The DOI matches its Crossref record; 178 of the 178 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Rate- and Rhythm-Control Therapies in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The comparative effectiveness of treatments for atrial fibrillation (AF) is uncertain. PURPOSE: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of rate- and rhythm-control therapies. DATA SOURCES: English-language studies in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between January 2000 and November 2013. STUDY SELECTION: Two reviewers independently screened citations to identify comparative studies that assessed rate- or rhythm-control therapies in patients with AF. DATA EXTRACTION: Reviewers extracted data on study design, participant characteristics, interventions, outcomes, applicability, and quality. DATA SYNTHESIS: 200 articles (162 studies) involving 28,836 patients were included. When pharmacologic rate- and rhythm-control strategies were compared, strength of evidence (SOE) was moderate supporting comparable efficacy with regard to all-cause mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.34 [95% CI, 0.89 to 2.02]), cardiac mortality (OR, 0.96 [CI, 0.77 to 1.20]), and stroke (OR, 0.99 [CI, 0.76 to 1.30]) in older patients with mild AF symptoms. Few studies compared rate-control therapies and included outcomes of interest, which limited conclusions. For the effect of rhythm-control therapies in reducing AF recurrence, SOE was high favoring pulmonary vein isolation versus antiarrhythmic medications (OR, 5.87 [CI, 3.18 to 10.85]) and the surgical maze procedure (including pulmonary vein isolation) done during other cardiac surgery versus other cardiac surgery alone (OR, 7.94 [CI, 3.63 to 17.36]). LIMITATION: Studies were heterogeneous in interventions, populations, settings, and outcomes. CONCLUSION: Pharmacologic rate- and rhythm-control strategies have comparable efficacy across outcomes in primarily older patients with mild AF symptoms. Pulmonary vein isolation is better than antiarrhythmic medications at reducing recurrences of AF in younger patients with paroxysmal AF and mild structural heart disease. Future research should address uncertainties related to subgroups of interest and the effect of different therapies on long-term clinical outcomes. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
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In the citing paper
“Other interventions such as rhythm control and rate control improve AF-related symptoms and may preserve cardiac function, but have not demonstrated a reduction in long-term morbidity or mortality.40,41”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [41]
In the citing paper
“Other interventions such as rhythm control and rate control improve AF-related symptoms and may preserve cardiac function, but have not demonstrated a reduction in long-term morbidity or mortality.40,41”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [41]
In the citing paper
“Other interventions such as rhythm control and rate control improve AF-related symptoms and may preserve cardiac function, but have not demonstrated a reduction in long-term morbidity or mortality.40,41”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [41]
In the citing paper
“Compared with stroke prevention and rhythm control, very little robust evidence exists to inform the best type and intensity of rate control treatment, with the majority of data derived from short-term crossover trials and observational studies.41,[526][527][528]”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [41]
In the citing paper
“Although many clinicians believe that maintaining sinus rhythm can improve outcomes in AF patients, 588 all trials that have compared rhythm control to rate control (with appropriate anticoagulation) therapy have resulted in neutral outcomes.41,578,579,582,[589][590][591][592][593]”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [41]
Citations
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Cited by
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Hindricks, G., Potpara, T., Dagres, N., Arbelo, E., Bax, J. J., Blomström‐Lundqvist, C., Boriani, G., Castella, M., Dan, G.-A., Dilaveris, P., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa612 · Cited by 10,550
2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS
Kirchhof, P. F., Benussi, S., Kotecha, D., Ahlsson, A., Atar, D., Casadei, B., Castellà, M., Diener, H., Heidbüchel, H., Hendriks, J., et al. (2016) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euw295 · Cited by 6,438
2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS
Kirchhof, P., Benussi, S., Kotecha, D., Ahlsson, A., Atar, D., Casadei, B., Castella, M., Diener, H.-C., Heidbuchel, H., Hendriks, J., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw210 · Cited by 6,418
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Metadata
- Authors
- Al-Khatib, S. M., Allen LaPointe, N. M., Chatterjee, R., Crowley, M. J., Dupre, M. E., Kong, D. F., Lopes, R. D., Povsic, T. J., Raju, S. S., Shah, B., Kosinski, A. S., McBroom, A. J., & Sanders, G. D.
- Affiliations
- From Duke Clinical Research Institute and Duke Evidence-based Practice Center, Duke University School of Medicine, and the Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
- Duke University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American College of Physicians
- Published
- 2014-06-03
- Volume
- 160
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 760-773
- ISSN
- 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-3704
- OpenAlex
- W2013946241
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 178
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 2.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- Keywords
- atrial fibrillation, rate control, rhythm control, pulmonary vein isolation, antiarrhythmic drugs, catheter ablation, atrial fibrillation recurrence, stroke, all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, structural heart disease, comparative effectiveness
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Atrial Fibrillation, Electric Countershock, Heart Rate, Humans, Catheter Ablation
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