The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
#HashtagActivism: Networks of Race and Gender Justice
Open accessAbstract
In this book, Sarah Jackson, Moya Bailey, and Brooke Foucault Welles explore how and why Twitter has become an important platform for historically disenfranchised populations, including Black Americans, women, and transgender people. They show how marginalized groups, long excluded from elite media spaces, have used Twitter hashtags to advance counternarratives, preempt political spin, and build diverse networks of dissent. The authors describe how such hashtags as #MeToo, #SurvivorPrivilege, and #WhyIStayed have challenged the conventional understanding of gendered violence; examine the voices and narratives of Black feminism enabled by #FastTailedGirls, #YouOKSis, and #SayHerName; and explore the creation and use of #GirlsLikeUs, a network of transgender women.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Citations
Cites
The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 632
Schneider, C. J. (2021) · The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology · doi:10.1002/9781405165518.wbeos1742 · Cited by 1
Gender Inequality, Social Movement, and Company Actions: How Do Wall Street and Main Street React?Preprint
Fairchild, A. O., Hawn, O. V., Aguilera, R. V., Colicev, A., & Bart, Y. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4458466 · Cited by 1
Gender and Digital Technologies
Ferreira, E., & Silva, M. J. (2025) · Encyclopedia · doi:10.3390/encyclopedia5030111 · Cited by 1
Vibocracy and the Collapse of Shared Reality
Fendt, J. (2025) · Encyclopedia · doi:10.3390/encyclopedia5040163 · Cited by 2
A Blue Start: A large-scale pairwise and higher-order social network dataset
Smith, A. H., Amburg, I., Kumar, S., et al. (2026) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-026-06920-1 · Cited by 1
Self-citationThe Sex Worker Counterpublic Sphere
Levitt, L. R. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198960256.003.0042 · Cited by 1
Williams Fayne, M., & Agyekum, E. B. (2026) · Journalism Studies · doi:10.1080/1461670x.2026.2695137
(Un)Defining the Digital Lives of Black Women in Britain
Sobande, F. (2020) · Palgrave studies in (re) presenting gender · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46679-4_5
“At times, it is by turning to social media that Black women campaign for change, lead, and contribute to collective attempts to push against white supremacist capitalist patriarchy—in ways that strengthen connected offline activism rather than replace it (Jackson et al. 2020).”
Fostering Engagement in an Era of Dissipating Publics
Clark, L. S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108886260.011
Waisbord, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108886260.015
Review of The Quest for Attention and Hashtag Activism
Whitesell, A. M. (2021) · Interest Groups & Advocacy · doi:10.1057/s41309-021-00118-z
Holgado-Ruiz, L., Saura, J. R., & Herráez, B. R. (2021) · Advances in marketing, customer relationship management, and e-services book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-8003-5.ch006
Berge, P. (2021) · AoIR Selected Papers of Internet Research · doi:10.5210/spir.v2021i0.11869
Jaidka, K. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3901631
The Deeply Involved Are Different
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.005
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.011
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.008
A House Divided against Itself?
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.002
Subtleties of Partisan Division
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.003
(2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.012
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.006
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.004
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.010
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.009
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.013
Perceptions of the Most Sacred Duty
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.007
Krupnikov, Y., & Ryan, J. B. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108923323.001
Kennedy, M. P., & Schaukowitch, M. (2020) · Philosophy and Rhetoric · doi:10.5325/philrhet.53.2.0199
Stein, K. (2022) · Television & New Media · doi:10.1177/15274764221096838
Conderacci, L. (2022) · Women s Studies · doi:10.1080/00497878.2022.2095563
Fabregat, E., & Kperogi, F. A. (2022) · Howard Journal of Communications · doi:10.1080/10646175.2022.2108355
Lundie, D. C. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-99834-9_7
“Dualismo digital” no ativismo contemporâneo
Costa, J. L. (2022) · Linguistic Frontiers · doi:10.2478/lf-2022-0010
Digital Aesthetics in the Public Sphere
Sgueo, G. (2023) · Springer textbooks in law · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36946-9_3
Human Rights and Inclusion: Lessons Learned from the #NotNCAAProperty Movement
Baker, I. (2023) · Globalisation, comparative education and policy research · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38457-8_5
Mobilizing Media Attention in the Era of Networked Publics: A Contentious Publicness Framework
Wang, R., Liu, W., & Zhou, A. Y. (2023) · Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media · doi:10.1080/08838151.2023.2251631
Sokolovskiy, K., Zueva, V., & Kolosova, O. (2023) · Information Development · doi:10.1177/02666669231200455
“Jackson et al. (2020) argue that interested social groups can utilize “ hashtag activism ” to increase the reach of their publications in socio-political campaigns, which presents a similar phenomenon to the one previously discussed.”
