Metformin Treatment Was Associated with Decreased Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes in a Retrospective Analysis
Open accessAbstract
Metformin was proposed to be a candidate for host-directed therapy for COVID-19. However, its efficacy remains to be validated. In this study, we compared the outcome of metformin users and nonusers in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with diabetes. Hospitalized diabetic patients with confirmed COVID-19 in the Tongji Hospital of Wuhan, China, from January 27, 2020 to March 24, 2020, were grouped into metformin and no-metformin groups according to the diabetic medications used. The demographics, characteristics, laboratory parameters, treatments, and clinical outcome in these patients were retrospectively assessed. A total of 283 patients (104 in the metformin and 179 in the no-metformin group) were included in this study. There were no significant differences between the two groups in gender, age, underlying diseases, clinical severity, and oxygen-support category at admission. The fasting blood glucose level of the metformin group was higher than that of the no-metformin group at admission and was under effective control in both groups after admission. Other laboratory parameters at admission and treatments after admission were not different between the two groups. The length of hospital stay did not differ between the two groups (21.0 days for metformin versus 19.5 days for no metformin, P = 0.74). However, in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the metformin group (3/104 (2.9%) versus 22/179 (12.3%), P = 0.01). Antidiabetic treatment with metformin was associated with decreased mortality compared with diabetics not receiving metformin. This retrospective analysis suggests that metformin may offer benefits in patients with COVID-19 and that further study is indicated.
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Metformin has additional benefit for conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome, atherosclerosis, cancer, COVID-19, and obesity.
“Aside from its anti-hyperglycemic effects, metformin has an additional benefit for conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome, atherosclerosis, cancer, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and obesity (7–14).”
From GDF-15 as a Weight Watcher for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic People Treated With Metformin (2020) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Luo, P., Qiu, L., Liu, Y., Liu, X.-L., Zheng, J.-L., Xue, H.-Y., Liu, W.-H., Liu, D., & Li, J.
- Affiliations
- Tongji Hospital (CN)
- Clinical Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Yi
- Liu, Xiu-lan
- Liu, Dong
- Li, Juan
- Venue
- The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Published
- 2020-07-08
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 69-72
- ISSN
- 0002-9637 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-1645
- PMC
- PMC7356425
- OpenAlex
- W3027187955
- Cited by
- 259
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 83 · 2020: 55
- FWCI
- 7.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Keywords
- metformin, COVID-19 pandemic, diabetes mellitus, in-hospital mortality, antidiabetic therapy, hospitalized patients, host-directed therapy, length of hospital stay
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Aged, China, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Length of Stay, Male, Metformin, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Viral, Retrospective Studies, Hospital Mortality, Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics
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