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Functional Connections of Cortical Areas: A New View from the Thalamus
Abstract
Two leading authorities on thalamocortical connections consider how the neural circuits of the brain relate to our actions and perceptions. In this book, two leading authorities on the thalamus and its relationship to cortex build on their earlier findings to arrive at new ways of thinking about how the brain relates to the world, to cognition, and behavior. Based on foundations established earlier in their book Exploring the Thalamus and Its Role in Cortical Function, the authors consider the implications of these ground rules for thalamic inputs, thalamocortical connections, and cortical outputs. The authors argue that functional and structural analyses of pathways connecting thalamus and cortex point beyond these to lower centers and through them to the body and the world. Each cortical area depends on the messages linking it to body and world. These messages relate to the way we act and think; each cortical area receives thalamic inputs and has outputs to motor centers. Sherman and Guillery go on to discuss such topics as the role of branching axons that carry motor instructions as well as copies of these motor instructions for relay to cortex under the control of the thalamic gate. This gate allows the thalamus to control the passage of information on the basis of which cortex relates to the rest of the nervous system.
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“Moreover, the involvement of the thalamus is often interpreted in predictive coding terms: the thalamus might help compare cortical predictions with incoming signals, or gate the precision of ascending sensory data (29) (Figure 2).”
From Predictive coding and neurocomputational psychiatry: a mechanistic framework for understanding mental disorders (2026) · cites this paper as [29]
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The Human Thalamus Is an Integrative Hub for Functional Brain Networks
Hwang, K., Bertolero, M. A., Liu, W. B., & D’Esposito, M. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0067-17.2017 · Cited by 655
“The inhibitory thalamic reticular nucleus, rich in GABAergic cells, also receives input from the cortex and the basal ganglia, and further modulate activity in both first order and higher order thalamic nuclei (Sherman and Guillery, 2013).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMaintenance of persistent activity in a frontal thalamocortical loop
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Mathematical Frameworks for Oscillatory Network Dynamics in Neuroscience
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“Such macroscopic signals can also arise from interactions between different brain areas, the thalamo-cortical loop being a classic example [40].”
BackgroundDistinct Cortical-Thalamic-Striatal Circuits through the Parafascicular Nucleus
Mandelbaum, G., Taranda, J., Haynes, T. M., Hochbaum, D. R., Huang, K. W., Hyun, M., Venkataraju, K. U., Straub, C., Wang, W., Robertson, K., et al. (2019) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.035 · Cited by 179
Engagement of Pulvino-cortical Feedforward and Feedback Pathways in Cognitive Computations
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Specialization and integration of functional thalamocortical connectivity in the human infant
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“Anatomical studies in animals and postmortem adult human subjects have defined the thalamic microstructure and described a corticotopic parcellation of the thalamus with precise connectivity to specific cortical regions (13, 14).”
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“Our understanding of the functioning of the thalamus has been re-evaluated following the proposal of Guillery and Sherman (Sherman and Guillery, 2001, 2002, 2013; Guillery and Sherman, 2002; Sherman, 2004) that the thalamus has an ongoing, interactive relationship with the cortex.”
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He, X., Chaitanya, G., Asma, B., Caciagli, L., Bassett, D. S., Tracy, J. I., & Sperling, M. R. (2019) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awz361 · Cited by 136
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Cortico-fugal output from visual cortex promotes plasticity of innate motor behaviour
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A temporal sequence of thalamic activity unfolds at transitions in behavioral arousal state
Setzer, B., Fultz, N. E., Gomez, D. E. P., Williams, S. D., Bonmassar, G., Polimeni, J. R., & Lewis, L. D. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33010-8 · Cited by 73
A sensory–motor theory of the neocortex
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“Mapping of transthalamic pathways revealed that these pathways parallel the direct cortico-cortical pathways (349, 359, 360), which convey different information from intracortical pathways to the same target area (361) (FIGURE 9, B and C).”
BackgroundNeuropsychological evidence of multi-domain network hubs in the human thalamus
Hwang, K., Shine, J. M., Bruss, J., Tranel, D., & Boes, A. D. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.69480 · Cited by 71
Development of the thalamus: From early patterning to regulation of cortical functions
Nakagawa, Y. (2019) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Developmental Biology · doi:10.1002/wdev.345 · Cited by 59
“Guillery and Sherman divided thalamic projection neurons into two classes; “first-order” relay and “second-order” relay (Sherman, 2016; Sherman & Guillery, 2013).”
