Cited by 215RNA Interference and Gene DeliveryNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryDendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers

Cytotoxic Impacts of Linear and Branched Polyethylenimine Nanostructures in A431 Cells

Open access
Kafil, Vala, Omidi, Yadollah·2011·Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Abstract

Introduction: Polyethylenimine (PEI), as a nonviral cationic polymer, has been widely used as gene delivery nanosystem. Although a number of investigations have highlighted its toxic impacts on target cells through induction of apoptosis/necrosis, still it is essential to look at its structural impacts on target cells. Methods: In this current study, cytogenomic impacts of 25 kD linear and branched PEI (LPEI and BPEI, respectively) in A431 cells are reported to address possible mechanism for induction of apoptosis. At 40-50% confluency, A431 cells were exposed to PEI at a recommended concentration for 4 hr. After 24 hr, to detect apoptosis and DNA damage, the treated cells were subjected to MTT assay, FITC-labeled annexin V flow cytometry and comet assay. Results: Flow cytometry assessments revealed that the BPEI can result in greater internalization than the linear PEI, which also induced greater cytotoxicity. Annexin V assay confirmed early and late apoptosis by BPEI, imposing somewhat DNA damage detected by comet assay. Western blot analysis resulted in induction of Akt-kinase which is possibly one of biomolecules affected by PEI. Conclusion: These results highlight that, despite induction of Akt-kinase, the BPEI can elicit apoptosis in target cells.

Integrity signals

Registry

DataCite · 10.5681/bi.2011.004

Cites

23 of 23 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kafil, V., & Omidi, Y.
Affiliations
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (IR)
Venue
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Publisher
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Published
2011
Volume
1
Issue
1
Pages
23-30
OpenAlex
W2098861374
Cited by
215
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
FWCI
3.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers
Keywords
polyethyleneimine, branched polyethylenimine, linear polyethylenimine, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, A431 cells, DNA damage, Akt kinase, non-viral gene delivery, nanostructured polymers, cellular internalization

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review