The DOI matches its Crossref record; 58 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A 3D culture model of innervated human skeletal muscle enables studies of the adult neuromuscular junction
Open accessAbstract
Two-dimensional (2D) human skeletal muscle fiber cultures are ill-equipped to support the contractile properties of maturing muscle fibers. This limits their application to the study of adult human neuromuscular junction (NMJ) development, a process requiring maturation of muscle fibers in the presence of motor neuron endplates. Here we describe a three-dimensional (3D) co-culture method whereby human muscle progenitors mixed with human pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neurons self-organize to form functional NMJ connections. Functional connectivity between motor neuron endplates and muscle fibers is confirmed with calcium imaging and electrophysiological recordings. Notably, we only observed epsilon acetylcholine receptor subunit protein upregulation and activity in 3D co-cultures. Further, 3D co-culture treatments with myasthenia gravis patient sera shows the ease of studying human disease with the system. Hence, this work offers a simple method to model and evaluate adult human NMJ de novo development or disease in culture.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Ultrasensitive fluorescent proteins for imaging neuronal activity
Chen, T.-W., Wardill, T. J., Sun, Y., Pulver, S. R., Renninger, S. L., Baohan, A., Schreiter, E. R., Kerr, R. A., Orger, M. B., Jayaraman, V., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12354 · Cited by 6,474
Organogenesis in a dish: Modeling development and disease using organoid technologies
Lancaster, M. A., & Knoblich, J. A. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1247125 · Cited by 2,931
Bell, E., Ivarsson, B., & Merrill, C. (1979) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.76.3.1274 · Cited by 2,067
In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells
Zhang, S.-C., Wernig, M., Duncan, I. D., Brüstle, O., & Thomson, J. A. (2001) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt1201-1129 · Cited by 1,912
Multimodal fast optical interrogation of neural circuitry
Zhang, F., Wang, L.-P., Brauner, M., Liewald, J. F., Kay, K., Watzke, N., Wood, P. G., Bamberg, E., Nagel, G., Gottschalk, A., et al. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05744 · Cited by 1,738
Chemically defined conditions for human iPSC derivation and culture
Chen, G., Gulbranson, D. R., Hou, Z., Bolin, J. M., Ruotti, V., Probasco, M. D., Smuga-Otto, K., Howden, S. E., Diol, N. R., Propson, N. E., et al. (2011) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.1593 · Cited by 1,447
Hu, B.-Y., Weick, J. P., Yu, J., Ma, L.-X., Zhang, X.-Q., Thomson, J. A., & Zhang, S.-C. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0910012107 · Cited by 1,013
Molecular distinction between fetal and adult forms of muscle acetylcholine receptor
Mishina, M., Takai, T., Imoto, K., Noda, M., Takahashi, T., Numa, S., Methfessel, C., & Sakmann, B. (1986) · Nature · doi:10.1038/321406a0 · Cited by 1,001
Defective Neuromuscular Synaptogenesis in Agrin-Deficient Mutant Mice
Gautam, M., Noakes, P. G., Moscoso, L., Rupp, F., Scheller, R. H., Merlie, J. P., & Sanes, J. R. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81253-2 · Cited by 934
Falls, D. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90407-h · Cited by 607
Cited by
A guide to the organ-on-a-chip
Leung, C. M., de Haan, P., Ronaldson-Bouchard, K., Kim, G.-A., Ko, J., Rho, H. S., Chen, Z., Habibovic, P., Jeon, N. L., Takayama, S., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Methods Primers · doi:10.1038/s43586-022-00118-6 · Cited by 1,116
Self-Organizing 3D Human Trunk Neuromuscular Organoids
Faustino Martins, J.-M., Fischer, C., Urzi, A., Vidal, R., Kunz, S., Ruffault, P.-L., Kabuss, L., Hube, I., Gazzerro, E., Birchmeier, C., et al. (2020) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.007 · Cited by 336
Organs-on-a-chip models for biological research
Vunjak-Novakovic, G., Ronaldson-Bouchard, K., & Radisic, M. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.08.005 · Cited by 248
Ma, N., Chen, D., Lee, J.-H., Kuri, P., Hernandez, E. B., Kocan, J., Mahmood, H., Tichy, E. D., Rompolas, P., & Mourkioti, F. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abn0485 · Cited by 118
Metadata
- Authors
- Afshar Bakooshli, M., Lippmann, E. S., Mulcahy, B., Iyer, N., Nguyen, C. T., Tung, K., Stewart, B. A., van den Dorpel, H., Fuehrmann, T., Shoichet, M., Bigot, A., Pegoraro, E., Ahn, H., Ginsberg, H., Zhen, M., Ashton, R. S., & Gilbert, P. M.
- Venue
- eLife
- Publisher
- eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
- Published
- 2019-05-14
- Volume
- 8
- ISSN
- 2050-084X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2945467118
- Cited by
- 268
- References
- 58
- FWCI
- 9.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A 3D culture model of innervated human skeletal muscle enables studies of the adult neuromuscular junction. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.7554/elife.44530
- The paper
- Afshar Bakooshli, M., Lippmann, E. S., Mulcahy, B., Iyer, N., Nguyen, C. T., Tung, K., Stewart, B. A., van den Dorpel, H., Fuehrmann, T., Shoichet, M., Bigot, A., Pegoraro, E., Ahn, H., Ginsberg, H., Zhen, M., Ashton, R. S., & Gilbert, P. M. (2019). A 3D culture model of innervated human skeletal muscle enables studies of the adult neuromuscular junction. eLife. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.44530
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
