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The Relationship of Dietary Lipid Intake and Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Case-Control Study: AREDS Report No. 20
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of lipid intake with baseline severity of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). METHODS: Age-Related Eye Disease Study participants aged 60 to 80 years at enrollment (N = 4519) provided estimates of habitual nutrient intake through a self-administered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Stereoscopic color fundus photographs were used to categorize participants into 4 AMD severity groups and a control group (participants with <15 small drusen). RESULTS: Dietary total omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) intake was inversely associated with neovascular (NV) AMD (odds ratio [OR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41-0.90), as was docosahexaenoic acid, a retinal omega-3 LCPUFA (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36-0.80), comparing highest vs lowest quintile of intake, after adjustment for total energy intake and covariates. Higher fish consumption, both total and broiled/baked, was also inversely associated with NV AMD (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.37-1.00 and OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45-0.93, respectively). Dietary arachidonic acid was directly associated with NV AMD prevalence (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.04-2.29). No statistically significant relationships existed for the other lipids or AMD groups. CONCLUSION: Higher intake of omega-3 LCPUFAs and fish was associated with decreased likelihood of having NV AMD.
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“Some case–control studies have found evidence of decreasing risk of neovascular age-related macular degeneration among individuals reporting the highest intake of omega-3 fatty acids and fish,105,106 especially if in conjunction with lower levels of intake of linoleic acid.107”
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“…loss of the basal infoldings, atrophy, and hyperplasia, accumulation of immune cells such as macrophages or microglia, deposition of activated complement proteins, photoreceptor atrophy, retinal or choroidal neovascularization and fibrosis (Green, 1999; Green and Enger, 1993; Sarks, 1976).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group
- Affiliations
- Emmes (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group
- Venue
- Archives of Ophthalmology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2007-05-01
- Volume
- 125
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 671
- ISSN
- 0003-9950 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1534606983
- Cited by
- 283
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 22.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Archives of Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99 EY999999)
- National Eye Institute (ZIAEY000489)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- age-related macular degeneration, neovascular AMD, dietary fat intake, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid, fish consumption, arachidonic acid, drusen, dietary fat
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Energy Intake, Diet, Dietary Fats, Unsaturated, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Macular Degeneration, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Models, Statistical, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Odds Ratio, Case-Control Studies
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