang, D., et al. (2023) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-221064 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Alzheimer’s genes in microglia: a risk worth investigating
Sudwarts, A., & Thinakaran, G. (2023) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-023-00679-4 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Samuels, J. D., Moore, K. A., Ennerfelt, H. E., Johnson, A. M., Walsh, A. E., Price, R. J., & Lukens, J. R. (2023) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13089 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Takata, K., Ginhoux, F., & Shimohama, S. (2021) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114754 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Targeting SHIP1 and SHIP2 in Cancer
Pedicone, C., Meyer, S. T., Chisholm, J. D., & Kerr, W. G. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13040890 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationSmall molecule targeting of SHIP1 and SHIP2
Kerr, W. G., Pedicone, C., Dormann, S., Pacherille, A., & Chisholm, J. D. (2020) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20190775 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationMatera, A., Compagnion, A.-C., Pedicone, C., Kotah, J. M., Ivanov, A., Monsorno, K., Labouèbe, G., Leggio, L., Pereira-Iglesias, M., Beule, D., et al. (2025) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.003 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationHypothalamic Microglial Heterogeneity and Signature under High Fat Diet–Induced Inflammation
Mendes, N. F., Jara, C. P., Zanesco, A. M., & ARAUJO, E. P. D. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22052256 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Pedicone, C., Fernandes, S., Matera, A., Meyer, S. T., Loh, S., Ha, J.-H., Bernard, D., Chisholm, J. D., Paolicelli, R. C., & Kerr, W. G. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104170 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationIkegami, K., & Masubuchi, S. (2022) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03295-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Regulation of inositol 5-phosphatase activity by the C2 domain of SHIP1 and SHIP2
Bradshaw, W. J., Kennedy, E. C., Moreira, T., Smith, L. A., Chalk, R., Katis, V. L., Benesch, J. L. P., Brennan, P. E., Murphy, E. J., & Gileadi, O. (2024) · Structure · doi:10.1016/j.str.2024.01.005 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Brain resident microglia in Alzheimer’s disease: foe or friends
Kaur, S., Malleshwari, K., Sharma, A., Giridharan, V. V., & Dandekar, M. P. (2024) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-024-01550-8 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Müller, S., & Jücker, M. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25105254 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
INPP5D/SHIP1: Expression, Regulation and Roles in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathophysiology
Olufunmilayo, E. O., & Holsinger, R. M. D. (2023) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes14101845 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Dysregulation of Phosphoinositide 5-Phosphatases and Phosphoinositides in Alzheimer's Disease
Ando, K., Erneux, C., Homa, M., Houben, S., de Fisenne, M.-A., Brion, J., & Leroy, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.614855 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Discovery of a SHP2 Degrader with In Vivo Anti-Tumor Activity
Miao, J., Bai, Y., Miao, Y., Qu, Z., Dong, J., Zhang, R., Aggarwal, D., Jassim, B. A., Nguyen, Q. D., & Zhang, Z. (2023) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules28196947 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A CRISPRi/a platform in iPSC-derived microglia uncovers regulators of disease statesPreprint
Dräger, N. M., Sattler, S. M., Huang, C. T.-L., Teter, O. M., Leng, K., Hashemi, S. H., Hong, J. Y., Aviles, G., Clelland, C. D., Zhan, L., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.06.16.448639 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
SHIP1 and its role for innate immune regulation—Novel targets for immunotherapy
Yeoh, W. J., & Krebs, P. (2023) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.202350446 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
SHIP inhibition mediates select TREM2-induced microglial functions
Ramakrishnan, G. S., Berry, W. L., Pacherille, A., Kerr, W. G., Chisholm, J. D., Pedicone, C., & Humphrey, M. B. (2024) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2024.04.002 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationInpp5d haplodeficiency alleviates tau pathology in the PS19 mouse model of Tauopathy
Soni, D. M., Lin, P. B., Lee‐Gosselin, A., Lloyd, C. D., Mason, E., Ingraham, C. M., Perkins, A., Moutinho, M., Lamb, B. T., Chu, S., et al. (2024) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.14078 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Therapeutic targeting of neuroimmune mechanisms in neurodegeneration
Monroe, K. M., Hong, S. Y., Lewcock, J. W., & Yang, A. C. (2026) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-025-01370-7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Jesudason, C. D., Mason, E. R., Chu, S., Oblak, A. L., Javens‐Wolfe, J., Moussaif, M., Durst, G., Hipskind, P. A., Beck, D. E., Dong, J., et al. (2023) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Translational Research & Clinical Interventions · doi:10.1002/trc2.12429 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Loss of <i>Inpp5d</i> has disease‐relevant and sex‐specific effects on glial transcriptomes
Dabin, L. C., Kersey, H., Kim, B., Acri, D. J., Sharify, D., Lee‐Gosselin, A., Lasagna‐Reeves, C. A., Oblak, A. L., Lamb, B. T., & Kim, J. (2024) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13901 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“31,32 No study has modeled the effect of total loss of Inpp5d , as this leads to death before sufficient AD-like pathology has developed in mouse models.”
