Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in Australia
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in a sample of patients attending general practice, in the population who attended general practice in 2005, and in the Australian population. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Secondary analyses of data from a study of prevalence of selected conditions (a substudy of the BEACH [Bettering the Evaluation And Care of Health] program); data were provided by 305 general practitioners for 9156 patients seen in July-November 2005, based on knowledge of the patient, patient self-report, and medical records. Listed conditions were classified according to the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale morbidity domains. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of morbidity in each domain; prevalence of specific patterns of multimorbidity (defined as presence of morbidity in two or more domains). RESULTS: Prevalence of multimorbidity was estimated as 37.1% of surveyed patients, 29.0% of people who attended a GP in 2005, and 25.5% of the Australian population. Prevalence and complexity (number of domains present) increased with age: 83.2% of surveyed patients aged 75 years or older had multimorbidity, 58.2% had morbidity in three or more domains, and 33.4% in four or more. Prevalence of multimorbidity did not differ between the sexes. The most common morbidity combinations were arthritis/chronic back pain + vascular disease (15.0% of sample), a psychological problem + vascular disease (10.6%) and arthritis/chronic back pain + a psychological problem (10.6%). We estimate that 10.6% of people attending a GP in 2005 and 9.3% of the population have arthritis/chronic back pain + vascular disease (+/- other morbidity types studied), and this group accounted for about 15.2 million Medicare-claimed general practice encounters in 2005. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first insight into prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in Australia. Knowledge of the common combinations of multimorbidity may help in planning the health services needed in the future by an ageing population with an increasing burden of multimorbidity.
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Multimorbidity is highly correlated with chronic pain.
“Research suggests that multimorbidity is highly correlated with chronic pain, which is pain lasting longer than 3 months.”
From Investigating the effectiveness of an online acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) intervention versus a waiting list control condition on pain interference and quality of life in adults with chronic pain and multimorbidity: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as [5]
The Prevalence of multimorbidity section (p. 5) reports that 16.6% of patients attending general practice had multimorbidity involving arthritis and/or chronic back pain. The Common multimorbidity combinations section (p. 5) also identifies arthritis/chronic back pain with vascular disease as the most prevalent combination. These findings concern a specific pain-related morbidity, not chronic pain generally; the paper does not establish a high correlation with chronic pain or define it as lasting longer than three months. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Britt, H. C., Harrison, C. M., Miller, G. C., & Knox, S. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Britt, Helena C
- Venue
- Medical Journal of Australia
- Publisher
- AMPCo
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 189
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 72-77
- ISSN
- 0025-729X (ISSN-L)
- 1326-5377
- OpenAlex
- W2234006291
- Cited by
- 402
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 11.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Medical Journal of Australia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Johns Hopkins University
- Australian Government
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Keywords
- multimorbidity, prevalence, multimorbidity patterns, general practice, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale, arthritis, chronic back pain, vascular disease, mental illness, population aging, Australia
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Australia, Family Practice, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patients, Comorbidity, Prevalence
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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