Cited by 195Diabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes Management and EducationDiabetes Treatment and Management

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Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Consensus Conference of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology

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Fonseca, Vivian A., Grunberger, George, Anhalt, Henry, Bailey, Timothy S., Blevins, Thomas, Garg, Satish K., Handelsman, Yehuda, Hirsch, Irl B., Orzeck, Eric A., Roberts, Victor Lawrence, Tamborlane, William·2016·Endocrine Practice

DOI 10.4158/ep161392.cs

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Abstract

Objective/methods Barriers to continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) use continue to hamper adoption of this valuable technology for the management of diabetes. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinology convened a public consensus conference February 20, 2016, to review available CGM data and propose strategies for expanding CGM access.Results Conference participants agreed that evidence supports the benefits of CGM in type 1 diabetes and that these benefits are likely to apply whenever intensive insulin therapy is used, regardless of diabetes type. CGM is likely to reduce healthcare resource utilization for acute and chronic complications, although real-world analyses are needed to confirm potential cost savings and quality of life improvements. Ongoing technological advances have improved CGM accuracy and usability, but more innovations in human factors, data delivery, reporting, and interpretation are needed to foster expanded use. The development of a standardized data report using similar metrics across all devices would facilitate clinician and patient understanding and utilization of CGM. Expanded CGM coverage by government and private payers is an urgent need.Conclusion CGM improves glycemic control, reduces hypoglycemia, and may reduce overall costs of diabetes management. Expanding CGM coverage and utilization is likely to improve the health outcomes of people with diabetes.Abbreviations A1C = glycated hemoglobin AACE = American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists ACE = American College of Endocrinology ASPIRE = Automation to Simulate Pancreatic Insulin Response CGM = continuous glucose monitoring HRQOL = health-related quality of life ICER = incremental cost-effectiveness ratio JDRF = Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation MARD = mean absolute relative difference MDI = multiple daily injections QALY = quality-adjusted life years RCT = randomized, controlled trial SAP = sensor-augmented pump SMBG = self-monitoring of blood glucose STAR = Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy for A1C Reduction T1D = type 1 diabetes T2D = type 2 diabetes.

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Background
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Self-citation
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Background
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Authors: Fonseca, V. A., Grunberger, G., Anhalt, H., Bailey, T. S., Blevins, T., Garg, S. K., Handelsman, Y., Hirsch, I. B., Orzeck, E. A., Roberts, V. L., & Tamborlane, W.
Affiliations: Tulane University (US)
Oakland University (US)
T1D Exchange (US)
University of California San Diego (US)
Texas Diabetes & Endocrinology (US)
University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
University of Washington (US)
University of Central Florida (US)
Yale University (US)
ORCID: Fonseca, Vivian A.
Grunberger, George
Bailey, Timothy S.
Blevins, Thomas
Garg, Satish K.
Handelsman, Yehuda
Hirsch, Irl B.
Tamborlane, William
Venue: Endocrine Practice
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-08
Volume: 22
Issue: 8
Pages: 1008-1021
ISSN: 1530-891X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.4158/ep161392.cs
OpenAlex: W2406099149
Cited by: 195
References: 68
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 2
FWCI: 33.47
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
stars.library.ucf.edu
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Endocrine Practice (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords: continuous glucose monitoring, diabetes management, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, intensive insulin therapy, glycemic control, hypoglycemia, healthcare resource utilization, cost-effectiveness, insurance coverage, sensor-augmented pump therapy, self-monitoring of blood glucose, health-related quality of life
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Endocrinology, Humans, Quality of Life, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Consensus

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Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Consensus Conference of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology

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