The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Childhood Sexual Abuse and Adult Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders in Women: An Epidemiological and Cotwin Control Analysis
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Women who report childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are at increased risk for developing psychiatric disorders in adulthood. What is the diagnostic specificity and cause of this association? METHODS: In a population-based sample of 1411 female adult twins, 3 levels of CSA were assessed by self-report and cotwin report: nongenital, genital, and intercourse. Interviews with twins and parents assessed family background and diagnoses of psychiatric and substance dependence disorders. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by logistic regression. RESULTS: By self-report, 30.4% reported any CSA and 8.4% reported intercourse. Self-reported CSA was positively associated with all disorders, the highest ORs being seen with bulimia and alcohol and other drug dependence. The ORs were modest and often nonsignificant with nongenital CSA and increased with genital CSA and especially intercourse, where most ORs exceeded 3.0. A similar pattern of findings was seen with CSA as reported by the cotwin, although many ORs were smaller. Controlling for family background factors and parental psychopathology produced a small to modest reduction in ORs. In twin pairs discordant for CSA, the exposed twin was at consistently higher risk of illness. CONCLUSIONS: Women with CSA have a substantially increased risk for developing a wide range of psychopathology. Most of this association is due to more severe forms of CSA and cannot be explained by background familial factors. Although other biases cannot be ruled out, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that CSA is causally related to an increased risk for psychiatric and substance abuse disorders.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In a study of 1,411 adult twin females, Kendler and colleagues (2000) found that CSA was equally predictive of a wide array of psychiatric disorders;”
From Child Sexual Abuse as a Unique Risk Factor for the Development of Psychopathology: The Compounded Convergence of Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as Kendler et al. 2000
In the citing paper
“AORs for major depression, generalized anxiety disorders, panic disorder, bulimia nervosa, and alcohol and drug use disorders ranged from 2.5 to 6.5.”
From Child Sexual Abuse as a Unique Risk Factor for the Development of Psychopathology: The Compounded Convergence of Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as Kendler et al. 2000
In the citing paper
“on the basis of these findings, the authors posited that CSA may not have any diagnostic specificity per se but instead may act to lower the threshold for expression of psychopathology when there is already a genetic predisposition.”
From Child Sexual Abuse as a Unique Risk Factor for the Development of Psychopathology: The Compounded Convergence of Mechanisms (2021) · cites this paper as Kendler et al. 2000
In the citing paper
“For instance, it has been found that the risk of psychiatric disorders is higher for childhood sexual abuse that involves intercourse compared with nongenital sexual abuse (Kendler et al., 2000).”
From Stressful life events increase the risk of major depressive episodes: A population-based twin study (2023) · cites this paper as Kendler et al., 2000
In the citing paper
“Second, recent behavioral genetics research (19) suggests that the negative outcomes associated with child abuse cannot be accounted for by genetic factors.”
From Early experience is associated with the development of categorical representations for facial expressions of emotion (2002) · cites this paper as [19]
Citations
Cites
A parental bonding instrument.
Parker, G., Tupling, H., & Brown, L. B. (1979) · British Journal of Medical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02487.x · Cited by 3,788
Turner, C. F., Ku, L. C., Rogers, S., Lindberg, L., Pleck, J. H., & Sonenstein, F. L. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.280.5365.867 · Cited by 2,048
The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID)
Williams, J. B. W. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820080038006 · Cited by 1,641
A meta-analytic examination of assumed properties of child sexual abuse using college samples.
Rind, B., Tromovitch, P., & Bauserman, R. L. (1998) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.124.1.22 · Cited by 982
Clinical Characteristics of Women With a History of Childhood Abuse: Unhealed Wounds
McCauley, J. (1997) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03540410040028 · Cited by 904
FERGUSSON, D. M., HORWOOD, L. J., & LYNSKEY, M. T. (1996) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199610000-00024 · Cited by 826
Childhood Sexual Abuse and Mental Health in Adult Life
Mullen, P. E., Martin, J. L., Anderson, J. C., Romans, S. E., & Herbison, P. (1993) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.163.6.721 · Cited by 678
The genetic epidemiology of bulimia nervosa.
