Presenting and evaluating qualitative research
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The purpose of this paper is to help authors to think about ways to present qualitative research papers in the American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. It also discusses methods for reviewers to assess the rigour, quality, and usefulness of qualitative research. Examples of different ways to present data from interviews, observations, and focus groups are included. The paper concludes with guidance for publishing qualitative research and a checklist for authors and reviewers.
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In recent years, multiple publications have synthesized quality criteria and recommendations for use by researchers and peer reviewers, often in the form of checklists.
“In recent years, multiple publications have synthesized quality criteria and recommendations for use by researchers and peer reviewers alike, often in the form of checklists.[2][3][4][5][6]”
From A Review of the Quality Indicators of Rigor in Qualitative Research (2020) · cites this paper as [2]
Data collection and analysis biases may be observed based on the role of the researchers.
“Data collection and analysis biases may be observed based on the role of the researchers [54].”
From Acceptability of Web-Based Mental Health Interventions in the Workplace: Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
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Aljadhey, H. S., Mahmoud, M. A., Alshammari, T. M., Aldhaeefi, M., Louët, H. L., Perez‐Gutthann, S., & Pitts, P. J. (2015) · Saudi Medical Journal · doi:10.15537/smj.2015.9.12125 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Anderson, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Anderson, Claire
- ORCID
- Anderson, Claire
- Venue
- American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 141
- ISSN
- 0002-9459 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2987281
- OpenAlex
- W2079567258
- Semantic Scholar
- 5349b4a20b4a1052e13d82c6006b36d68c0000cc
- Cited by
- 1,188
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 69 · 2024: 110 · 2023: 111 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 110 · 2019: 111 · 2018: 104 · 2017: 96 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 61 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 54.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Academic Writing and Publishing
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Research and Methods
- Keywords
- qualitative research, research reporting, peer review, research rigor, data presentation, focus groups, observation, author guidelines, pharmacy education
- MeSH terms
- Data Interpretation, Statistical, Education, Pharmacy, United Kingdom, Interviews as Topic, Publishing, Reproducibility of Results, Focus Groups, Qualitative Research, Checklist
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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