BackgroundEvidence for Mediodorsal Thalamus and Prefrontal Cortex Interactions during Cognition in Macaques
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Integration of signals from different cortical areas in higher order thalamic neurons
Sampathkumar, V., Miller-Hansen, A. J., Sherman, S. M., & Kasthuri, N. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2104137118 · Cited by 53
Self-citationThalamic input to auditory cortex is locally heterogeneous but globally tonotopic
Vasquez-Lopez, S. A., Weissenberger, Y., Lohse, M., Keating, P., King, A. J., & Dahmen, J. C. (2017) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.25141 · Cited by 51
“To under- stand the functional organization of cortical circuits, it is therefore crucial to uncover the rules of tha- lamocortical connectivity (Jones, 2007; Sherman and Guillery, 2013; Winer et al., 2005).”
BackgroundDeep Predictive Learning in Neocortex and Pulvinar
O’Reilly, R. C., Russin, J., Zolfaghar, M., & Rohrlich, J. (2021) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01708 · Cited by 49
“Figure 1 shows the thalamocortical circuits characterized by Sherman and Guillery (2006; see also Usrey & Sherman, 2018; Sherman & Guillery, 2013), which have two distinct projections converging on the principal TRCs of the pulvinar, D ow nloaded from http://direct.m…”
BackgroundOntogenetic establishment of order-specific nuclear organization in the mammalian thalamus
Shi, W., Xianyu, A., Han, Z., Tang, X., Li, Z., Zhong, H., Mao, T., Huang, K., & Shi, S. (2017) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4519 · Cited by 48
Fetal development of functional thalamocortical and cortico–cortical connectivity
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Habas, C., Manto, M. U., & Cabaraux, P. (2019) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-019-01019-3 · Cited by 68
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Self-citationComparison of functional thalamic segmentation from seed-based analysis and ICA
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Thalamus Controls Development and Expression of Arousal States in Visual Cortex
Murata, Y., & Colonnese, M. T. (2018) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1519-18.2018 · Cited by 44
A thousand brains: toward biologically constrained AI
Hole, K. J., & Ahmad, S. (2021) · SN Applied Sciences · doi:10.1007/s42452-021-04715-0 · Cited by 42
“Adapted from [41, 47]”
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Walker, J. D., MacLean, J. N., & Hatsopoulos, N. G. (2016) · Developmental Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/dneu.22461 · Cited by 45
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Worden, R., Bennett, M. S., & Neacsu, V. (2021) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2021.633872 · Cited by 46
In vivo clonal analysis reveals spatiotemporal regulation of thalamic nucleogenesis
Wong, S. Z. H., Scott, E. P., Mu, W., Guo, X., Borgenheimer, E., Freeman, M., Ming, G., Wu, Q., Song, H., & Nakagawa, Y. (2018) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2005211 · Cited by 37
“Sherman and colleagues (Sherman et al, 2016; Sherman and Guillery, 2013) have proposed that the three principal sensory and VA/VL nuclei in the thalamus receive strong subcortical input and relay the information to primary sensory and motor areas (“first-order” nuclei).”
BackgroundRockland, K. S. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroanatomy · doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00061 · Cited by 40
Distribution of the Noradrenaline Innervation and Adrenoceptors in the Macaque Monkey Thalamus
Pérez-Santos, I., Palomero‐Gallagher, N., Zilles, K., & Cavada, C. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhab073 · Cited by 39
Corticothalamic pathways from layer 5: emerging roles in computation and pathology
Mease, R. A., & Gonzalez, A. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2021.730211 · Cited by 36
Of Circuits and Brains: The Origin and Diversification of Neural Architectures
Martı́nez, P., & Sprecher, S. G. (2020) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.00082 · Cited by 38
“Finally, the “many to one, one to many” type (Figure 3D) is characterized by the appearance of “interactive association centers for cognitive” function (i.e., Sherman and Guillery, 2013).”
