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Qualitative Research in Counselling and Psychotherapy
Abstract
Qualitative Inquiry and the Reconstruction of Counselling and Psychotherapy The Relevance and Contribution of Hermeneutics The Phenomenological Approach Hermeneutics and Phenomenology The Core of Qualitative Method Ethnographic Approaches to Research in Counselling and Psychotherapy Using Grounded Theory The Analysis of Conversation, Discourse and Narrative Qualitative Inquiry as Bricolage How to Do Qualitative Research The Role of Qualitative Research Methods in Outcome Research Critical Issues in the Use of Qualitative Inquiry
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“An important strength is that we used a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in order to examine the phenomenon of remission and the perceived reasons for positive and negative outcome [46].”
From Helpful and hindering factors for remission in dysthymia and panic disorder at 9-year follow-up: A mixed methods study (2008) · cites this paper as [46]
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Items 701–800 of 998
Mohamed, N. (2021) · Journal of Underrepresented & Minority Progress · doi:10.32674/jump.v5i1.2579 · Cited by 1
“Founded by German philosopher Edmund Husserl (Spinelli, 1989), phenomenology is considered a vital philosophy when researching to discover individuals’ personal experiences (McLeod, 2001).”
BackgroundTufail, S., Khan, J. S., Baqai, S. M., & Mustafa, N. (2021) · Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal · doi:10.51253/pafmj.v71i4.3896 · Cited by 2
Psychotherapists’ experience of the transition to telepsychotherapy amidst COVID-19 in India
Emran, A., Smith, J. A., & Iqbal, N. (2022) · Counselling Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1080/09515070.2022.2093164 · Cited by 1
“It was done to ensure that the first author’s pre-existing expectations or assumptions did not influence the analysis (McLeod, 2011).”
BackgroundLessons related to Heavy Metal Pollution through Minamata Case Narrative Study
Susdarwono, E. T. (2022) · Jurnal Pendidikan LLDIKTI Wilayah 1 (JUDIK) · doi:10.54076/judik.v2i02.225 · Cited by 1
Wan, J. (2023) · Person-Centered & Experiential Psychotherapies · doi:10.1080/14779757.2023.2264944 · Cited by 1
“(McLeod, 2001, Chapter 1) I believe in theoretical and clinical pluralism as expressed in ‘letting a thousand flowers bloom at once’ (Elliott & Greenberg, 2021).”
Leteurtre, C., Cocking, C., & Novelli, D. (2023) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2023.2297290 · Cited by 1
“…and fluidity of CL social identity was acknowledged throughout the research journey by the adoption of consistent critical reflexivity (Braun and Clarke, 2013) where the “ idea of reflexivity implies a certain capacity for ‘bending back’ or ‘turning back’ one’s awareness on oneself” (McLeod, 2011).”
Foote, C. R. (2024) · International Journal of Transactional Analysis Research & Practice · doi:10.29044/v15i2p3 · Cited by 1
Experiences With Online Mutual Support Groups for Problematic Drinking
Sousa, J., Huskamp, H. A., Mehrotra, A., et al. (2025) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.20240551 · Cited by 1
Khan, N., Fox, S., & Glorney, E. (2025) · Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/1467-6427.70000 · Cited by 1
Mathematics education, anti-Black racism, and affirmative action in Brazilian higher education
da Silva, G. H. G. (2025) · International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/0020739x.2025.2580960 · Cited by 1
Latzer, Y., Shklarski, L., Spivak-Lavi, Z., et al. (2025) · Clinical Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10615-025-01015-7 · Cited by 1
“The interviewers were experienced psychotherapists (McLeod, 2001).”
Shklarski, L., Latzer, Y., Spivak‐Lavi, Z., & Tosone, C. (2026) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.70132 · Cited by 1
Nielsen, M., Thomsen, L. H., Hybel, K. A., Nissen, J. B., Christensen, A. B., Thomsen, P. H., Højgaard, D. R. M. A., & Jensen, S. (2026) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-026-08003-2 · Cited by 1
Iberni, E., Crisafulli, V., & Coro, A. D. (2007) · IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) · Cited by 1
The Integration of Spirituality in the Practice of Christian Counselling
Chant, V. A. (2011) · Cited by 1
Stamp, R., & Loewenthal, D. (2008) · Counselling Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1080/09515070802602138 · Cited by 1
“Giorgi’s description of ‘‘Empirical Phenomenological Research’’ (Giorgi, Fischer & Von Eckartsberg, 1979; see also Colaizzi, 1973; McLeod, 2001, p. 41; Van Kaam, 1966; Fisher in Valle & King, 1978, pp. 166–181) seemed to fulfil the immediate requirements.”
