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Cited by 80Occupational Therapy Practice and ResearchPsychiatric care and mental health servicesSchizophrenia research and treatment

Daily time use as a measure of community adjustment for persons served by assertive community treatment teams

Krupa, Terry, McLean, Heather, Eastabrook, Shirley, Bonham, Alison, Baksh, LeeAnn·2003·American Journal of Occupational Therapy
DOI 10.5014/ajot.57.5.558
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Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine daily time use of clients of Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) as a measure of their community adjustment and well-being. The actual daily time use of ACT clients in the four categories of personal care, productivity, leisure, and sleep were compared to the data for Canadian population norms. METHOD: Daily time use data were collected from 27 adult clients from two Assertive Community Treatment Teams in southeastern Ontario using recall time diaries of two weekdays. The data were coded using the Statistics Canada (1999) coding scheme. Descriptive statistics were used to determine time in the major categories of time use and z scores were used to compare the study sample to the adult Canadian population. The percentages of time spent in specific subcategories of activity were also compared. RESULTS: The results indicated an imbalance in occupation with time use dominated by leisure and sleep activities. Study participants spent significantly more time in passive leisure compared to active leisure and socialization. CONCLUSION: The activity patterns of ACT clients were not consistent with those associated with community adjustment, health, and well-being. Occupational therapists working in ACT are in a good position to contribute to the literature regarding occupational performance and mental illness and to lead ACT teams in discussions and practices that may promote health through activity.

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  • Health and well-being concerns about such time use patterns include the limited variety of activities that individuals experience, reduced opportunities for community contributions and participation, weakened social connections and overall social marginalization.

    “Health and well-being concerns about such time use patterns include the limited variety of activities that individuals experience, reduced opportunities for community contributions and participation, weakened social connections and overall social marginalization (17).”

    From Contributions of a time use perspective in community mental health practice: a scoping review (2024) · cites this paper as [17]

  • Time use contributes to understanding how activity patterns are related to community inclusion and adjustment.

    “Time use contributes to understanding how activity patterns are related to community inclusion and adjustment (17).”

    From Contributions of a time use perspective in community mental health practice: a scoping review (2024) · cites this paper as [17]

  • A number of time use studies involving community dwelling people with severe mental illness have reported imbalanced activity patterns that show limited time spent in productive activities and most time spent in sedentary or passive leisure activities, self-care and alone.

    “For instance, a number of time use studies involving community dwelling people with severe mental illness have reported imbalanced activity patterns that show limited time spent in productive activities (such as work, parenting, education) and most time spent in sedentary or passive leisure activities (e.g. watching TV), self-care (e.g. eating and sleeping) and alone (17–20).”

    From Contributions of a time use perspective in community mental health practice: a scoping review (2024) · cites this paper as [17]

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Authors
Krupa, T., McLean, H., Eastabrook, S., Bonham, A., & Baksh, L.
Affiliations
  • Queen's University (CA)
  • Alison Bonham, BSc(OT), OT Reg (Ont), is Occupational Therapist, Lennox and Addington Community Mental Health Program, Napanee, Ontario, Canada. At the time of the study Ms. Bonham was Occupational Therapist, Assertive Community Care Team, Frontenac Community Mental Health Services, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
  • LeeAnn Baksh, BSc(OT), was Occupational Therapist, Assertive Community Care Team, Frontenac Community Mental Health Services, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, at the time of the study
Corresponding author
Krupa, Terry
ORCID
Krupa, Terry
Venue
American Journal of Occupational Therapy
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2003-09
Volume
57
Issue
5
Pages
558-565
ISSN
  • 0272-9490 (ISSN-L)
  • 1943-7676
DOI
10.5014/ajot.57.5.558
OpenAlex
W2020086007
Cited by
80
References
26
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI
3.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • American Journal of Occupational Therapy (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Therapy Practice and Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Keywords
assertive community treatment, daily time use, community adjustment, well-being, mental illness, leisure, sleep, personal care, productivity, time diaries, occupational performance, occupational therapy
MeSH terms
Activities of Daily Living, Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Mental Disorders, Community Mental Health Services, Delivery of Health Care, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Occupational Therapy, Residence Characteristics, Time Management

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