The Analysis of Variance and the Analysis of Causes.
Open accessAbstract
Uploaded by Plazi for TaxoDros. We do not have abstracts.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Even careful control of the environment provides only a partial picture of the genetic contribution to group difference, since it tells us only about the genetic contribution in the environment studied, which may well change or reverse in a different one.
“Even careful control of the environment then provides only a partial picture, since it tells us only about the genetic contribution to group difference in the environment studied, which may well change or reverse in a different one (38).”
From Heritability within groups is uninformative about differences among groups: Cases from behavioral, evolutionary, and statistical genetics (2024) · cites this paper as [38]
The discussion of interacting causes (p. 401) says phenotype depends on genotype–environment interaction, and the conclusion excerpt says a trait with heritability of 1.0 can be altered by an environmental change. These passages support the warning against treating a genetic contribution measured in one environment as fixed, but they do not specifically say that a controlled group difference may reverse in another environment. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kraemer, H. C., Stice, E., Kazdin, A., Offord, D., & Kupfer, D. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.6.848 · Cited by 1,712 · see citing works
Epigenetics and the biological definition of gene×environment interactions
Meaney, M. J. (2010) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01381.x · Cited by 1,239 · see citing works
Can network analysis transform psychopathology?
McNally, R. J. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.06.006 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
Self-organization of cognitive performance.
Van Orden, G. C., Holden, J. G., & Turvey, M. T. (2003) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.3.331 · Cited by 718 · see citing works
EVOLUTIONARY QUANTITATIVE GENETICS: HOW LITTLE DO WE KNOW?
Barton, N. H., & Turelli, M. (1989) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.23.120189.002005 · Cited by 686 · see citing works
Haidt, J., & Joseph, C. (2008) · The Innate Mind, Volume 3 · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195332834.003.0019 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Mental Disorders as Causal Systems: A Network Approach to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
McNally, R. J., Robinaugh, D. J., Wu, G. W. Y., Wang, L., Deserno, M. K., & Borsboom, D. (2015) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614553230 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Epigenetics and the environmental regulation of the genome and its function
Zhang, T.-Y., & Meaney, M. J. (2010) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163625 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
An introduction to Bayesian inference for ecological research and environmental decision-making
Ellison, A. M. (1996) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.2307/2269588 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Natural selection and quantitative genetics of life-history traits in Western women: a twin study
Kirk, K. M., Blomberg, S. P., Duffy, D. L., Heath, A. C., Owens, I. P. F., & Martin, N. G. (2001) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01304.x · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Lubke, G. (2003) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(03)00051-5 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Interpreting polygenic scores, polygenic adaptation, and human phenotypic differences
Rosenberg, N. A., Edge, M. D., Pritchard, J. K., & Feldman, M. W. (2019) · Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health · doi:10.1093/emph/eoy036 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Cost of Defense in the Context of Plant Competition: Brassica rapa May Grow and Defend
Siemens, D. H., Garner, S. H., Mitchell-Olds, T., & Callaway, R. M. (2002) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/2680031 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Schraiber, J. G., & Edge, M. D. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2319496121 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lewontin, R. C.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lewontin, R.C.
- Venue
- Zenodo
- Publisher
- Zenodo
- Published
- 1974
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 3
- OpenAlex
- W3128748819
- Cited by
- 581
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 10.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (cc-by)
- The American Journal of Human Genetics
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Probability and Statistical Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Keywords
- analysis of variance, causes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review