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Oral Zinc in Macular Degeneration
Abstract
Macular degeneration associated with age and drusen, an important cause of severe visual loss in older persons, is of unknown cause. The sensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium, which are cell layers in zinc, appear to be prominently involved in the disease process. Because zinc plays a role in the metabolic function of several important enzymes in the chorioretinal complex, we undertook a prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of oral zinc administration on the visual acuity outcome in 151 subjects with drusen or macular degeneration. Although some eyes in the zinc-treated group lost vision, this group had significantly less visual loss than the placebo group after a follow-up of 12 to 24 months. This is the first controlled oral intervention study to show a positive, if limited, treatment effect in macular degeneration, a major public health problem. Because of the pilot nature of the study and the possible toxic effects and complications of oral zinc administration, widespread use of zinc in macular degeneration is not now warranted.
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“One small, randomized, 2-year, placebo-controlled clinical trial of zinc supplementation found a statistically significant reduction in visual acuity loss in the zinc-treated group and recommended a more definitive trial before a general recommendation could be made for zinc supplementation in those at risk of vision loss from advanced AMD. 27”
In the citing paper
“A small randomized trial, completed before AREDS began, suggested a benefit of large doses of zinc on visual acuity in persons with AMD.27”
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“Newsome et al.(20) were the first to report that replenishing Zn(2) by oral administration has a positive effect on AMD.”
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BackgroundZinc Nutrition and Inflammation in the Aging Retina
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Treatment of age‐related macular degeneration
Bylsma, G., & Guymer, R. H. (2005) · Clinical and Experimental Optometry · doi:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2005.tb06716.x · Cited by 23
An ideal ocular nutritional supplement?*
Bartlett, H. E., & Eperjesi, F. (2004) · Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics · doi:10.1111/j.1475-1313.2004.00218.x · Cited by 59
“Newsome et al. (1988) reported a positive effect of zinc on VA but it is unlikely that their study had enough statistical power to detect a significant difference between the study and placebo groups (Bartlett and Eperjesi, 2003).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMetabolomics and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Brown, C. N., Green, B., Thompson, R., den Hollander, A. I., & Lengyel, I. (2018) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo9010004 · Cited by 67
Recent advances in the understanding of the role of zinc in ocular tissues.
Ugarte, M., & Osborne, N. (2014) · Metallomics · doi:10.1039/c3mt00291h · Cited by 58
Newsome, D. (2008) · Current Eye Research · doi:10.1080/02713680802178437 · Cited by 58
Self-citationAntioxidants in the retinal pigment epithelium
Newsome, D., Miceli, M., Liles, M., Tate, D., & Oliver, P. D. (1994) · Progress in Retinal and Eye Research · doi:10.1016/1350-9462(94)90006-x · Cited by 58
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Newsome, D. A., Swartz, M., Leone, N. C., Elston, R. C., & Miller, E.
- Affiliations
- Louisiana State University (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- Utah State University (US)
- ORCID
- Elston, R. C.
- Venue
- Archives of Ophthalmology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1988-02-01
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 192-198
- ISSN
- 0003-9950 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2007111898
- Cited by
- 349
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 14.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- macular degeneration, oral zinc supplementation, drusen, age-related macular degeneration, visual acuity, retinal pigment epithelium, zinc toxicity, blindness prevention
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Clinical Trials as Topic, Double-Blind Method, Female, Fluorescein Angiography, Humans, Macular Degeneration, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Random Allocation, Zinc
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