Reintroduction of American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) on Reclaimed Mine Sites in Ohio: Microsite Factors Controlling Establishment Success
Abstract
Microsite availability is crucial for recruitment success in natural populations as well as populations being established for restoration projects. Understanding the specific microsite requirements of a particular species targeted for restoration will increase the probability of success of any restoration project. Surface mining for coal represents one of the largest anthropogenic disturbances to the forests of the eastern United States. The original natural range of the American chestnut (Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.) overlaps the extent of the Appalachian Coal Basin. With American chestnut being readied for reintroduction trials, we sought here to determine some of the effects of microsite conditions on the establishment success of American chestnut on mine sites reclaimed using new, compaction-reducing techniques (i.e., “end-dump” reclamation) that create a series of loosely dumped mounds roughly 8-m diameter and 3-m tall to serve as a planting substrate. Specifically, we examined the effects of distance from existing forest edge, amount of existing cover of vegetation, small-scale topographic position, and a small set of soil variables on the growth and survival over three seasons of American chestnut seedlings planted on a reclaimed mine site in east-central Ohio. We found decreased tree survival adjacent to existing forest edges and greater annual growth rates at distances of 20 and 50 m from the existing forest edge. Microtopographic position had a significant effect on seedling growth and survival—seedlings planted higher on mounds had increased mortality and lower growth than those on the side slopes of those mounds. The amount of existing vegetative cover also affected survival and growth; trees growing in plots with higher vegetative cover values showed increased growth and survival. The compaction-reducing reclamation approach used here is relatively new and novel. Promising results that have been observed to date using American chestnut and this method seem to indicate that the combination may be very effective at restoring functional forests on lands degraded by surface mining.
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Gilland and McCarthy (2012) found that chestnut seedling survival increased where some herbaceous vegetation cover was present and where compaction was reduced.
“Gilland and McCarthy (2012) found that chestnut seedling survival increased where some herbaceous vegetation cover was present and where compaction was reduced.”
From Plantation performance of chestnut hybrids and progenitors on reclaimed Appalachian surface mines (2018) · cites this paper as Gilland and McCarthy (2012)
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Self-citationPlantation performance of chestnut hybrids and progenitors on reclaimed Appalachian surface mines
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“Gilland and McCarthy (2012) found that chestnut seedling survival increased where some herbaceous vegetation cover was present and where compaction was reduced.”
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Self-citationBauman, J. M., Brisbin, R., Gilland, K. E., & Cline, E. T. (2016) · Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation · doi:10.21000/jasmr16020001
Self-citation
- Authors
- Gilland, K. E., & McCarthy, B. C.
- Affiliations
- Ohio University (US)
- Corresponding author
- McCarthy, Brian C.
- ORCID
- McCarthy, Brian C.
- Venue
- Northern Journal of Applied Forestry
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-12-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 197-205
- ISSN
- 0742-6348 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2320297647
- Semantic Scholar
- 4275e1b6fc3b89dc236d71094915549053e23105
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Northern Journal of Applied Forestry (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Seedling growth and survival studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Forest ecology and management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Keywords
- American chestnut, Castanea dentata, reintroduction, mine reclamation, microsite conditions, seedling establishment, seedling survival, seedling growth, forest edge effects, topographic position, vegetation cover, soil compaction, coal surface mining, forest restoration
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