Right-Wing Leninism in Brazil: Reflections on O Movimento Brasil Livre
Davis, S. (2023) · South Atlantic Quarterly · doi:10.1215/00382876-10779415
Archiving the Movement: Generating Solidarity Among Black Millennials in Virtual Spaces
Jones, S. L. (2023) · JCSCORE · doi:10.15763/issn.2642-2387.2023.9.2.78-104
“However, recently, scholars have challenged derogatory understandings of the impact of online communities (Jackson et al., 2020).”
BackgroundFurther Developing Local Markets: Ethnic and Multicultural Marketing
Torelli, C. J., & Rodas, M. A. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-50812-7_15
Digital Ethnography (1) Social Media
Forrest, J. (2022) · doi:10.1002/9781394260423.ch17
#Fuimostodas. Voces contradiscursivas del movimiento feminista mexicano
Morocho, N. D. J. S., & Delgado, A. D. V. (2024) · AMÉRICA LATINA HOY · doi:10.14201/alh.30765
Shi, Y. (2024) · Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media · doi:10.54254/2753-7048/40/20240729
La victimización por ciberodio entre los jóvenes: una perspectiva de género y generacional
Amo, R. O., Piqueras, C. C., & Moreno, M. J. G. (2024) · Revista CENTRA de Ciencias Sociales · doi:10.54790/rccs.54
How Do We Talk about Things That Are Happening without Talking about Things That Are Happening?
(2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-018
Patterson, C. B., & Fickle, T. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-021
Huan, H. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-015
(2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-022
Conley, M. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-016
Lee, H. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-020
The Crumbs of Our Representation
(2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-014
Voorhees, G. A., & Howard, M. J. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-013
The Trophy Called “Asian Hands”
Tripathy, P. R. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-009
The Video Game Version of the Indian Subcontinent
Mukherjee, S. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-012
She, Y. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-008
(2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-010
Moore, K. C. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-007
(2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-006
(2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-002
Chang, E. Y. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-003 · Cited by 1
The Asiatic and the Anti-Asian Pandemic
Patterson, C. B. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-004
Rivera, T. (2024) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478059264-005 · Cited by 1
(Multi-)Stabilities in the Public Sphere: Why Arendt Needs Postphenomenology
Longo, A. (2024) · Human Studies · doi:10.1007/s10746-024-09716-7 · Cited by 1
Mitchell-Walthour, G. L., & Gillam, R. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-39904-6_16
Curating Emergent Publics Through Domain Crossing
Scacco, J. M., & Saffer, A. J. (2024) · Social Media + Society · doi:10.1177/20563051241237782
Wagner, M. C. (2024) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1093/joc/jqae016
Gantt-Shafer, J. (2024) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/14614448241245421
Sands, V. (2024) · TOPIA Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies · doi:10.3138/topia-2023-0031
Online Racial Justice Advocacy
Brazzell, M. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009153720.008
Christens, B. D. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009153720.002
(Neue) Rechte, Querdenker:innen und algorithmische Querfrontphänomene
Nolden, M. (2024) · Xtexte · doi:10.14361/9783839465790-010
Crossing The Border With Hashtags: Twitter's Bridging The Gezi Park And The Yellow Vest Movements
Karataş, S., & Karakoç, E. (2024) · Yeni Medya Dergisi · doi:10.55609/yenimedya.1458325
Kähkönen, L. (2024) · European Journal of Cultural Studies · doi:10.1177/13675494241264650
“The creative way of framing the protest against campus carry in social media in an effort to engage with gun politics in Texas can be seen as an example of networked counterpublics (Jackson et al., 2020).”
