Depressive spectrum disorders in cancer: prevalence, risk factors and screening for depression: a critical review
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Although depression and mood-related disorders are common in persons with cancer, these conditions remain frequently overlooked in clinical practice. Negative consequences of depressive disorder spectrum have been reported (e.g. suicidal ideation, increase physical complications and somatic symptoms, negative influence on prognosis), indicating the need for routine screening, assessment and management. METHODS: A search of the major databases (Medline, Embase, PsycLIT, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library) was conducted on the reviews and meta-analyses available in order to summarize relevant data concerning depressive disorders spectrum in terms of prevalence, risk factors, and screening and assessment among patients with cancer across the trajectory of the disease. RESULTS: The data show a prevalence of depression and depressive disorders between 5% and 60% according to the different diagnostic criteria, the tools used in the studies (e.g. semi-structured psychiatric interview and psychometric questionnaires), as well as the stage and type of cancer. Furthermore, despite the significant health care resources devoted to cancer care and the importance of addressing depressive symptoms, assessment and management of depressive spectrum disorders in cancer patients remains suboptimal. CONCLUSIONS: Routine screening and adequate assessment of depressive spectrum disorders is necessary in patients with cancer in order to effectively manage the multifaceted and complex consequences on cancer care.
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The rates of depression among cancer patients actively undergoing treatment is higher than in survivors.
“The rates of depression among cancer patients actively undergoing treatment is higher,49”
From Individualized, Single Session Yoga Therapy to Reduce Physical and Emotional Symptoms in Hospitalized Hematological Cancer Patients. (2019) · cites this paper as [49]
The Risk factors section says reviews find higher depression prevalence among patients in active treatment than among those not in treatment, which supports the general direction of the claim. But it does not equate everyone not in treatment with survivors, and the Prevalence and phase of treatment section reports a prostate-cancer meta-analysis with a higher rate after treatment (18.44%) than during treatment (14.70%). The unqualified comparison with survivors is therefore not supported across cancer patients. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHematological, gastrointestinal, lung and gynecological cancers are often identified as having a higher MDD prevalence compared to other types of cancer.
“While there is some inconsistency between studies, hematological, gastrointestinal, lung and gynecological cancers are often identified as having a higher MDD prevalence compared to other types of cancer78-80.”
From Comorbidity between major depressive disorder and physical diseases: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, mechanisms and management (2023) · cites this paper as [80]
The 'Prevalence of depression and cancer site' section (page not provided) reports the highest major-depression prevalence for lung cancer, followed by gynecological cancer, in one large analysis. It also reports high self-reported depression for gastrointestinal cancer, but not specifically MDD; it does not identify hematological cancer as having higher MDD prevalence. The section notes that estimates vary by assessment method and other factors. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Emotional distress in cancer: screening policy, clinical limitations and educational needs
Grassi, L. G., Nanni, M. G., & Caruso, R. (2010) · Journal of Medicine and the Person · doi:10.1007/s12682-010-0047-5 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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Flagged first, then by citations
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- Young JJ, Bruno D, Pomara N. A review of the relationship between proinflammatory cytokines and major depressive dis- order. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2014;169:15-20.
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Molecular mechanisms linking exercise to cancer prevention and treatment
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Global prevalence of depression among breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Berk, M., Köhler‐Forsberg, O., Turner, M., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Wrobel, A., Firth, J., Loughman, A., Reavley, N. J., McGrath, J. J., Momen, N. C., et al. (2023) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21110 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
The burden of psychosocial morbidity related to cancer: patient and family issues
Caruso, R., Nanni, M. G., Riba, M. B., Sabato, S., & Grassi, L. (2017) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2017.1288090 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
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“Proper referral to mental health specialists is warranted, 26,27 not only because of the symptoms themselves and their association with low HRQOL but also because studies have shown that cancer survivors with depressive symptoms have an increased risk for all-cause mortality even after adjustments…”
BackgroundAntidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer
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Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer
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Systematic Review: Depression and Anxiety Prevalence in Bladder Cancer Patients
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Mascaro, J. S., Waller, A. V., Wright, L., Leonard, T., Haack, C., & Waller, E. K. (2019) · Integrative Cancer Therapies · doi:10.1177/1534735419861692 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Caruso, R., Nanni, M. G., Riba, M., Sabato, S., Mitchell, A. J., Croce, E., & Grassi, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Ferrara (IT)
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Leicester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Grassi, L.
- Venue
- Acta Oncologica
- Published
- 2017-01-31
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 146-155
- ISSN
- 0284-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1651-226X
- OpenAlex
- W2585102799
- Cited by
- 203
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 11
- FWCI
- 2.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Acta Oncologica (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- University of Ferrara Research Funding (FAR)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Keywords
- depression, mood disorders, cancer patients, depressive spectrum disorders, prevalence, risk factors, depression screening, suicide risk, somatic symptoms, prognosis, psychiatric assessment
- MeSH terms
- Depressive Disorder, Humans, Neoplasm Staging, Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Prevalence
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