Cited by 127FOXO transcription factor regulationLipid metabolism and disordersDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

FoxO1 integrates insulin signaling to VLDL production.

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Kamagate, Adama, Dong, H. Henry·2008·Cell Cycle

Abstract

Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) are triglyceride-rich particles. VLDL is synthesized in hepatocytes and secreted from the liver in a pathway that is tightly regulated by insulin. Hepatic VLDL production is stimulated in response to reduced insulin action, resulting in increased release of VLDL into the blood under fasting conditions. Circulating VLDL serves as a vehicle for transporting lipids to peripheral tissues for energy homeostasis. Conversely, hepatic VLDL production is suppressed in response to increased insulin release after meals. This effect is critical for preventing prolonged excursion of postprandial plasma lipid profiles in normal individuals. In subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes, the ability of insulin to regulate VLDL production becomes impaired due to insulin resistance in the liver, resulting in excessive VLDL secretion and accumulation of triglyceride-rich particles in the blood. Such abnormality in lipid metabolism characterizes the pathogenesis of hypertriglyceridemia and accounts for increased risk of coronary artery disease in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, the molecular basis that links insulin resistance to VLDL overproduction remains poorly understood. Our recent studies illustrate that the forkhead transcription factor FoxO1 acts in the liver to integrate hepatic insulin action to VLDL production. Augmented FoxO1 activity in insulin resistant livers promotes hepatic VLDL overproduction and predisposes to the development of hypertriglyceridemia. These new findings raise an important question: Is FoxO1 a therapeutic target for ameliorating hypertriglyceridemia? Here we discuss this question in the context of recent advances toward our understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertriglyceridemia.

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  • Hepatic insulin resistance may contribute to a high production rate of VLDL because insulin reduces apoB synthesis and VLDL secretion in the liver.

    “Hepatic insulin resistance may contribute to a high production rate of VLDL because insulin reduces apoB synthesis and VLDL secretion in the liver (66, 67).”

    From Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2012) · cites this paper as [67]

    The sections “Insulin Regulation of VLDL Production” and “Hepatic Regulation of apoB Expression” say that insulin suppresses hepatic VLDL production and apoB expression, and that insulin resistance contributes to VLDL overproduction. The copy describes insulin’s effect on apoB chiefly through increased degradation and reduced secretion; it does not establish reduced apoB synthesis specifically. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  1. [68]Taghibiglou C Carpentier A Van Iderstine SC Chen B Rudy D Aiton A Lewis GF Adeli K Mechanisms of hepatic very low density lipoprotein overproduction in insulin resistance. Evidence for enhanced lipoprotein assembly, reduced intracellular ApoB degradation, and increased microsomal triglyceride transfer protein in a fructose-fed hamster model J Biol Chem 2000 275 8416 25 10722675

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Authors
Kamagate, A., & Dong, H. H.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
Venue
Cell Cycle
Published
2008-10-15
Volume
7
Issue
20
Pages
3162-3170
ISSN
  • 1538-4101 (ISSN-L)
  • 1551-4005
OpenAlex
W2051781840
Cited by
127
References
158
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
FWCI
1.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell Cycle (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • American Diabetes Association
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK066301, R01DK066301)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › FOXO transcription factor regulation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
FOXO1, insulin signaling, VLDL production, hepatic insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, hepatic lipid metabolism, type 2 diabetes, obesity, forkhead transcription factor, therapeutic target
MeSH terms
Forkhead Box Protein O1, Animals, Apolipoproteins B, Cell Line, Humans, Insulin, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Liver, Hypertriglyceridemia, Signal Transduction, Forkhead Transcription Factors

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