Cited by 230Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchCancer-related cognitive impairment studiesAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

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Depression, Apolipoprotein E Genotype, and the Incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Prospective Cohort Study

Geda, Yonas E., Knopman, David S., Mrazek, David A., Jicha, Gregory A., Smith, Glenn E., Negash, Selamawit, Boeve, Bradley F., Ivnik, Robert J., Petersen, Ronald C., Pankratz, V. Shane, Rocca, Walter A.·2006·Archives of Neurology

DOI 10.1001/archneur.63.3.435

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: It remains unknown whether depression and apolipoprotein E genotype are risk factors for incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether elderly individuals with depression (measured by the short Geriatric Depression Scale) are at increased risk of developing incident MCI. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Primary care clinic. PARTICIPANTS: A cohort of 840 cognitively normal elderly subjects without depression at recruitment who were followed up prospectively for a median of 3.5 years (range, 0.4-12.8 years). Subjects who developed depression (score of >/=6 on the short Geriatric Depression Scale; depression cohort) were compared with all remaining subjects (referent cohort). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of MCI (primary outcome) and incidence of MCI or dementia (composite secondary outcome). RESULTS: Individuals in the depression cohort were at significantly increased risk of subsequent incident MCI (hazard ratio [HR], 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-4.1) after adjusting for age (time scale), sex, and education, and considering dementia as a competing outcome. The association was stronger in men but did not vary by severity of depression. We observed a synergistic interaction between apolipoprotein E genotype (epsilon3/epsilon4 or epsilon4/epsilon4) and depression (joint effect HR, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.9-13.6; test for additive interaction, P = .03). We found a similar association between depression and the subsequent composite outcome of incident MCI or dementia (HR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.6-4.3). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitively normal elderly individuals who develop depression are at increased risk of subsequent MCI. We found a synergistic interaction between depression and apolipoprotein E genotype.

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Self-citation

Authors: Geda, Y. E., Knopman, D. S., Mrazek, D. A., Jicha, G. A., Smith, G. E., Negash, S., Boeve, B. F., Ivnik, R. J., Petersen, R. C., Pankratz, V. S., & Rocca, W. A.
Affiliations: Mayo Clinic (US)
ORCID: Geda, Yonas E.
Knopman, David S.
Mrazek, David A.
Jicha, Gregory A.
Smith, Glenn E.
Boeve, Bradley F.
Petersen, Ronald C.
Pankratz, V. Shane
Rocca, Walter A.
Venue: Archives of Neurology
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2006-03-01
Volume: 63
Issue: 3
Pages: 435
ISSN: 0003-9942 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archneur.63.3.435
OpenAlex: W2167153475
Cited by: 230
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 10.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Archives of Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Mayo Clinic
National Institute on Aging (P50‐AG16574, U01AG06786, U01AG006786, P50AG016574)
National Institute of Mental Health (K01-MH68351, K01MH068351)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01-NS33978, R01NS033978)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords: depression, APOE genotype, mild cognitive impairment, dementia, older adults, Geriatric Depression Scale, genetic risk factors, synergistic interaction, cognitive decline
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Apolipoproteins E, Cognition Disorders, Demography, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk, Geriatric Assessment, Incidence, Proportional Hazards Models, Survival Analysis

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Depression, Apolipoprotein E Genotype, and the Incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Prospective Cohort Study

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