Growth performance and chestnut blight incidence (Cryphonectria parasitica) of backcrossed chestnut seedlings in surface mine restoration
Abstract
Anthropogenic disturbances such as mining for coal have caused significant disturbance to the Appalachian forests of North America. Recovery of these disturbances is highly dependent on restoration methods that encourage natural succession. Unfortunately, current reclamation protocols have resulted in soil compaction and aggressive herbaceous groundcovers that impede the recovery of native trees. To overcome this, methods such as deep ripping and plow and disking were applied to a reclaimed mine land in Ohio, USA Plantings of pure American chestnut (Castanea dentata) and two seedling types (BC₁F₃ and BC₂F₃) bred for resistance to chestnut blight fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica) were assessed among different soil preparation treatments over five field seasons. Seedling mortality due to natural infection by chestnut blight was recorded and related to the disease resistance potential of the BC₁F₃ and BC₂F₃ seedlings. The growth and survival of chestnuts in plots that employed either ripping, plow disking, or the combination of the two methods were significantly greater than the control plots. After five seasons, differences existed among the soil treatments; plots that applied deep ripping had the highest survival and growth. When chestnut types were compared, pure American chestnut was the tallest. However, BC₂F₃ chestnut seedlings had the highest survival and lower disease incidence. Results suggest that employing deep ripping with backcrossed chestnut seedlings provides a method for establishing hardwood seedlings in soils impacted by surface mining. Planting methods that promote vigorous growth can be applied more broadly to other regions where anthropogenic disturbances create soil conditions that hinder seedling establishment.
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This study and others demonstrate the potential of these chestnut stock types to survive and persist, and thereby spread gradually into eastern North American forests by restoration efforts on reclaimed surface mines in Appalachia.
“This study and others demonstrate the potential of these chestnut stock types to survive and persist, and thereby spread gradually into eastern North American forests by restoration efforts on reclaimed surface mines in Appalachia (Barton et al. 2015; Bauman et al. 2014; Fields-Johnson et al. 2010, and herein).”
From Plantation performance of chestnut hybrids and progenitors on reclaimed Appalachian surface mines (2018) · cites this paper as Bauman et al. 2014
Bauman et al. (2014) reported that chestnut seedlings were 150-180 cm tall after 5 years in Indiana mine soils.
“Bauman et al. (2014) reported that chestnut seedlings were 150–180 cm tall after 5 years in Indiana mine soils, much taller than the chestnuts growing in this West Virginia study.”
From Plantation performance of chestnut hybrids and progenitors on reclaimed Appalachian surface mines (2018) · cites this paper as Bauman et al. (2014)
Chestnuts in this West Virginia study were much shorter than the 150-180 cm reported by Bauman et al. (2014) after 5 years in Indiana mine soils.
“Bauman et al. (2014) reported that chestnut seedlings were 150–180 cm tall after 5 years in Indiana mine soils, much taller than the chestnuts growing in this West Virginia study.”
From Plantation performance of chestnut hybrids and progenitors on reclaimed Appalachian surface mines (2018) · cites this paper as Bauman et al. (2014)
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- Authors
- Bauman, J. M., Keiffer, C. H., & McCarthy, B. C.
- Affiliations
- Western Washington University (US)
- Miami University (US)
- Ohio University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bauman, Jenise M.
- Venue
- New Forests
- Published
- 2014-06-11
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 813-828
- ISSN
- 0169-4286 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-5095
- OpenAlex
- W1967959204
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- New Forests (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- West Virginia University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Seedling growth and survival studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Forest ecology and management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Keywords
- American chestnut, Castanea dentata, chestnut blight, Cryphonectria parasitica, disease resistance, surface mine reclamation, subsoiling, soil compaction, seedling establishment, seedling growth and survival, Appalachian forests
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