(Re)Designing the Public Sphere? Doing Political Theory After the Empirical Turn
Longo, A. (2024) · Philosophy & Technology · doi:10.1007/s13347-024-00788-y
Reconceptualisation of Social Solidarity: Networked Segmentation as a New Digital Divide
Vatreš, A., & Alispahić, S. (2024) · Društvene i humanističke studije · doi:10.51558/2490-3647.2024.9.1.939
Hardy, A. (2024) · Critical Studies in Media Communication · doi:10.1080/15295036.2024.2383180
“Jackson et al. (2020) argue that fast-tailed girl is an ideology that describes Black girls as “ overeager and sexually curious or promiscuous ” absolving “ men interested in underage girls of their prurient interests and re fl ect misguided respectability politics that operate as a form of victim…”
Lindström, A., Lindgren, S., & Sainudiin, R. (2024) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-68919-2_5
Gabelaia, I. (2024) · Advances in marketing, customer relationship management, and e-services book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-3924-4.ch008
Networked privacy and its broader implications
Humphreys, L., & Nguyen, R. (2024) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1093/joc/jqae026
Cognitive Gender Differences in Comments to Gender-Related Hot Topics on Chinese Social Media
Lu, M. H., Lyu, M., Shi, Y., et al. (2024) · SHS Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/shsconf/202419902010
Anti-feminist branding: a case study of #JusticeForJohnnyDepp on Instagram
Winter, R., & Jones, C. (2024) · Feminist Media Studies · doi:10.1080/14680777.2024.2418383
Hallsby, A., & Faltesek, D. (2024) · Western Journal of Communication · doi:10.1080/10570314.2024.2396506
“Digital objects for rhetorical criticism now include the message board (Pfister, 2014; Shepherd, 2020), social media posts (Holmes & Lussos, 2018; Parmelee, 2014), hashtags (Jackson et al., 2020; Woods & McVey, 2016) and memes (Hahner & Woods, 2019; Pfister & Woods, 2016).”
Online Resistance: The Past, Present, and Future of Challenging Racism with Digital Tools
Eschmann, R., Anyiwo, N., Toraif, N., & Ortiz, S. M. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-69362-5_43
Introduction to the Section on Race, Racism, and Digital Media
Eschmann, R., & Patton, D. U. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-69362-5_36
#MeToo and Feminism: Weinstein and Beyond
Boyle, K. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-67314-6_1
Boyle, K. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-67314-6_6
Boyle, K. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-67314-6_4
Boyle, K. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-67314-6_2
Persian Twitter in the 2017 Presidential Election: Networked Publics and Struggling on Power
Kermani, H. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-81538-6_4
Toward a Theoretical Understanding of Social Media and Politics
Kermani, H. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-81538-6_2
Intersektional vernetzt, solidarisch, kreativ: Feministische Medienstrategien
Eckert, S. (2025) · Forschungsjournal Soziale Bewegungen · doi:10.1515/fjsb-2025-2005
Beyond the dance floor: applying Elias and Giddens to understand social dynamics
Krouglov, A. Y. (2025) · International Review of Sociology · doi:10.1080/03906701.2025.2475805
Wallace, B. T., & Andrews, D. L. (2025) · Annals of Leisure Research · doi:10.1080/11745398.2025.2478054
Ahrens, P., & Lang, S. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99675-2_499-1
Montage and Narrative Mode in Spanish Women’s Life Writing
Lawlor, H. (2025) · Bulletin of Contemporary Hispanic Studies · doi:10.3828/bchs.2025.5
Pavan, E. (2025) · The Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/00380261251335152
“In this sense, practices like hashtag activism (Jackson et al., 2020) that pivot around the dissemination of hashtags to channel counter-narratives as much as acts of ‘discursive mobilization’ (Pavan & Rapini, 2022) through which otherwise ordinary conversations are politicized need to be featured,…”
The Evolving Gender Roles in the African American Experience: Reflections across Decades
McPhail, C. J. (2025) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1010842
Johannsen, B. (2025) · Journal of Corpora and Discourse Studies · doi:10.18573/jcads.147
Taraktaş, B., Duran, K. C., & Üsküdarlı, S. (2025) · Politics Groups and Identities · doi:10.1080/21565503.2025.2518533
“…activism observed on Twitter, involves “the strategic ways counterpublic groups and their allies employ to make political contentions about identity politics that advocate for social change, identity redefinition, and political inclusion” (S. J. Jackson, Bailey, and Foucault Welles 2020, xxviii).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Jackson, S. J., Bailey, M., & Foucault Welles, B.
- Venue
- MIT Press
- Publisher
- The MIT Press
- Published
- 2020-03-10
- OpenAlex
- W4251102464
- Cited by
- 693
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 141 · 2025: 121 · 2024: 131 · 2023: 109 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 35
- FWCI
- 48.85
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The MIT Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Communication › Social Media and Politics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Feminism, and Media
- Social Sciences › Communication › Media and Digital Communication
- Keywords
- hashtag activism, Twitter, social media activism, marginalized communities, counter-narratives, political spin, #MeToo, #BlackLivesMatter, gender-based violence, Black feminism, transgender women, racial justice, police killings, online mobilization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review