The DOI matches its Crossref record; 93 of the 93 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Enhancing Recovery From Sepsis: A Review
Open accessAbstract
Importance: Survival from sepsis has improved in recent years, resulting in an increasing number of patients who have survived sepsis treatment. Current sepsis guidelines do not provide guidance on posthospital care or recovery. Observations: Each year, more than 19 million individuals develop sepsis, defined as a life-threatening acute organ dysfunction secondary to infection. Approximately 14 million survive to hospital discharge and their prognosis varies. Half of patients recover, one-third die during the following year, and one-sixth have severe persistent impairments. Impairments include development of an average of 1 to 2 new functional limitations (eg, inability to bathe or dress independently), a 3-fold increase in prevalence of moderate to severe cognitive impairment (from 6.1% before hospitalization to 16.7% after hospitalization), and a high prevalence of mental health problems, including anxiety (32% of patients who survive), depression (29%), or posttraumatic stress disorder (44%). About 40% of patients are rehospitalized within 90 days of discharge, often for conditions that are potentially treatable in the outpatient setting, such as infection (11.9%) and exacerbation of heart failure (5.5%). Compared with patients hospitalized for other diagnoses, those who survive sepsis (11.9%) are at increased risk of recurrent infection than matched patients (8.0%) matched patients (P < .001), acute renal failure (3.3% vs 1.2%, P < .001), and new cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] range, 1.1-1.4). Reasons for deterioration of health after sepsis are multifactorial and include accelerated progression of preexisting chronic conditions, residual organ damage, and impaired immune function. Characteristics associated with complications after hospital discharge for sepsis treatment are not fully understood but include both poorer presepsis health status, characteristics of the acute septic episode (eg, severity of infection, host response to infection), and quality of hospital treatment (eg, timeliness of initial sepsis care, avoidance of treatment-related harms). Although there is a paucity of clinical trial evidence to support specific postdischarge rehabilitation treatment, experts recommend referral to physical therapy to improve exercise capacity, strength, and independent completion of activities of daily living. This recommendation is supported by an observational study involving 30 000 sepsis survivors that found that referral to rehabilitation within 90 days was associated with lower risk of 10-year mortality compared with propensity-matched controls (adjusted HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92-0.97, P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance: In the months after hospital discharge for sepsis, management should focus on (1) identifying new physical, mental, and cognitive problems and referring for appropriate treatment, (2) reviewing and adjusting long-term medications, and (3) evaluating for treatable conditions that commonly result in hospitalization, such as infection, heart failure, renal failure, and aspiration. For patients with poor or declining health prior to sepsis who experience further deterioration after sepsis, it may be appropriate to focus on palliation of symptoms.
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“Around 15% develop one to two significant functional limitations, cognitive impairments, or mental health conditions”
From On race, human variation, and who gets and dies of sepsis (2022) · cites this paper as Prescott & Angus, 2018
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Nearly 60% of all people released from hospitals after sepsis are readmitted within the year. Approximately 40% die within 2 years, 80% within 5 years”
From On race, human variation, and who gets and dies of sepsis (2022) · cites this paper as Prescott & Angus, 2018
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Additionally, living in neighborhoods with low SES is associated with an increased risk of sepsis (575), community-acquired bacteremia (575) and death from bacteremia (576) and worse outcomes (577).”
From Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2021. (2021) · cites this paper as [577]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Almost 40% of sepsis survivors are re-hospitalised within 3 months, often for preventable conditions [580], contributing to increased healthcare costs [581].”
From Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [580]
In the citing paper
“In addition, sepsis survivors are at increased risk for recurrent infection, AKI and new cardiovascular events compared to patients hospitalised for other diagnoses [580].”
From Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [580]
In the citing paper
“There are a growing number of online resources and informational brochures regarding “post intensive care” / “post-sepsis syndrome”
From Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [580]
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, based on their strong rationale, and benefit in related populations [580] (e.g., older patients with cognitive impairment, patients following stroke or traumatic brain injury), we suggest referral to rehabilitation programmes in survivors of sepsis.”
From Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [580]
In the citing paper
“Clinical studies have shown that the incidence of moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment in patients who survive severe sepsis is as high as 70% (Prescott & Angus, 2018).”
From The modulatory effects of gut microbes and metabolites on blood-brain barrier integrity and brain function in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (2023) · cites this paper as Prescott & Angus, 2018
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Bench-to-Bedside Insights into the Challenges of Immunosuppression in Sepsis
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“Furthermore, about 40% of survivors are rehospitalized within 90 days of discharge, and one-sixth suffer from long-term disability [12].”
Prescott, H. C., Weinstein, J. B., Seelye, S. M., Buxbaum, J., Bernstein, S. J., Cahill, M., Heath, M. E., Hsaiky, L. M., Horowitz, J. K., Jayaprakash, N., et al. (2026) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1016/j.chest.2026.03.002 · Cited by 3
“8 They also are presumed to improve longer-term, nonmortality outcomes, 4 although improved short-term survival does not always translate to improved nonmortality outcomes.”
