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Relationship Between Insulin Resistance–Associated Metabolic Parameters and Anthropometric Measurements With Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Physical Activity Levels in US Adolescents: Findings From the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameters and anthropometric measurements with sugar-sweetened beverage intake and physical activity levels. DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. SETTING: Nationally representative samples of US adolescents participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during the years 1999-2004. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 6967 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. MAIN EXPOSURE: Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and physical activity levels. OUTCOME MEASURES: Glucose and insulin concentrations, a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, triglyceride concentrations, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) percentile for age and sex. RESULTS: Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that increased sugar-sweetened beverage intake was independently associated with increased HOMA-IR, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and body mass index percentile for age and sex and decreased HDL cholesterol concentrations; alternatively, increased physical activity levels were independently associated with decreased HOMA-IR, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, and triglyceride concentrations and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Furthermore, low sugar-sweetened beverage intake and high physical activity levels appear to modify each others' effects of decreasing HOMA-IR and triglyceride concentrations and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Sugar-sweetened beverage intake and physical activity levels are each independently associated with insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameters and anthropometric measurements in adolescents. Moreover, low sugar-sweetened beverage intake and high physical activity levels appear to modify each others' effects on several health-related outcome variables.
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“A number of cross-sectional studies found a positive association in the whole or a subset of their study population [62–65].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [65]
In the citing paper
“A modest number of studies reported a positive association between SSB consumption and insulin resistance risk among children and adolescents, with the majority conducted cross-sectionally [62–65], one conducted longitudinally [66] and no intervention studies conducted (Table 2).”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [65]
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“A modest number of studies reported a positive association between SSB consumption and insulin resistance risk among children and adolescents, with the majority conducted cross-sectionally [62–65], one conducted longitudinally [66] and no intervention studies conducted (Table 2).”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [65]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bremer, A. A., Auinger, P., & Byrd, R. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California Davis Medical Center (US)
- University of Rochester (US)
- Venue
- Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2009-04-06
- Volume
- 163
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 328
- ISSN
- 1072-4710 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4264593
- OpenAlex
- W2133450325
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 8.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024146, KL2RR024144)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- sugar-sweetened beverages, physical activity, insulin resistance, adolescents, HOMA-IR, anthropometry, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and insulin, dietary change
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Anthropometry, Beverages, Blood Glucose, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Energy Metabolism, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Motor Activity, Nutrition Surveys, Probability, Sex Factors, Sweetening Agents, United States, Body Mass Index, Multivariate Analysis, Linear Models, Young Adult
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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