BackgroundThe neural bases of vertebrate motor behaviour through the lens of evolution
Suryanarayana, S. M., Robertson, B., & Grillner, S. E. (2021) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2020.0521 · Cited by 38
“By contrast, ‘higher-order’ relay neurons receive ‘driver input’ from layer 5 cortical neurons, as an efference copy of their output to subcortical motor centres in the brainstem and spinal cord [65,66].”
BackgroundPresynaptic and extrasynaptic regulation of posterior nucleus of thalamus
Park, A., Li, Y., Masri, R. M., & Keller, A. (2017) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00862.2016 · Cited by 37
Thalamic functional connectivity and its association with behavioral performance in older age
Goldstone, A., Mayhew, S. D., Hale, J. R., Wilson, R. S., & Bagshaw, A. P. (2018) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.943 · Cited by 34
Pulvinar Modulates Contrast Responses in the Visual Cortex as a Function of Cortical Hierarchy
de Souza, B. O. F., Cortes, N., & Casanova, C. (2019) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhz149 · Cited by 33
“This corticocentric view has been challenged in recent years since, besides direct communication between cortical areas through cortico-cortical connections, indirect communication through corticothalamocortical projections can also occur (Casanova 2004; Sherman and Guillery 2013).”
BackgroundZheng, W., Zhao, L., Zhao, Z., Liu, T., Hu, B., & Wu, D. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0874-22.2022 · Cited by 34
Layer 5 of cortex innervates the thalamic reticular nucleus in mice
Carroll, B. J., Sampathkumar, V., Kasthuri, N., & Sherman, S. M. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2205209119 · Cited by 32
Self-citationVontell, R., Supramaniam, V. G., Wyatt‐Ashmead, J., Gressèns, P., Rutherford, M., Hagberg, H., & Thornton, C. (2015) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0000000000000172 · Cited by 30
“TLR3 was identified in the glutamatergic axonal region of Round Large glutamatergic neurons (34) in controls (Fig.”
BackgroundA Computational Perspective of the Role of the Thalamus in Cognition
Dehghani, N., & Wimmer, R. D. (2019) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_01197 · Cited by 33
Neural mechanisms of sensorimotor transformation and action selection
Huda, R., Goard, M. J., Pho, G. N., & Sur, M. (2018) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14069 · Cited by 34
A transthalamic pathway crucial for perception
Mo, C., McKinnon, C., & Murray Sherman, S. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50163-w · Cited by 30
A Case for Thalamic Mechanisms of Schizophrenia: Perspective From Modeling 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Jiang, Y., Patton, M. H., & Zakharenko, S. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2021.769969 · Cited by 32
“Here we discuss aspects of thalamic function in the context of schizophrenia; a more comprehensive description of the anatomy and function of the thalamus is beyond the scope of this work and is reviewed elsewhere (Jones, 2007; Sherman and Guillery, 2013).”
MethodMassé, I. O., Ross, S., Bronchti, G., & Boire, D. (2016) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhw239 · Cited by 31
Cortical layer 6 control of sensory responses in higher‐order thalamus
Ansorge, J., Humanes-Valera, D., Pauzin, F. P., Schwarz, M. K., & Krieger, P. (2020) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp279915 · Cited by 29
“If the L6-Drd1 input to POm was purely of the ‘modulatory’ kind, a facilitation would instead have been expected (Sherman & Guillery, 2013).”
BackgroundAn ultrastructural connectomic analysis of a higher‐order thalamocortical circuit in the mouse
Sampathkumar, V., Miller-Hansen, A. J., Sherman, S. M., & Kasthuri, N. (2020) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.15092 · Cited by 7
“In contrast, higher-order thalamic nuclei such as the posterior medial nucleus relay information already in cortex from layer 5 of one area to another area, and thus play a key role in corticocortical communication (reviewed in Sherman, 2016; Sherman & Guillery, 2013)).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCortico‐thalamocortical interactions for learning, memory and decision‐making
Perry, B. A. L., Méndez, J. C., & Mitchell, A. S. (2022) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp282626 · Cited by 27
“…are characterized by having their primary driving inputs coming from layer V pyramidal neurons in the cortex, rather than from peripheral or sensory structures, as is the case for first-order thalamic nuclei (Guillery, 1995; Halassa & Sherman, 2019; Perry et al., 2021; Sherman & Guillery, 2013).”
