CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 185Bipolar Disorder and TreatmentSchizophrenia research and treatmentDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Level of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Bipolar Disorder Equals That of Schizophrenia: A Comparative Study

Birkenaes, Astrid B., Opjordsmoen, Stein, Brunborg, Cathrine, Engh, John A., Jonsdottir, Halldora, Ringen, P. Andreas, Simonsen, Carmen, Vaskinn, Anja, Birkeland, Kåre I., Friis, Svein, Sundet, Kjetil, Andreassen, Ole A.·2007·The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
DOI 10.4088/jcp.v68n0614
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: In schizophrenia, increased rates of somatic mortality have been shown to correspond with a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including smoking and the metabolic syndrome. In bipolar disorder, the amount of cardiovascular risk is still largely unknown. This study compares the prevalence of smoking and metabolic disturbances in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in a representative sample of patients under naturalistic conditions. It also compares the prevalence of risk factors in each diagnostic group with the general population. METHOD: Longitudinal data on clinical groups from October 2002 through December 2005 were from the Oslo TOP Study (DSM-IV bipolar disorder [N = 110] and schizophrenia [N = 163]). Reference data were from the 2000 to 2001 Oslo Health Study (18,770 individuals of the same area). Background variables, prevalence of smoking, and age-adjusted levels of metabolic risk factors were compared between diagnostic groups. Risk factors in both groups were then compared with the general population. RESULTS: Patients with bipolar disorder had higher levels of education, better social functioning, fewer psychiatric symptoms, and less use of medication than patients with schizophrenia. There was no significant difference between diagnostic groups in the prevalence of smoking, obesity, metabolic syndrome, or diabetes. The mean level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in schizophrenia (p < .001), and systolic blood pressure was higher in bipolar disorder (p < .05). Both diagnostic groups had a prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors about twice that of the general population. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was alarmingly high for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients compared with the general population, and the prevalence was approximately the same in both diagnostic groups.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.4088/jcp.v68n0614

Cites

34 of 34 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 35 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 185

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Birkenaes, A. B., Opjordsmoen, S., Brunborg, C., Engh, J. A., Jonsdottir, H., Ringen, P. A., Simonsen, C., Vaskinn, A., Birkeland, K. I., Friis, S., Sundet, K., & Andreassen, O. A.
Affiliations
Oslo University Hospital (NO)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
Publisher
Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc
Published
2007-06-15
Volume
68
Issue
06
Pages
917-923
ISSN
0160-6689 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.4088/jcp.v68n0614
OpenAlex
W2055786778
Cited by
185
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 17
FWCI
10.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, cardiovascular risk factors, smoking, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes mellitus, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure
MeSH terms
Adult, Bipolar Disorder, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Norway, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Smoking, Prevalence, Metabolic Syndrome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review