MethodCommunicative practices in talking about death and dying in the context of Thai cancer care
Wilainuch, P. (2014) · Communication & Medicine · doi:10.1558/cam.v10i3.263 · Cited by 1
The Problem with Pleasure: Part II. The Research
Migdow, J. S. (2011) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1080/15299732.2011.601732 · Cited by 1
Donovan, E. A. (2013) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 1
Shaw, A. (2014) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069885.2014.896453 · Cited by 1
“Questions arising during this process were explored via email and included in the analysis as additional data sources where appropriate (McLeod, 2001).”
MethodAspectos metodológicos de la investigación de la psicoterapia: Panorama histórico
Sales, C. M. D. (2009) · Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría · doi:10.4321/s0211-57352009000200007 · Cited by 4
Strait, J. R. (2013) · Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania) · Cited by 1
Introduction: Discourse and the social construction of meaning in therapy
McLeod, J. (2001) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/14733140112331385070 · Cited by 1
Self-citationArts Therapies And Psychotherapy Training: An International Survey
Payne, H. (2002) · University of Hertfordshire Research Archive (University of Hertfordshire) · Cited by 1
Stevens, A. M. (2010) · Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy · doi:10.14288/1.0053811 · Cited by 1
“Initially, the responses to the open-ended questions from the interviews were divided into domains for each participant (McLeod, 2001).”
BackgroundMethodTransformational leadership and generativity: A narrative exploration
Bell, C. (2007) · Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) · doi:10.25916/sut.26286520 · Cited by 1
The Language of Resistance in a Counselling Group: Dynamics of Authority and Power
Kit, P. L., Wong, S. S., D'Rozario, V., et al. (2014) · Group Analysis · doi:10.1177/0533316414545307i · Cited by 1
“In order to understand how language can be used in interaction patterns to build resistance in clients, we chose to use the qualitative method of conversation analysis (CA) to examine how therapists and clients organise and negotiate the content and process of their dialogues, so as to generate and convey new understa…”
MethodTomicic, A., Martìnez, C., Chacón, L. D., et al. (2011) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 1
Qualitative Methods for the Analysis of Verbal Interactions in Psychotherapy
Wynn, R., & Bergvik, S. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6807-4_11 · Cited by 1
Hurtel, B., & Chevalier, J. (2016) · Approches inductives Travail intellectuel et construction des connaissances · doi:10.7202/1037916ar · Cited by 1
An exploratory study of psychodynamic therapists’ working with people with multiple sclerosis
Muston, C. (2017) · Psychodynamic Practice · doi:10.1080/14753634.2017.1306792 · Cited by 1
“Validity was ensured by drawing on Stiles (in McLeod, 2001, p. 97) criteria for evaluating qualitative research.”
MethodThe Positive Experiences of Becoming a Psychologist: A Master’s Student’s Journey
Nel, L., & Fouché, P. (2017) · Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology · doi:10.1080/20797222.2017.1299284 · Cited by 1
“Given that a central focus of phenomenology is on how the individual perceives the world (McLeod, 2011), the participant’s own account of being a master’s student in a professional psychology training programme was therefore documented and analysed.”
BackgroundNARCISISTINIŲ ASMENYBIŲ SANTYKIO SU AUTORITETU PATYRIMAS: KOKYBINĖ ANALIZĖ
Petronytė-Kvedarauskienė, D., & Gudaitė, G. (2018) · Sveikatos mokslai · doi:10.5200/sm-hs.2018.007 · Cited by 1
Topic-focused analysis in a case of integrative psychotherapy with a father fearing his own anger
Reichelt, S., Skjerve, J., & McLeod, J. (2018) · European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling · doi:10.1080/13642537.2018.1459769 · Cited by 1
“Lately the concept of pluralism (Cooper & McLeod, 2011) has attracted some interest within this professional community.”
BackgroundSelf-citationReviewing Empirical Examples of Health Research Using Naturally Occurring Data
Kiyimba, N., Lester, J. N., & O’Reilly, M. J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94839-3_12 · Cited by 1
Delderfield, R. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-02535-9_1 · Cited by 1
The Meaning of the Protection Order for Abused Women in Israel
Buchbinder, E. (2020) · Journal of Social Service Research · doi:10.1080/01488376.2019.1711294 · Cited by 1
Lübcke, S., Mußél, F., & Franz, A. (2018) · International Dialogues on Education Journal · doi:10.53308/ide.v5i2.73 · Cited by 1
When One Size Doesn’t Fit All: Some effects and consequences of short contract student counselling
Gavin, B. (2020) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12349 · Cited by 1
Matemba, S. R. M., Cianelli, R., McCabe, B. E., & Chilemba, E. B. (2021) · Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services · doi:10.1080/15381501.2021.1900975 · Cited by 1
Solution-Focused Therapy through the Lens of Discourse Analysis
Zatloukal, L., & Wiesner, A. (2021) · Journal of Constructivist Psychology · doi:10.1080/10720537.2021.1955780 · Cited by 1
“Discourse analyses are established research methods that faciliate the examination of therapeutic conversations and their contexts (McLeod, 2011).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialHope Building and Surviving Domestic Violence: Childhood Experiences
Day, A., & Goel, K. (2015) · International Journal of Social Work and Human Services Practice · doi:10.13189/ijrh.2015.030103 · Cited by 2
“This qualitative study used an interpretive/phenomenological approach for the purpose of gaining rich data and an understanding of the meanings that participants attach to their experiences of DV and becoming resilient (Creswell, 2007; Duffy & Chenail, 2008; McLeod, 2001; Neuman 2011).”
