Shah, Nigam H.

Scalable and accurate deep learning with electronic health records

Rajkomar, A., Oren, E., Chen, K., Dai, A. M., Hajaj, N., Hardt, M., Liu, P. J., Liu, X., Marcus, J., Sun, M., et al. (2018) · npj Digital Medicine

Machine Learning in HealthcareElectronic Health Records Systems

Cited by 2,648

Implementing Machine Learning in Health Care — Addressing Ethical Challenges

Char, D. S., Shah, N. H., & Magnus, D. (2018) · New England Journal of Medicine

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 1,857

Toward expert-level medical question answering with large language models

Singhal, K., Tu, T., Gottweis, J., Sayres, R., Wulczyn, E., Amin, M., Hou, L., Clark, K., Pfohl, S. R., Cole-Lewis, H., et al. (2025) · Nature Medicine

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationTopic Modeling

Cited by 1,734

Rates of Co-infection Between SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Pathogens

Kim, D., Quinn, J., Pinsky, B., Shah, N. H., & Brown, I. (2020) · JAMA

COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesRespiratory viral infections research

Cited by 769

The BioPAX community standard for pathway data sharing

Demir, E., Cary, M. P., Paley, S., Fukuda, K., Lemer, C., Vastrik, I., Wu, G., D'Eustachio, P., Schaefer, C., Luciano, J., et al. (2010) · Nature Biotechnology

Bioinformatics and Genomic NetworksBiomedical Text Mining and Ontologies

Cited by 745

A Systematic Review of Testing and Evaluation of Healthcare Applications of Large Language Models (LLMs)

Bedi, S., Liu, Y., Orr-Ewing, L., Dash, D., Koyejo, S., Callahan, A., Fries, J. A., Wornow, M., Swaminathan, A., Lehmann, L. S., et al. (2024) · JAMA

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationMachine Learning in Healthcare

Cited by 738

Testing and Evaluation of Health Care Applications of Large Language Models: A Systematic Review

Bedi, S., Liu, Y., Orr-Ewing, L., Dash, D., Koyejo, S., Callahan, A., Fries, J. A., Wornow, M., Swaminathan, A., Lehmann, L. S., et al. (2025) · JAMA

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationMachine Learning in Healthcare

Cited by 662

What This Computer Needs Is a Physician: Humanism and Artificial Intelligence

Verghese, A., Shah, N. H., & Harrington, R. A. (2018) · JAMA

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationArtificial Intelligence Applications

Cited by 468

Defining the features and duration of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with disease severity and outcome

Röltgen, K., Powell, A. E., Wirz, O. F., Stevens, B. A., Hogan, C. A., Najeeb, J., Hunter, M., Wang, H., Sahoo, M. K., Huang, C., et al. (2020) · Science Immunology

SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchCOVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

Cited by 452

Creation and Adoption of Large Language Models in Medicine

Shah, N. H., Entwistle, D., & Pfeffer, M. A. (2023) · JAMA

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationMachine Learning in Healthcare

Cited by 435

MINIMAR (MINimum Information for Medical AI Reporting): Developing reporting standards for artificial intelligence in health care.

Hernandez-Boussard, T., Bozkurt, S., Ioannidis, J. P. A., & Shah, N. H. (2020) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 410

Ethical and regulatory challenges of large language models in medicine

Ong, J. C. L., Chang, S. Y.-H., William, W., Butte, A. J., Shah, N. H., Chew, L. S. T., Liu, N., Doshi-Velez, F., Lu, W., Savulescu, J., et al. (2024) · The Lancet Digital Health

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 342

Characterizing treatment pathways at scale using the OHDSI network

Hripcsak, G., Ryan, P. B., Duke, J. D., Shah, N. H., Park, R. W., Huser, V., Suchard, M. A., Schuemie, M. J., DeFalco, F. J., Perotte, A., et al. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Medical Coding and Health InformationMachine Learning in Healthcare

Cited by 326

The shaky foundations of large language models and foundation models for electronic health records

Wornow, M., Xu, Y., Thapa, R., Patel, B., Steinberg, E., Fleming, S., Pfeffer, M. A., Fries, J., & Shah, N. H. (2023) · npj Digital Medicine

Machine Learning in HealthcareArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education

Cited by 324

Making Machine Learning Models Clinically Useful

Shah, N. H., Milstein, A., & Bagley, P. (2019) · JAMA

Machine Learning in HealthcareArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Cited by 294

A curated and standardized adverse drug event resource to accelerate drug safety research

Banda, J. M., Evans, L., Vanguri, R. S., Tatonetti, N. P., Ryan, P. B., & Shah, N. H. (2016) · Scientific Data

Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug ReactionsData-Driven Disease Surveillance

Cited by 246

A Nondegenerate Code of Deleterious Variants in Mendelian Loci Contributes to Complex Disease Risk

Blair, D. R., Lyttle, C. S., Mortensen, J. M., Bearden, C. F., Jensen, A. B., Khiabanian, H., Melamed, R., Rabadan, R., Bernstam, E. V., Brunak, S., et al. (2013) · Cell

Genetic Associations and EpidemiologyGenomics and Rare Diseases

Cited by 215

Ethics of using and sharing clinical imaging data for artificial intelligence: a proposed framework

Larson, D. B., Magnus, D. C., Lungren, M. P., Shah, N. H., & Langlotz, C. P. (2020) · Radiology

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationEthics in Clinical Research

Cited by 199

AI, Health, and Health Care Today and Tomorrow: The JAMA Summit Report on Artificial Intelligence

Angus, D. C., Khera, R., Lieu, T., Liu, V., Ahmad, F. S., Anderson, B., Bhavani, S. V., Bindman, A., Brennan, T., Celi, L. A., et al. (2025) · JAMA

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 195

Bridging the implementation gap of machine learning in healthcare

Seneviratne, M. G., Shah, N. H., & Chu, L. (2020) · BMJ Innovations

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationMachine Learning in Healthcare

Cited by 173

External validation of AI models in health should be replaced with recurring local validation

Youssef, A., Pencina, M., Thakur, A., Zhu, T., Clifton, D., & Shah, N. H. (2023) · Nature Medicine

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 170

Key Considerations for Incorporating Conversational AI in Psychotherapy

Miner, A. S., Shah, N., Bullock, K. D., Arnow, B. A., Bailenson, J., & Hancock, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry

Digital Mental Health InterventionsArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education

Cited by 166

An empirical characterization of fair machine learning for clinical risk prediction

Pfohl, S. R., Foryciarz, A., & Shah, N. H. (2021) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIMachine Learning in Healthcare

Cited by 164

Language models are an effective representation learning technique for electronic health record data

Steinberg, E., Jung, K., Fries, J. A., Corbin, C. K., Pfohl, S. R., & Shah, N. H. (2021) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics

Machine Learning in HealthcareArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Cited by 132