Potential Alzheimer’s disease drug targets identified through microglial biology research
Lepiarz‐Raba, I., Hidayat, T., Hannan, A. J., & Jawaid, A. (2024) · Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery · doi:10.1080/17460441.2024.2335210 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Wickstead, E. S., Irving, M. A., Getting, S. J., & McArthur, S. (2021) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.15861 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Microglia heterogeneity during neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the mouse retina
Rao, B., Liu, X., Xiao, J., Wu, X., He, F., Yang, Q., Zhao, W., Lin, X., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-024-02875-4 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Sterile innate immune mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases
Ealy, A., Serapiglia, A. M., & Panicker, N. (2025) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2025.111039 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Regulation of Microglial Signaling by Lyn and SHIP-1 in the Steady-State Adult Mouse Brain
Chu, E., Mychasiuk, R., Tsantikos, E., Raftery, A. L., L’Estrange-Stranieri, E., Dill, L. K., Semple, B. D., & Hibbs, M. L. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12192378 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Fernandes, S., Srivastava, N., Pedicone, C., Sudan, R., Luke, E., Dungan, O. M., Pacherille, A., Meyer, S. T., Dormann, S., Schurmans, S., et al. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106071 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationINPP5D/SHIP1 regulates inflammasome activation in human microglia
Chou, V., Fancher, S. B., Pearse, R. V., Lee, H., Lam, M., Seyfried, N. T., Bennett, D. A., De Jager, P. L., Menon, V., & Young-Pearse, T. L. (2023) · doi:10.1101/2023.02.25.530025 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Discovery and evaluation of novel SHIP-1 inhibitors
Miao, J., Lin, J., Dong, J., Amarasinghe, O., Mason, E. R., Chu, S., Qu, Z., Cullers, C. C., Putt, K. S., & Zhang, Z. (2024) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117965 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Genome-wide studies define new genetic mechanisms of IgA vasculitisPreprint
Liu, L., Zhu, L., Monteiro-Martins, S., Griffin, A. T., Vlahos, L. J., Fujita, M., Berrouet, C. C., Zanoni, F., Marasà, M., Zhang, J. Y., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.10.10.24315041 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
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INPP5D/SHIP1 regulates endo-lysosomal function and cargo-selective phagocytosis in human microglia
Terzioglu, G., Karp, E. S., Heuer, S. E., Chadarevian, J. P., Ahsan, F. M., Haage, V. C., Davtyan, H., Fogo, G. M., Curle, A. J., Ashour, N., et al. (2025) · doi:10.1101/2025.10.27.684632 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Pathological Roles of INPP5D in Alzheimer’s Disease
Chu, Y. N., Akahori, A., Takatori, S., & Tomita, T. (2023) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-31978-5_30 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hudgins, A. D., Zhou, S., Arey, R. N., Rosenfeld, M. G., Murphy, C. T., & Suh, Y. (2024) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.009 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Amelioration of premature aging in Werner syndrome stem cells by targeting SHIP/AKT pathway
Tam, H.-Y., Liu, J., Yiu, T.-C., Leung, A. O.-W., Li, C., Gu, S., Rennert, O. M., Huang, B., & Cheung, H. (2025) · Cell & Bioscience · doi:10.1186/s13578-025-01355-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
SHIP1 modulation and proteome characterization of microglia
Ahat, E., Shi, Z., Chu, S., Bui, H. H., Mason, E. R., Soni, D. M., Roth, K. D. W., Chalmers, M. J., Oblak, A. L., Zhang, J., et al. (2024) · Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105198 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Approaches to visualize, quantify, and manipulate phosphoinositides in cells
Gönül, R., Chytła, A., Miladinović, A., Antiga, L., Hozák, P., & Sztacho, M. (2026) · Histochemistry and Cell Biology · doi:10.1007/s00418-026-02479-5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Synthetic studies on the indane SHIP1 agonist AQX-1125