MethodInternal and External Validity
Kazdin, A. E. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108993647.003 · Cited by 1
Rosal, J. L., & Al‐Delaimy, W. K. (2022) · International Journal of Systemic Therapy · doi:10.1080/2692398x.2022.2055430 · Cited by 1
“A qualitative methodology based in phenomenological understanding seeks to understand ‘people’s everyday experience of reality, in great detail, so as to gain an understanding of the phenomenon in question (McLeod, 2001).’”
MethodMohamed, N. (2022) · Journal of Underrepresented & Minority Progress · doi:10.32674/jump.v6i2.4164 · Cited by 1
“Founded by German philosopher Edmund Husserl (Spinelli, 2005), phenomenology is considered a vital philosophy when researching to discover individuals’ personal experiences (McLeod, 2012).”
BackgroundUsing Film as an Active Instructional Tool in Teaching and Learning in Kenyan Secondary Schools
Kebaya, C., & Mokaya, G. K. (2023) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-6586-8.ch005 · Cited by 1
11. Opgaveglidning og ansvarsforskydning i konkurrencestaten
Oute, J., & Glasdam, S. (2022) · Fagbokforlaget eBooks · doi:10.55669/oa200911 · Cited by 2
Counselling without boundaries
Edah, R. (2023) · Psychotherapy and Politics International · doi:10.24135/ppi.v21i1and2.07 · Cited by 1
Namiki, T. (2023) · Person-Centered & Experiential Psychotherapies · doi:10.1080/14779757.2023.2238032 · Cited by 1
“For example, I reviewed a summary of statements, the concept of person-centered therapy related to the statements, the participant’s facial expressions and the way they spoke, and added my comments next to the segments of the transcripts (McLeod, 2011).”
MethodA pilot qualitative study of a person-centered approach to eating distress in women
Lakin, J., & Murphy, D. (2023) · Person-Centered & Experiential Psychotherapies · doi:10.1080/14779757.2023.2273474 · Cited by 1
“It could be argued that this, along with the size of the sample, poses a challenge in the ability to generalize these findings to a wider population (McLeod, 2011).”
Sousa, F. M. D. D. D., Banbury, S. A., Phillips, O., & Lusher, J. M. (2024) · World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews · doi:10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.1.0115 · Cited by 1
“The exclusion criteria were applied to participants falling outside the criteria, such as if counselling psychologists had never engaged in supervision or practice with BAME individuals and understood the meaning ascribed by the individual experiencing them (28).”
BackgroundSchindler, M., & Alon, S. (2024) · Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law · doi:10.1080/01913123.2024.2306059 · Cited by 1
“One of the basic assertions of this approach is that there is no single truth, but multiple perspectives of reality (McLeod 2001).”
BackgroundCareer agency of immigrants participating in employment interventions in Norway
Khoronzhevych, M., & Eriksson, R. (2024) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069885.2024.2396115 · Cited by 1
O'Brien, P. (2012) · PubMed · doi:10.15123/pub.1453 · Cited by 1
“Discussion of this phenomenon and how it is managed is referred to as reflexivity (McLeod, 2001).”
BackgroundReview of Parental and School Climate Factors Instrument for Secondary Schools in Nigeria
Inuwa, A. M., Yusof, N. B. M., & Saibon, J. (2014) · Journals & Books Hosting (International Knowledge Sharing Platform) · Cited by 1
Counsellors becoming counsellor educators: a New Zealand example
Crocket, K., & Kotzé, E. (2012) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069885.2012.678288 · Cited by 1
“The small qualitative study we report on here is based on approaches to knowledge production that are local, contextual and modest (McLeod, 2001) and that foster a theorised transposing of practice between research and counselling (see, e.g., Crocket, 2004; Speedy, 2008).”
BackgroundPENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MATAKULIAH RISET KUALITATIF UNTUK MAHASISWA BIMBINGAN KONSELING
Mappiare-AT, A., & Faridati-Zen, E. (2015) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.17977/jip.v20i2.4619 · Cited by 1
Min, R. M. (2012) · The European Journal of Social & Behavioural Sciences · doi:10.15405/futureacademy/ejsbs(2301-2218).2012.3.8 · Cited by 1
Researching Therapy, Culture and Spirituality
Nolan, G., & West, W. (2015) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137370433_16 · Cited by 1
Counselling in India: An Introduction to the Volume
Sriram, S. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0584-8_1 · Cited by 1
Empirical Examples: Language, Mental Health, and Therapeutic Approaches
O’Reilly, M. J., & Lester, J. N. (2017) · The Language of Mental Health · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60095-6_9 · Cited by 1
Child Sexual Abuse and Molestation: The Spiral of Sexual Abuse
Sullivan, J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61625-4_15 · Cited by 1
Explorations in body consciousness
Staunton, T. (2008) · Self & Society · doi:10.1080/03060497.2008.11084027 · Cited by 1
Enacting embodied memory theater in an intuitive inquiry study of therapeutic space for the dying.
Kelly, D. (2018) · The Humanistic Psychologist · doi:10.1037/hum0000116 · Cited by 1
Hamilton, P., & Morgan, G. (2018) · Educational and Child Psychology · doi:10.53841/bpsecp.2018.35.1.80 · Cited by 1
Cranbourne‐Rosser, M., Campbell, M., Pilkington, L., & Carthy, N. (2020) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12338 · Cited by 1
IMPLEMENTATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA
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Postmodern Bases for a Politically Reflective Psychotherapy
Llorens, M. (2020) · Latin American voices · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-57792-6_6 · Cited by 1
Personality identity in the terms of virtualization of being
Ryabikina, Z. I., Bogomolova, E., & Ozhigova, L. N. (2020) · E3S Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202021020016 · Cited by 1
The Change Process: Clients' Perspectives and Understanding of Change During Psychological Therapy
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Ramadhani, R. P., Hafsah, S., & Prautomo, A. (2019) · Prologue Journal on Language and Literature · Cited by 1
Forman, S., & Andrews, K. (2021) · Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Student Services Association · doi:10.30688/janzssa.2021.1.03 · Cited by 1
Case-Control and Cohort Designs
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Null Hypothesis Significance Testing
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Leading Systems Change to Support Autistic Students
Martin, R. J., Kleinert, W. L., Weddle, S. A., et al. (2023) · Issues in clinical child psychology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-20006-9_17 · Cited by 1
Giannouli, V. (2023) · Psychology & Psychological Research International Journal · doi:10.23880/pprij-16000370
Waring, S. (2012) · University of Liverpool · doi:10.17638/00005275 · Cited by 1
Revington, N. (2009) · University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg) · Cited by 1
Duff, T. (2014) · UC Research Repository (University of Canterbury) · doi:10.26021/9836 · Cited by 1
Reel Deans : The Portrayal of Higher-Education Administrators in American Films
Hess, J. T. (2012) · University of North Florida Digital Commons (University of North Florida) · Cited by 1
Kelly, J. (2015) · Cross Connect (Southern Cross University) · Cited by 1
Ethical complaints. Towards a best practice for psychotherapy and counselling organisations
Rogers, A. E. (2013) · Middlesex University Research Repository (Middlesex University Of London) · Cited by 1
Bruland, L. L. (2012) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives · Cited by 1
The body in therapy : experiences of Sensorimotor Psychotherapy
Dinas, S. (2012) · Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham) · Cited by 1
Counselling Psychology Legal Regulatory Framework in Kenya
Wango, G. M. (2011) · University of Nairobi Research Archive (University of Nairobi) · Cited by 1
Support for parents of gifted and talented children in the western region of Melbourne
Free, S.-A. (2014) · Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) · Cited by 1
Clare, S. (2014) · Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology) · Cited by 1
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Thompson, A. (2013) · TRAP@NCI (National College of Ireland) · Cited by 1
Maltby, M. (2009) · Create (Canterbury Christ Church University) · Cited by 1
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Johnson, J. J., & Swinton, V. (2013) · ChesterRep (University of Chester) · Cited by 1
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Metadata
- Authors
- McLeod, J.
- Corresponding author
- McLeod, John
- Venue
- SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Published
- 2001
- OpenAlex
- W1505468096
- Cited by
- 1,166
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 58 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 55 · 2014: 83 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 70
- FWCI
- 50.20
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
- Keywords
- qualitative research, counseling, psychotherapy, hermeneutics, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, conversation analysis, discourse analysis, narrative analysis, bricolage, outcomes research
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