Cited by 178Atrial Fibrillation Management and OutcomesCardiac Arrhythmias and TreatmentsCardiac pacing and defibrillation studies

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Rate- and Rhythm-Control Therapies in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review

Al-Khatib, Sana M., Allen LaPointe, Nancy M., Chatterjee, Ranee, Crowley, Matthew J., Dupre, Matthew E., Kong, David F., Lopes, Renato D., Povsic, Thomas J., Raju, Shveta S., Shah, Bimal, Kosinski, Andrzej S., McBroom, Amanda J., Sanders, Gillian D.·2014·Annals of Internal Medicine

DOI 10.7326/m13-1467

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The comparative effectiveness of treatments for atrial fibrillation (AF) is uncertain. PURPOSE: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of rate- and rhythm-control therapies. DATA SOURCES: English-language studies in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between January 2000 and November 2013. STUDY SELECTION: Two reviewers independently screened citations to identify comparative studies that assessed rate- or rhythm-control therapies in patients with AF. DATA EXTRACTION: Reviewers extracted data on study design, participant characteristics, interventions, outcomes, applicability, and quality. DATA SYNTHESIS: 200 articles (162 studies) involving 28,836 patients were included. When pharmacologic rate- and rhythm-control strategies were compared, strength of evidence (SOE) was moderate supporting comparable efficacy with regard to all-cause mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.34 [95% CI, 0.89 to 2.02]), cardiac mortality (OR, 0.96 [CI, 0.77 to 1.20]), and stroke (OR, 0.99 [CI, 0.76 to 1.30]) in older patients with mild AF symptoms. Few studies compared rate-control therapies and included outcomes of interest, which limited conclusions. For the effect of rhythm-control therapies in reducing AF recurrence, SOE was high favoring pulmonary vein isolation versus antiarrhythmic medications (OR, 5.87 [CI, 3.18 to 10.85]) and the surgical maze procedure (including pulmonary vein isolation) done during other cardiac surgery versus other cardiac surgery alone (OR, 7.94 [CI, 3.63 to 17.36]). LIMITATION: Studies were heterogeneous in interventions, populations, settings, and outcomes. CONCLUSION: Pharmacologic rate- and rhythm-control strategies have comparable efficacy across outcomes in primarily older patients with mild AF symptoms. Pulmonary vein isolation is better than antiarrhythmic medications at reducing recurrences of AF in younger patients with paroxysmal AF and mild structural heart disease. Future research should address uncertainties related to subgroups of interest and the effect of different therapies on long-term clinical outcomes. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

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Acute Ventricular Rate Control in Atrial Fibrillation
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Control of Heart Rate Versus Rhythm in Rheumatic Atrial Fibrillation: A Randomized Study
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Pulmonary vein isolation using segmental versus electroanatomical circumferential ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
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Long-term Maintenance of Normal Sinus Rhythm in Patients With Current Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation
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Biphasic versus Monophasic Cardioversion in Shock‐Resistant Atrial Fibrillation:
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DC cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation: A comparison of two protocols
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Rate Control and Quality of Life in Patients With Permanent Atrial Fibrillation The Quality Of Life and Atrial Fibrillation (QOLAF) Study
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Ablation of Superior Pulmonary Veins Compared to Ablation of All Four Pulmonary Veins:
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A randomized trial of prophylactic antiarrhythmic agents (amiodarone and sotalol) in patients with atrial fibrillation for whom direct current cardioversion is planned
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2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)
Hindricks, G., Potpara, T., Dagres, N., Arbelo, E., Bax, J. J., Blomström‐Lundqvist, C., Boriani, G., Castella, M., Dan, G.-A., Dilaveris, P., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa612 · Cited by 10,550
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2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)
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2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines
Joglar, J. A., Chung, M. K., Armbruster, A. L., Benjamin, E. J., Chyou, J. Y., Cronin, E. M., Deswal, A. M., Eckhardt, L. L., Goldberger, Z. D., Gopinathannair, R., et al. (2023) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001193 · Cited by 3,072

See all 178

Authors: Al-Khatib, S. M., Allen LaPointe, N. M., Chatterjee, R., Crowley, M. J., Dupre, M. E., Kong, D. F., Lopes, R. D., Povsic, T. J., Raju, S. S., Shah, B., Kosinski, A. S., McBroom, A. J., & Sanders, G. D.
Affiliations: From Duke Clinical Research Institute and Duke Evidence-based Practice Center, Duke University School of Medicine, and the Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Duke University (US)
ORCID: Chatterjee, Ranee
Crowley, Matthew J.
Dupre, Matthew E.
Povsic, Thomas J.
Shah, Bimal
Kosinski, Andrzej S.
Sanders, Gillian D.
Venue: Annals of Internal Medicine
Publisher: American College of Physicians
Published: 2014-06-03
Volume: 160
Issue: 11
Pages: 760-773
ISSN: 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
1539-3704
DOI: 10.7326/m13-1467
OpenAlex: W2013946241
Cited by: 178
References: 178
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5
FWCI: 2.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.acpjournals.org/journal/aim/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
Locations: Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
Keywords: atrial fibrillation, rate control, rhythm control, pulmonary vein isolation, antiarrhythmic drugs, catheter ablation, atrial fibrillation recurrence, stroke, all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, structural heart disease, comparative effectiveness
MeSH terms: Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Atrial Fibrillation, Electric Countershock, Heart Rate, Humans, Catheter Ablation

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Rate- and Rhythm-Control Therapies in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review

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