BackgroundRao, R. P. N., Gklezakos, D. C., & Sathish, V. (2023) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_01627 · Cited by 39
“…of the cortex is remarkably similar across cortical areas (Mountcastle, 1978), hinting at a common computational principle, with superficial layers (layers 2-4) receiving and processing sensory information and deeper layers (layer 5) conveying outputs to motor centers (Sherman and Guillery, 2013).”
Lemniscal Corticothalamic Feedback in Auditory Scene Analysis
Homma, N. Y., & Bajo, V. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.723893 · Cited by 24
Khoueiry, C. E., Cabungcal, J.-H., Rovó, Z., Fournier, M., Kim, Q., & Steullet, P. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01425-2 · Cited by 22
Koster, K. P., & Sherman, S. M. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.97489 · Cited by 26
Self-citationChakraborty, S., Ouhaz, Z., Mason, S. A., & Mitchell, A. S. (2018) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14078 · Cited by 25
“…information to the cortex, but is also an important gate through which specific parts of the cortex can communicate rapidly with many other distributed cortical brain regions, via this transthalamic route of information transfer (Guillery, 2017; Sherman & Guillery, 2006, 2013; Sherman, 2016).”
BackgroundTransthalamic Pathways for Cortical Function
Sherman, S. M., & Usrey, W. M. (2024) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0909-24.2024 · Cited by 26
Self-citationLord, V., & Opacka‐Juffry, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00397 · Cited by 20
“The relationship between the thalamus and cortex is bidirectional as the cortex receives thalamocortical inputs and itself projects to the thalamus via corticothalamic fibers (Sherman and Guillery, 2013).”
BackgroundBoeken, O. J., Cieslik, E. C., Langner, R., & Markett, S. A. (2022) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-022-02603-w · Cited by 18
“…(Sherman and Guillery 2013; Sherman 2016): First order nuclei such as the ventral posterior (VP), medial (MGN), and lateral geniculate nuclei (LGN) receive input from sensory organs and other subcortical structures and relay this information to the cortex (Sherman and Guillery 2013; Sher-man 2016).”
BackgroundFunk, A. T., Hassan, A. A. O., Brüggemann, N., Sharma, N., Breiter, H. C., Blood, A. J., & Waugh, J. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1178473 · Cited by 17
“…the thalamus is much more than a passive relay for cortical information; the thalamus integrates information from diverse cortical inputs to stabilize and reshape cortical networks (Hwang et al., 2017) and mediates direct information transfer between cortical areas (Sherman and Guillery, 2013).”
BackgroundExploring Thalamocortical Interactions
Sherman, S. M., & Usrey, W. M. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780197503874.001.0001 · Cited by 14
Self-citationNunes, A. S., Kozhemiako, N., Hutcheon, E. A., Chau, C. M. Y., Ribary, U., GRUNAU, R. E., & Doesburg, S. M. (2020) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102275 · Cited by 12
“The thalamus acts as a sensory relay by directing peripherical information to the cortex and as an integrative hub for cortical representations by mediating cortico-cortical communication [Hwang et al., 2017; Jones, 1998; Malekmohammadi et al., 2015; Sherman and Guillery, 2013].”
BackgroundA shared central thalamus mechanism underlying diverse recoveries in disorders of consciousness
Zhang, H., Ge, Q., Liu, X., Dang, Y., Xu, L., Zhuang, Y., Wu, S., Laureys, S., He, J., & Yu, S. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-65360-4 · Cited by 13
A Reconsideration of the Core and Matrix Classification of Thalamocortical Projections
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“…be categorized based on the source of the information they relay to the cortex: fi rst-order relays receive such input from a subcortical source, whereas higher-order relays receive it from Layer 5 of the cortex (Guillery, 1995; Sherman and Guillery, 2013; Sherman, 2016; Usrey and Sherman, 2021).”
Self-citationShaping somatosensory responses in awake rats: cortical modulation of thalamic neurons
Hirai, D., Nakamura, K., Shibata, K., Tanaka, T., Hioki, H., Kaneko, T., & Furuta, T. (2017) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1522-z · Cited by 12
“9e, f) to relate the widely accepted theory of firing mode-dependent thalamic gating (Llinás and Steriade 2006; Sherman and Guillery 2013) to the response probability.”
