Cited by 204Cancer survivorship and careWomen's cancer prevention and managementChildhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life

Prevalence of depression in breast cancer survivors: a systematic review of observational studies

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Zainal, Nor Zuraida, Nik-Jaafar, Nik Ruzyanei, Baharudin, Azlin, Sabki, Zuraida Ahmad, Ng, Chong Guan·2013·Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Depression is common in breast cancer patients. The aim of this paper was to make a systematic review of its prevalence and associated factors oin breast cancer survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An extensive systematic electronic review (PUBMED, CINAHL, PsyINFO and Ovid) and handsearch were carried out to retrieve published articles up to November 2012, using Depression OR Dysthymia AND (Cancer OR Tumor OR Neoplasms as the keywords. Information about the design of the studies, measuring scale, characteristics of the participants, prevalence of depression and its associated factors from the included studies were extracted and summarized. RESULTS: We identified 32 eligible studies that recruited 10,826 breast cancer survivors. Most were cross-sectional or prospective designed. The most frequent instrument used to screen depression was the Center for Epidemiological Studies for Depression (CES-D, n=11 studies) followed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, n=6 studies) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS, n=6 studies). CES-D returned about similar prevalence of depression (median=22%, range=13-56%) with BDI (median=22%, range=17-48%) but higher than HADS (median=10%, range=1-22%). Depression was associated with several socio-demographic variables, cancer-related factors, treatment-related factors, subject psychological factors, lifestyle factors, social support and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancer survivors are at risk for depression so that detection of associated factors is important in clinical practice.

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Crossref · 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.4.2649

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  • The prevalence of depression and anxiety in breast cancer survivors varies from 6% to 56% and 17.9% to 33.3%, respectively.

    “Recent reviews by Zainal et al. (2013) and Maass et al. (2015) determined that the prevalence of depression and anxiety in breast cancer survivors varies from 6% to 56% and 17,9% to 33,3%, respectively.”

    From A guided internet-delivered individually-tailored ACT-influenced cognitive behavioural intervention to improve psychosocial outcomes in breast cancer survivors (iNNOVBC): Study protocol (2019) · cites this paper as Zainal et al., 2013

    The “Prevalence of depression” section reports a range of 1%–56% in breast cancer survivors, not 6%–56%; the Discussion repeats 1%–56%. The anxiety range is attributed to Maass et al. in the citing sentence, so it is not assessed against Zainal et al. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • Compared to the general female population, the prevalence of depression in breast cancer survivors is higher and persistent over >5 years after diagnosis, while the prevalence of anxiety is equivalent to the general female population.

    “When compared to the general female population, the prevalence of depression was found to be higher and persistent over >5 years after diagnosis, while the prevalence of anxiety was considered equivalent to results exhibited by the general female population.”

    From A guided internet-delivered individually-tailored ACT-influenced cognitive behavioural intervention to improve psychosocial outcomes in breast cancer survivors (iNNOVBC): Study protocol (2019) · cites this paper as Zainal et al., 2013

    The 'Prevalence of depression' section reports depression among breast cancer survivors, and the Results table includes measurements through 60 months after diagnosis. Neither establishes that depression remains higher than in the general female population beyond five years; the paper also does not report that anxiety prevalence is equivalent to that population. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Authors
Zainal, N. Z., Nik-Jaafar, N. R., Baharudin, A., Sabki, Z. A., & Ng, C. G.
Affiliations
  • University of Malaya (MY)
  • University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (MY)
Venue
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Published
2013-04-30
Volume
14
Issue
4
Pages
2649-2656
ISSN
1513-7368 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2107370237
Cited by
204
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 1
FWCI
1.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
Keywords
depression, breast cancer survivors, prevalence, risk factors, depression screening, CES-D, Beck Depression Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, social support, quality of life, lifestyle factors, cancer treatment effects
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Obesity, Prognosis, Receptors, Estrogen, Receptors, Progesterone, Retrospective Studies, Body Mass Index, Survival Rate, Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, Young Adult

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