Polypharmacy among the elderly
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Older people are at risk for polypharmacy due to multiple chronic diseases. Considering the lack of information in this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the state of polypharmacy among the elderly in the city of Amirkola in northern part of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ≤ 0.05 was regarded significant. RESULTS: In this study, 1616 individuals including 883 men (54.6%) and 733 women (45.3%) were investigated. The average age of individuals was 69.37 ± 7.42. Among the investigated individuals, 526 including 368 men (41.7%) and 158 women (21.6%) consumed no medications. The prevalence of polypharmacy in this study was 23.1%, which was 32.7% in women and 15.2% in men (odds ratio = 1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.10-1.93). The most prevalent group of medications used in both genders was cardiovascular drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Regarding the considerable prevalence of polypharmacy among the elderly, especially in aged women, serious efforts are required to manage polypharmacy. Provision of educational programs for physicians, personnel of pharmacies, and the staff of health-care centers in order for appropriate and safe consumption of medications in aged people is absolutely necessary.
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The effectiveness of the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway may be limited by alterations to the oral microbiome, reduced salivary flow, chronic diseases, polypharmacy and declining renal function, which affect nitrate clearance.
“the effectiveness of this pathway may be limited by alterations to the oral microbiome, reduced salivary flow, chronic diseases, polypharmacy and declining renal function, which affect nitrate clearance [23,222,235,236,237].”
From Dietary Nitrate-Rich Vegetables as Natural Modulators of Health: Mechanisms and Benefits in Ageing Populations (2026) · cites this paper as [235]
The Introduction and Results discuss polypharmacy and its association with chronic disease in older adults, but do not address whether either limits the nitrate–nitrite–NO pathway. A search for the pathway, oral microbiome, salivary flow, and nitrate clearance found no passage speaking to that claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Zabihi, A., Hosseini, S., Jafarian Amiri, S., & Bijani, A.
- Affiliations
- Babol University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Zabihi, Ali
- Venue
- Journal of Mid-life Health
- Published
- 2018
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 97
- ISSN
- 0976-7800 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6006800
- OpenAlex
- W2808624124
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Journal of Mid-life Health (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacy and Medical Practices
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Keywords
- polypharmacy, older adults, prevalence, cardiovascular drugs, chronic disease, sex differences, drug safety
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