Self-citationMachine Learning Models for Sepsis: From Early Detection to Short- and Long-Term Prognosis
Ristori, M. V., Ruffini, F., Spoto, S., Cammarata, R., Vaccara, V. L., Bani, L., Caputo, D. D., Soda, P., Guarrasi, V., & Angeletti, S. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27062721 · Cited by 3
“…underscore the dynamic nature of sepsis prognosis, where acute mortality is predominantly driven by hemodynamic collapse and multiorgan dysfunction [49], while later outcomes increasingly reflect the interplay between systemic inflammation, infection type, and patient-specific vulnerabilities [42].”
Host-directed immune therapies: a second front in the battle against sepsis
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Evidence-based updates to the 2021 Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines Part 2
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“Postsepsis management should emphasize identifi cation of new-onset cognitive, mental, and physical issues with referral to peer support groups and physical, occupational, speech, and/or psychological therapy as indicated; evaluating and adjusting chronic medications in relation to progression of symptoms or organ fai…”
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A goal-oriented reinforcement learning for optimal drug dosage control
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Goals of Care Assessment during Hospitalization for Sepsis
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Self-citationHan, Y., Kang, L., Liu, X., Zhuang, Y., Chen, X., & Li, X. (2021) · Hereditas · doi:10.1186/s41065-021-00206-9 · Cited by 3
“Introduction Sepsis is an acute organ dysfunction that is secondary to infection [1].”
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“However, an acute systemic inflammatory response such as sepsis usually results in a dysregulated cytokine storm which causes a massive inflammatory cascade and irreversible organ dysfunction [4].”
Epidemiological analysis of septic shock in the plateau region of China
Li, Q., Chai, W., Wang, X., Cheng, L., Cai, X., Fu, J., Pan, W., & Guoying, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.968133 · Cited by 3
“Worldwide, the sepsis mortality rate exceeds 25%, and about three million patients with sepsis who survive have cognitive impairment (4).”
BackgroundPathway analysis of sepsis-induced changes gene expression
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Evidence-based updates to the 2021 Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines
Lehman, K. D. (2022) · The Nurse Practitioner · doi:10.1097/01.npr.0000884868.44595.f6 · Cited by 3
“Among patients who survive a hospitalization for sepsis, in the 2 years after discharge, about half recover, compared with one-third who die and one-sixth who experience persistent impairments.(52) There is increased attention on postsepsis syndrome, which includes multiple longterm problems that reduce quality of lif…”
BackgroundHeraud, S. O., Shah, V., Perez-Gutierrez, V. A., Al-Khateeb, M., Fraga, S. G., Afzal, A., Rubin, M., Edding, S. N., Nino, J., Horoub, A., et al. (2022) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac606 · Cited by 3
“Prognosis of these survivors following discharge varies, with half of the patients recovering, a third dying within the first year, and one-sixth remaining with severe persisting impairments [1].”
The onset of sepsis as experienced by patients and family members: A qualitative interview study
Olander, A., Andersson, H., Sundler, A. J., Hagiwara, M. A., & Bremer, A. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.16785 · Cited by 3
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Sepsis: Die Folgen für betroffene Patienten und das Gesundheitssystem
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“Prescott et al. zeigten in einer vergleichenden Studie: Patienten nach Sepsis wurden ▪ häufiger innerhalb von 90 Tagen stationär wiederaufge- nommen als Patienten nach Infektion (11,9% vs. 8,0 %), ▪ häufiger wegen einer erneuten Sepsis behandelt (6,4 % vs. 2,8 %; alle p < 0,001) und ▪ häufiger wiederaufgenommen wegen…”
BackgroundInfluentialFactores asociados con la mortalidad en el adulto mayor con choque séptico
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Persistant Enflamasyon, İmmünosüpresyon ve Katabolizma Sendromu
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“Despite substantial investment in sepsis healthcare and research over the past few decades, there has been limited progress in developing new disease therapies [13, 14, 15] or prognostic tools [16, 17].”
Mortality trends in sepsis… or how to kill two birds with one stone?
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Novel Identification of CD74 as a Biomarker for Diagnosing and Prognosing Sepsis Patients
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“24 Furthermore, more disadvantaged patients have a higher risk of read-mission following treatment for sepsis, 25 indicating that patients in higher ADI neighborhoods may lack access to care or resources for follow-up.”
Be-SNAP: the Belgian Sepsis National Action Plan
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“One-sixth of survivors experience severe long-term impairment, including functional limitations, cognitive de fi cits, and mental health challenges (5).”
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Post-ICU Care Trajectories and Outcomes Among Veterans
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Metadata
- Authors
- Prescott, H. C., & Angus, D. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2018-01-02
- Volume
- 319
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 62
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC5839473
- OpenAlex
- W2782135811
- Semantic Scholar
- 98cad261fafa6b5df5332a165d01f11de1afd48e
- Cited by
- 1,059
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 143 · 2025: 149 · 2024: 161 · 2023: 142 · 2022: 124 · 2021: 135 · 2020: 103 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 32
- FWCI
- 65.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM097471, K08GM115859)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Keywords
- sepsis survivors, post-hospital care, post-discharge rehabilitation, physiotherapy referral, functional recovery, cognitive impairment, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, hospital readmission, recurrent infections, acute kidney injury, cardiovascular events, activities of daily living, sepsis severity, immune dysfunction, hospital quality of care, sepsis management guidelines
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Mental Disorders, Cognition Disorders, Hospitalization, Humans, Sepsis
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