Binding and Neutralization Antibody Titers After a Single Vaccine Dose in Health Care Workers Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Current shortages in COVID-19 vaccine production and distribution have led some experts to suggest untested regimens.1 Persons who have had COVID-19 are thought to have protective immunity and memory responses 2 for at least 6 months; however, neither recall responses nor ideal vaccine dosing regimens have been studied in those previously infected with SARS-CoV-2.We assessed whether health care workers with previous COVID-19 infection could mount recall responses to a single dose of an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine.Methods | Health care workers who had previously enrolled in a hospital-wide serosurvey study, 3 conducted from July to August 2020 at the University of Maryland Medical Center, were randomly contacted based on stratification into 3 groups: SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody-negative (Ab-negative); IgG-positive asymptomatic COVID-19 (asymptomatic); and IgG-positive with history of symptomatic COVID-19 (symptomatic).Participants were vaccinated with either the Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna vaccine, depending on personal preference and availability.Blood was drawn at days 0 (baseline), 7, and 14 postvaccination in December 2020 and January 2021 (draws could be within 1 day from assigned day).Plasma was tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG to spike trimer, which was modified from an assay 4 to give a readout of half-
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Vaccination increased plasma RBD antibody levels in convalescent individuals, with IgG titres increasing by nearly 30-fold compared with unvaccinated individuals.
“Consistent with previous reports5–8, vaccination increased the plasma RBD antibody levels, with IgG titres increasing by nearly 30-fold compared with unvaccinated individuals (Fig. 1a, right).”
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Estimates based on serological data from blood donors suggest substantial geographic variability in detection rates, which may contribute to observed differences in reinfection patterns by province.
“Estimates based on serological data from blood donors suggest substantial geographic variability in detection rates ( 22 ), which may contribute to the observed differences in reinfection patterns by province (fig. S1).”
From Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of Omicron in South Africa (2021) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Saadat, S., Rikhtegaran Tehrani, Z., Logue, J., Newman, M., Frieman, M. B., Harris, A. D., & Sajadi, M. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
- Corresponding author
- Sajadi, Mohammad M.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2021-04-13
- Volume
- 325
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 1467
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC7922233
- OpenAlex
- W3134757598
- Cited by
- 364
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 127 · 2021: 184
- FWCI
- 28.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01CK000556)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI147870)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 vaccines, mRNA vaccines, prior COVID-19 infection, single-dose vaccination, healthcare workers, neutralizing antibodies, asymptomatic infection, symptomatic infection, BNT162b2, Moderna vaccine, seroconversion
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, mRNA Vaccines, Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Viral, Female, Health Personnel, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Male, Middle Aged, Vaccines, Synthetic, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Asymptomatic Infections
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