The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Decreased Mortality in Users of Estrogen Replacement Therapy
Abstract
In a prospective study of 8881 postmenopausal female residents of a retirement community in southern California, we evaluated in detail the relationship between estrogen use and overall mortality. After 7 1/2 years of follow-up, there had been 1447 deaths. Women with a history of estrogen use had 20% lower age-adjusted, all-cause mortality than lifetime nonusers (95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 0.87). Mortality decreased with increasing duration of use and was lower among current users than among women who used estrogens only in the distant past. Current users with more than 15 years of estrogen use had a 40% reduction in their overall mortality. Among oral estrogen users, relative risks of death could not be distinguished by specific dosages of the oral estrogen taken for the longest time. Women who had used estrogen replacement therapy had a reduced mortality from all categories of acute and chronic arteriosclerotic disease and cerebrovascular disease. This group of women had a reduced mortality from cancer, although this reduction was not statistically significant. The mortality from all remaining causes combined was the same in estrogen users and lifetime nonusers.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Bush, T. L., Barrett-Connor, E., Cowan, L. D., Criqui, M. H., Wallace, R. B., Suchindran, C. M., Tyroler, H. A., & Rifkind, B. M. (1987) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.75.6.1102 · Cited by 1,346
A Prospective Study of Postmenopausal Estrogen Therapy and Coronary Heart Disease
Stampfer, M. J., Willett, W. C., Colditz, G. A., Rosner, B., Speizer, F. E., & Hennekens, C. H. (1985) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198510243131703 · Cited by 850
The Risk of Breast Cancer after Estrogen and Estrogen–Progestin Replacement
Bergkvist, L., Adami, H.-O., Persson, I., Hoover, R., & Schairer, C. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198908033210505 · Cited by 613
Wilson, P. W. F., Garrison, R. J., & Castelli, W. P. (1985) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198510243131702 · Cited by 601
Multiplicative Models and Cohort Analysis
Breslow, N. E., Lubin, J. H., Marek, P., & Langholz, B. (1983) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1983.10477915 · Cited by 565
Effect of Estrogen/Progestin Potency on Lipid/Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Wahl, P., Walden, C., Knopp, R., Hoover, J., Wallace, R., Heiss, G., & Rifkind, B. (1983) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198304143081502 · Cited by 362
Postmenopausal oestrogen treatment and stroke: a prospective study.
Paganini-Hill, A., Ross, R. K., & Henderson, B. E. (1988) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.297.6647.519 · Cited by 344
Self-citationRELIABILITY OF RECALL OF DRUG USAGE AND OTHER HEALTH-RELATED INFORMATION1
HILL, A. P., & ROSS, R. K. (1982) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113386 · Cited by 315
HUNT, K., VESSEY, M., MCPHERSON, K., & COLEMAN, M. (1987) · BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb03166.x · Cited by 288
A Case-Control Study of Menopausal Estrogen Therapy and Breast Cancer
Ross, R. K. (1980) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1980.03300420019018 · Cited by 254
Cited by
Hulley, S. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.280.7.605 · Cited by 6,216
Grodstein, F., Manson, J. E., Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C., Speizer, F. E., & Stampfer, M. J. (2000) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-133-12-200012190-00008 · Cited by 1,063
Sex differences in cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease
Li, R., & Singh, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.01.002 · Cited by 527
Neuroprotective effects of estrogens: potential mechanisms of action
Green, P. S., & Simpkins, J. W. (2000) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0736-5748(00)00017-4 · Cited by 523
Estrogen as a Neuroprotectant in Stroke
Hurn, P. D., & Macrae, I. M. (2000) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/00004647-200004000-00001 · Cited by 401
Metadata
- Authors
- Henderson, B. E.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1991-01-01
- Volume
- 151
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2073742942
- Cited by
- 632
- References
- 19
- FWCI
- 25.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Decreased Mortality in Users of Estrogen Replacement Therapy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1001/archinte.1991.00400010095012
- The paper
- Henderson, B. E. (1991). Decreased Mortality in Users of Estrogen Replacement Therapy. Archives of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1991.00400010095012
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.