Dungan, O. M., Dormann, S., Fernandes, S., Duffy, B. C., Effiong, D., Kerr, W. G., & Chisholm, J. D. (2022) · Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d2ob00555g · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationStructure–Activity Studies on Bis-Sulfonamide SHIP1 Activators
Meyer, S. T., Fernandes, S., Anderson, R. E., Pacherille, A., Toms, B. B., Kerr, W. G., & Chisholm, J. D. (2023) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules28248048 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, H., Li, W., Xiao, P., Lu, Z., Tian, Y., & Xu, Y. (2026) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.70031 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Jesudason, C. D., Rangel‐Barajas, C., Beach, C. J., Beck, D. E., Caballero-Floran, I., Clayton, B., Silva, L. D., David, J. C., Doolen, S., Faulkner, A. N., et al. (2026) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6c00010 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Microglial ITAM & ITIM Signaling in Neurodegenerative Disease and Brain Aging
Mangalmurti, A., Bonheur, A., & Lukens, J. R. (2026) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2026.169910 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pacherille, A., Viernes, D. R., Pedicone, C., Fernandes, S., Dungan, O. M., Dormann, S., Wallach, D. R., Sudan, R., Brooks, R., Russo, C. M., et al. (2025) · ChemMedChem · doi:10.1002/cmdc.202400597 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationShekarian, T., Hogan, S. A., Martins, T. A., Schmassmann, P., Gerber, A., Roux, J., Kaymak, D., Durano, C., Burger, B., Matter, M. S., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.04.21.537308
SHIP1 regulates TREM2 signalling and macrophage functions in a hiPSC-derived modelPreprint
Martin, C., Obst, J., Ibarra, S., Murphy, E. J., Gospodinova, K., & Mead, E. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.07.02.662745
SHIPi improves hematologic recovery after chemotherapy
Fernandes, S., Pedicone, C., Dungan, O. M., Pacherille, A., Meyer, S. T., Dormann, S., del Fresno, C., Sancho, D., Toms, B. B., Walker, B., et al. (2025) · Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1186/s10020-025-01383-3
Self-citationXi, R., Zheng, X., Zhao, J., & Fu, Y. (2026) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-026-03819-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Targeting microglia: A new strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Zheng, M., Yang, M., Su, W., Tian, L., & Gao, W. (2026) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2026.578966
SHIP1 regulates TREM2 signalling and macrophage functions in a hiPSC ‐derived model
Martin, K. S., Obst, J., Ibarra, S., Murphy, E. J., Gospodinova, K., & Mead, E. (2026) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.70752
Research Progress of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 in Major Neurodegenerative Diseases
Sun, Y., & Xia, J. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27219696
- Authors
- Pedicone, C., Fernandes, S., Dungan, O. M., Dormann, S. M., Viernes, D. R., Adhikari, A. A., Choi, L. B., De Jong, E. P., Chisholm, J. D., & Kerr, W. G.
- Affiliations
- SUNY Upstate Medical University (US)
- Syracuse University (US)
- SUNY Upstate Medical University 3 Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility , , Syracuse, NY , 13210, USA
- Venue
- Journal of Cell Science
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 2020-01-10
- Volume
- 133
- Issue
- 5
- ISSN
- 0021-9533 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9137
- PMC
- PMC10682645
- OpenAlex
- W2991552355
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 1.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Cell Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- SHIP1, SHIP2, microglia, phagocytosis, amyloid-beta, blood-brain barrier penetration, CNS homeostasis, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, microglial proliferation
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Homeostasis, Humans, Phagocytosis, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Microglia
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