BackgroundMayer, A., Lewenfus, G., de Bittencourt‐Navarrete, R. E., Clascá, F., & Franca, J. G. (2019) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhz051 · Cited by 11
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“The anatomical and functional properties of connections between the cortex and the pulvinar have been explored for decades (Sherman & Guillery, 2013).”
BackgroundStone, J. L., Bailes, J. E., Hassan, A. N. E.-D., Sindelar, B., Patel, V. A., & Fino, J. J. (2016) · Neurocritical Care · doi:10.1007/s12028-016-0298-y · Cited by 7
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A transthalamic pathway crucial for perceptionPreprint
Mo, C., McKinnon, C., Makitani, M., & Sherman, S. (2023) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.03.30.533323 · Cited by 16
“Driver projections are those that deliver stimulus information (Sherman and Guillery, 1998, 2013; Usrey and Sherman, 2021).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMcKinnon, C., Mo, C., & Sherman, S. M. (2025) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0002-25.2025 · Cited by 6
Self-citationComplementary Organization of Mouse Driver and Modulator Cortico-thalamo-cortical Circuits
Cassidy, R. M., Macias, A. V., Lagos, W. N., Ugorji, C., & Callaway, E. M. (2025) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1167-24.2024 · Cited by 5
A multimodal characterization of low-dimensional thalamocortical structural connectivity patterns
John, A., Hettwer, M. D., Schaare, H. L., Saberi, A., Bayrak, Ş., Wan, B., Royer, J., Bernhardt, B. C., & Valk, S. L. (2025) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-025-07528-8 · Cited by 8
“Theinternalorganizationofthethalamusishighlycomplex.”
Remembrance of things perceived: Adding thalamocortical function to artificial neural networks
Loeb, G. E. (2023) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2023.1108271 · Cited by 5
“The triadic circuits (Sherman and Guillery, 2013) have similarities to the Dense Associative Memory network proposed for Hopfield ANNs (Krotov and Hopfield, 2021).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialYazdanbakhsh, A., Barbas, H., & Zikopoulos, B. (2023) · Network Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/netn_a_00311 · Cited by 6
“one cortical area to another, in concert with or in addition to direct corticocortical pathways, forming a framework for rhythmic brain activity, including signal and spindle propagation across cortex (Brown et al., 2020; Halassa and Sherman, 2019; Jones, 2001; Sherman and Guillery, 2013; Sherman, 2012).”
BackgroundTime perception impairment following thalamic stroke: A case study
Mole, J. A., Winegardner, J., Malley, D., et al. (2017) · Neuropsychological Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09602011.2017.1383273 · Cited by 5
“Murray Sherman and Guillery (2013) suggested it is better conceptualised as a gate that can be open, shut, or somewhere in between, hence more of a filter than a gate.”
BackgroundWang, Q., Stepniewska, I., Liao, C., & Kaas, J. H. (2022) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.25410 · Cited by 4
“The functional roles of corticothalamic and thalamocortical connections depend on whether they are driving or modulating their target neurons (Sherman & Guillery, 2013).”
Tools with general AI and no existential risk
Hole, K. (2023) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-023-00271-y · Cited by 4
A Reduced-Scale Cortical Network with Izhikevich's Neurons on SpiNNaker
Chiplunkar, C., Gautam, N., Mediratta, I., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1109/ijcnn52387.2021.9534244 · Cited by 4
“We are aware that in biology, the retinal spiking information is conveyed to the Layer 4 cells of the visual cortex by the thalamocortical relay cells [1].”
BackgroundInfluentialFisher, A., & Rao, R. P. N. (2023) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad337 · Cited by 5
“1) is consistent with recent models of the neocortex that emphasize sensory-motor representations across cortical areas (27, 31, 38, 39).”
