Subjective and objective arousal correspondence and the role of self-monitoring processes in high and low socially anxious youth
Abstract
Previous research found weak correspondence between subjective and objective arousal measures during social-evaluative tasks, particularly in high socially anxious individuals. This study evaluated subjective-objective correspondence in high versus low socially anxious youth (9–17 years). Sixty-six high (HSA; 38 boys and 28 girls) and 61 low (LSA; 37 boys and 24 girls) socially anxious youth participated in a speech task, with a moderately (pre-speech), high (speech), and low anxious (recovery) phase. Subjective experience of nervousness, heart rate and sweaty palms were measured along with salivary cortisol, actual heart rate, and skin conductance. Participants also completed questionnaires measuring 3 self-monitoring variables; self-focused attention, emotional awareness, and negative thoughts. Results showed that HSA participants had exaggerated perceptions of their physiological arousal. However, they did not have weaker subjective-objective correspondence than LSA participants. Correspondence was rather low in both groups. Finally, inclusion of the self-monitoring variables improved the prediction of subjectively experienced arousal in both groups.
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Self-reported measures may be influenced by individuals' self-awareness, social desirability or their ability to discern their own internal state.
“Self-reported measures may be influenced by individuals ' self-awareness, social desir ability or their ability to discern their own internal state (Chambers & Johnston, 2002; Dadds et al., 1998; Miers et al., 2011).”
From Speaking face-to-face with a virtual avatar to reduce anxiety in students who stutter: Tool development and pilot study results. (2026) · cites this paper as Miers et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Miers, A. C., Blöte, A. W., Sumter, S. R., Kallen, V. L., & Westenberg, P. M.
- Affiliations
- Leiden University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Miers, A. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychopathology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-12
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 531-550
- ISSN
- 2043-8087 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2135053830
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- TNO Repository (submittedVersion)
- Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universiteit Leiden
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- social anxiety, self-monitoring, youth, speaking anxiety, heart rate, skin conductance, salivary cortisol, sweating, self-focus, emotional awareness, negative thinking
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