Anxiety, Distress, and Turnover Intention of Healthcare Workers in Peru by Their Distance to the Epicenter during the COVID-19 Crisis
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We conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the anxiety, distress, and turnover intention (likelihood to leave their current job) of healthcare workers in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results reported that 21.7% healthcare workers in Peru experienced severe anxiety, whereas 26.1% of them experienced severe mental distress. A higher level of education related with a lower level of anxiety. Younger workers had a higher level of turnover intention than their older colleagues did. Healthcare workers in the private sector had a higher turnover intention than those in the public sector. Most importantly, people who were geographically far from Lima, the epicenter in Peru, during the outbreak experienced less anxiety and mental distress, corroborating the ripple effect and disconfirming the typhoon eye theory. However, the direction of these relationships can change depending on the type of institutions (public versus private) and the type of employees' contract (full time versus part time). Our research helps provide insights for clinical professionals in identifying the vulnerable groups to mental disorders in Peru. This is the first study to assess anxiety, mental distress, and turnover intention in healthcare workers in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Younger healthcare workers were more prone to experiencing turnover intention in Peru.
“this was in contrast to findings in a study from Peru [67], which reported that younger HCWs were more prone to experiencing turnover intention.”
From A global overview of healthcare workers’ turnover intention amid COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review with future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [67]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Yáñez, J. A., Afshar Jahanshahi, A., Alvarez-Risco, A., Li, J., & Zhang, S. X.
- Affiliations
- Peruvian University of Applied Sciences (PE)
- CENTRUM Católica Graduate Business School (CCGBS), Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Peru (PUCP), Lima, Peru;
- Carrera de Negocios Internacionales, Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Economicas, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru;
- Tsinghua University (CN)
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Yáñez, Jaime A.
- Li, Jizhen
- Venue
- The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- Published
- 2020-10-07
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1614-1620
- ISSN
- 0002-9637 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-1645
- PMC
- PMC7543861
- OpenAlex
- W3058783962
- Cited by
- 200
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 17.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Tsinghua University (TISD201904, COVID-19)
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers, anxiety, psychological distress, turnover intention, Lima, public-private comparison, part-time work, Peru
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, Psychological Distress, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Anxiety, Cross-Sectional Studies, Educational Status, Female, Geography, Health Personnel, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Personnel Turnover, Peru, Pneumonia, Viral, Severity of Illness Index, Coronavirus Infections, Intention, Pandemics
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