(1991) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.148.12.1627 · Cited by 631
Sexual assault and mental disorders in a community population.
Burnam, M. A., Stein, J. A., Golding, J. M., Siegel, J. M., Sorenson, S. B., Forsythe, A. B., & Telles, C. A. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.843 · Cited by 620
The Genetic Epidemiology of Phobias in Women
Kendler, K. S. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820040025003 · Cited by 551
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–114 of 114
Familial influence and childhood trauma in female alcoholism
Magnusson, Å., Lundholm, C., Göransson, M., Copeland, W., Heilig, M., & Pedersen, N. L. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291711001310 · Cited by 46
Powers, A., Fani, N., Pallos, A., Stevens, J., Ressler, K. J., & Bradley, B. (2014) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/j.psym.2013.10.004 · Cited by 43
Multiple risk factors predict recurrence of major depressive disorder in women
van Loo, H. M., Aggen, S. H., Gardner, C. O., & Kendler, K. S. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.045 · Cited by 45
Self-citationTrauma exposure and Axis I psychopathology: A cotwin control analysis in Norwegian young adults.
Brown, R. C., Berenz, E. C., Aggen, S. H., Gardner, C. O., Knudsen, G. P., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Kendler, K. S., & Amstadter, A. B. (2014) · Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0034326 · Cited by 45
Self-citationSchäfer, I., Teske, L., Schulze-Thüsing, J., Homann, K., Reimer, J., Haasen, C., Hissbach, J., & Wiedemann, K. (2010) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000294362 · Cited by 41
Childhood maltreatment and alcohol use in young adulthood: the role of self-regulation processes
Shin, S. H., Jiskrova, G. K., & Wills, T. A. (2019) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.006 · Cited by 41
An observational study of type, timing, and severity of childhood maltreatment and preterm birth
Selk, S. C., Rich-Edwards, J. W., Koenen, K., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2016) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2015-206304 · Cited by 36
Stressful life events increase the risk of major depressive episodes: A population-based twin study
Bjørndal, L. D., Kendler, K. S., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., & Ystrom, E. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291722002227 · Cited by 35
“…on the risk of depression has been suggested for a number of specific SLEs included in the current study, such as assault (Kendler et al., 1999a, 2010), sexual abuse (Kendler et al., 2000; Kendler & Aggen, 2014; Nelson et al., 2002), and romantic problems and job loss (Kendler & Gardner, 2001).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationTapering opioids: a comprehensive qualitative review
Davis, M. P., Digwood, G., Mehta, Z., & McPherson, M. L. (2020) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm.2019.12.10 · Cited by 33
Brewerton, T. D., Gavidia, I., Suro, G., Perlman, M. M., Genet, J., & Bunnell, D. W. (2021) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.2864 · Cited by 33
Kendler, K. S., Aggen, S. H., Li, Y., Lewis, C. M., Breen, G., Boomsma, D. I., Bot, M., Penninx, B. W. J. H., & Flint, J. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714003067 · Cited by 32
Self-citationPechtel, P., Woodman, A., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2012) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2012.5.3.316 · Cited by 26
Adrenocortical and pituitary glucocorticoid feedback in abstinent alcohol-dependent women
Adinoff, B., Best, S. E., Ye, W., Williams, M. J., & Iranmenesh, A. (2010) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01164.x · Cited by 20
Kendler, K. S., & Gardner, C. O. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291717000277 · Cited by 12
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Kendler, K. S., Bulik, C. M., Silberg, J., Hettema, J. M., Myers, J., & Prescott, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2000-10-01
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 953
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2145856053
- Cited by
- 1,259
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 68 · 2014: 78 · 2013: 78 · 2012: 79
- FWCI
- 35.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- John Templeton Foundation
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- National Institutes of Health (5k05mh001277-05)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA009095, AA-09095)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-01277, R01MH040828, MH 40828)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Keywords
- child sexual abuse, women, mental illness, substance use disorders, alcoholism, drug addiction, bulimia nervosa, incest, causal relationship, family background, parental psychopathology, twin discordance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Diseases in Twins, Family Relations, Female, Humans, Parents, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, Odds Ratio, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry), Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
