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In vivo dynamics of innate immune sentinels in the CNS
Open accessAbstract
The innate immune system is comprised of cellular sentinels that often serve as the first responders to injury and invading pathogens. Our basic understanding of innate immunity is derived from research conducted in peripheral lymphoid tissues. However, it is now recognized that most non-lymphoid tissues throughout the body are equipped with specialized innate immune cells that are uniquely adapted to the niches in which they reside. The central nervous system (CNS) is a particularly interesting compartment because it contains a population of post-mitotic cells (neurons) that are intolerant of robust, cytopathic inflammatory responses observed in many peripheral tissues. Thus, evolutionary adaptations have fitted the CNS with a unique array of innate immune sentinels that facilitate the development of local inflammatory responses but attempt to do so in a manner that preserves the integrity of its post-mitotic residents. Interestingly, studies have even suggested that CNS resident innate immune cells contribute to the homeostasis of this compartment and promote neural activity. In this review we discuss recent advances in our understanding of CNS innate immune sentinels and how novel imaging approaches such as intravital two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) have shed light on these cells during states of health and disease.
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“Immune surveillance and the initiation of CNS immune responses is dependent on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that reside alongside important barriers such as perivascular spaces, leptomeningeal vessels, the choroid plexus, and the subarachnoid space (65-68).”
From The anatomy and immunology of vasculature in the central nervous system (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nayak, D., Zinselmeyer, B. H., Corps, K. N., & McGavern, D. B.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- McGavern, Dorian B.
- Venue
- IntraVital
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 95-106
- ISSN
- 2165-9079 (ISSN-L)
- 2165-9087
- PMC
- PMC3784260
- OpenAlex
- W1965769215
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 3.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- IntraVital (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (ZIANS003112)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- innate immunity, central nervous system, neuroinflammation, intravital imaging, two-photon microscopy, CNS homeostasis, neuroimmune interactions, postmitotic neurons, neuroinflammation imaging
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