Oliveira, A. R., Nunes, R. G., Figueiredo, P., et al. (2020) · Brain Topography · doi:10.1007/s10548-020-00784-3 · Cited by 4
“3a), for which the main areas of cortical projection are well characterized (Sherman and Guillery 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialA Sensory-Motor Theory of the Neocortex based on Active Predictive CodingPreprint
Rao, R. P. N. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.12.30.522267 · Cited by 4
“However, based on recent evidence pointing to motor outputs from Layer 5 in essentially all cortical areas [4, 13–15, 17], the APC model Finally, the idea that the policy network outputs serve as a prior for selecting actions during planning provides a potential neural implementation of Gibson’s…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBíró, L., Buday, Z., Kóta, K., Lőrincz, S., & Acsády, L. (2025) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0539-25.2025 · Cited by 3
“L6 input is regarded as a canonical input to all thalamic nuclei (Acsády, 2022) whereas L5 innervates only a selected set of so-called “ higher order ” nuclei (Sherman and Guillery, 2013; Sherman, 2016).”
Modulation and Gating of Transthalamic and Subcortical Pathways through Somatosensory Thalamus
Koster, K. P., & Sherman, S. M. (2026) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0783-25.2026 · Cited by 4
Self-citationFarishta, R. A., Zouahi, H., & Casanova, C. (2021) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.25239 · Cited by 3
Nuclei and tracts in the thalamus of crocodiles
Pritz, M. B. (2024) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.25595 · Cited by 3
“Otherapproachestosub-dividethedorsalthalamushavebeenexplored(e.g., Jones,1998,2007; Macchi et al., 1983; Roy et al., 2022; Sherman & Guillery, 2006, 2013).”
Boeken, O. J., Cieslik, E. C., Langner, R., & Markett, S. A. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2017758/v1 · Cited by 3
Attentional cueing effects are reversed during locomotionPreprint
Djebbara, Z., Huynh, D. C., Koselevs, A., Chen, Y., Fich, L. B., & Gramann, K. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.01.07.631651 · Cited by 4
Geometry-Constrained Coupling Drives Critical Dynamics Across Neural ManifoldsPreprint
Phogat, R., Behler, A., Sonkusare, S., Pang, J. C. S., Koussis, N. C., Roberts, J. A., DeKraker, J., Dionisio, S. A., Shine, J. M., Fornito, A., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.07.674721 · Cited by 5
Dynamic Modulation of Beta-Band Oscillations in the LGN and Their Role in Visual Processing
Alitto, H. J., Sanchez, A. N., Alexander, P. C., & Usrey, W. M. (2026) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1342-25.2026 · Cited by 2
Spike Timing and Thalamocortical Interactions
Usrey, W. M., & Sherman, S. M. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780197503874.003.0010 · Cited by 2
Self-citationInformation as Entanglement—A Framework for Artificial General Intelligence
Hafez, W. (2023) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-19907-3_3 · Cited by 2
Direct excitatory loop and theta resonance in the anterior cingulate-mediodorsal thalamic circuit
Yoshimoto, A., Morikawa, S., Takeuchi, H., & Ikegaya, Y. (2025) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-025-08431-y · Cited by 1
Actor modeling of the working memory process
Gribkov, A. A., & Zelenskii, A. A. (2026) · Психология и Психотехника · doi:10.7256/2454-0722.2026.1.78662 · Cited by 1
Effinger, D. P., Hoffman, J. L., Quadir, S. G., Rollison, C. S., Toedt, D., Sanchez, M. E., High, M. W., Hodge, C. W., & Herman, M. A. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71481-1 · Cited by 1
“Though often thought of as a single brain region, the thalamus is comprised of several functionally distinctsubnuclei 27 .”
Mammalian Brains Seen through the Lens of Evolution
Sherman, S. M., & Usrey, W. M. (2026) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0217-26.2026 · Cited by 1
Self-citationGlutamatergic Drivers and Modulators
Usrey, W. M., & Sherman, S. M. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780197503874.003.0005 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Sherman, S. M., & Guillery, R. W.
- ORCID
- Sherman, S. Murray
- Venue
- The MIT Press eBooks
- Publisher
- The MIT Press
- Published
- 2013-08-09
- OpenAlex
- W4251156383
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 2.03
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The MIT Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- thalamocortical connections, thalamus, cerebral cortex, thalamic input, motor pathways, neural circuits, perception, cognition, behavior
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