Changes in glucose tolerance with metformin treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome: A retrospective analysis
Abstract
Objective To determine whether treatment with metformin would prevent progression to glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of women treated for PCOS during a 5-year period. Eligibility criteria included exclusion of diabetes at baseline by an oral glucose tolerance test, treatment with metformin, and a repeated oral glucose tolerance test after at least 1 year of metformin therapy. Fifty women with PCOS fulfilled the eligibility criteria.Results At baseline, 11 women (22%) had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 39 (78%) had normal glucose tolerance (NGT). After treatment with metformin, IGT persisted in 5 (45%) of the 11 women who had IGT at baseline, whereas 6 (55%) had reversion to NGT. During a mean treatment period of 43.3 months, 2 (5%) of the 39 women with baseline NGT had conversion to IGT, resulting in an annual conversion rate from NGT to IGT of 1.4%. In comparison with the 16% to 19% annual conversion rate reported in the literature, metformin treatment in this study resulted in an 11-fold decrease in the annual conversion rate from NGT to IGT (P = 0.01). None of the 50 women developed diabetes.Conclusion The findings of this retrospective study suggest that long-term treatment with metformin delays or prevents the development of IGT and type 2 diabetes in women with PCOS.
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In a retrospective study of 50 patients with PCOS without diabetes at baseline treated with metformin, 5.1% converted from normal glucose tolerance to impaired glucose tolerance and 55% reversed from impaired glucose tolerance to normal glucose tolerance.
“Only 5.1% of patients converted from normal glucose tolerance to IGT and 55% reversed from IGT to normal glucose tolerance.”
From From Prediabetes to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle and Pharmacological Management (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
In the nonreversed impaired glucose tolerance patients in that retrospective study, the 2-hour plasma glucose level significantly decreased from 164 mg/dl to 135 mg/dl.
“However, in the group of nonreversed IGT patients, there was an overall improvement of the OGTT which significantly decreased from 164 mg/dl to 135 mg/dl in the 2-hour plasma glucose level.”
From From Prediabetes to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle and Pharmacological Management (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Sharma, S. T., Wickham, E. P., & Nestler, J. E.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nestler, John E.
- ORCID
- Sharma, Susmeeta T.
- Venue
- Endocrine Practice
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-07
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 373-379
- ISSN
- 1530-891X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1974272787
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 6.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Endocrine Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Keywords
- metformin, polycystic ovary syndrome, glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes prevention, oral glucose tolerance test, women
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Contraceptives, Oral, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin Resistance, Metformin, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Treatment Outcome, Glucose Intolerance
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