Incidence Estimate of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer (Keratinocyte Carcinomas) in the US Population, 2012
Open accessAbstract
IMPORTANCE: Understanding skin cancer incidence is critical for planning prevention and treatment strategies and allocating medical resources. However, owing to lack of national reporting and previously nonspecific diagnosis classification, accurate measurement of the US incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has been difficult. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of NMSC (keratinocyte carcinomas) in the US population in 2012 and the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the 2012 Medicare fee-for-service population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study analyzes US government administrative data including the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Physicians Claims databases to calculate totals of skin cancer procedures performed for Medicare beneficiaries from 2006 through 2012 and related parameters. The population-based National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey database was used to estimate NMSC-related office visits for 2012. We combined these analyses to estimate totals of new skin cancer diagnoses and affected individuals in the overall US population. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Incidence of NMSC in the US population in 2012 and BCC and SCC in the 2012 Medicare fee-for-service population. RESULTS: The total number of procedures for skin cancer in the Medicare fee-for-service population increased by 13% from 2,048,517 in 2006 to 2,321,058 in 2012. The age-adjusted skin cancer procedure rate per 100,000 beneficiaries increased from 6075 in 2006 to 7320 in 2012. The number of procedures in Medicare beneficiaries specific for NMSC increased by 14% from 1,918,340 in 2006 to 2,191,100 in 2012. The number of persons with at least 1 procedure for NMSC increased by 14% (from 1,177,618 to 1,336,800) from 2006 through 2012. In the 2012 Medicare fee-for-service population, the age-adjusted procedure rate for BCC and SCC were 3280 and 3278 per 100,000 beneficiaries, respectively. The ratio of BCC to SCC treated in Medicare beneficiaries was 1.0. We estimate the total number of NMSCs in the US population in 2012 at 5,434,193 and the total number of persons in the United States treated for NMSC at 3,315,554. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study is a thorough nationwide estimate of the incidence of NMSC and provides evidence of continued increases in numbers of skin cancer diagnoses and affected patients in the United States. This study also demonstrates equal incidence rates for BCC and SCC in the Medicare population.
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There is a clear difference in sensitivity to UV-induced neoplasia between corneal epithelial and epidermal cells.
“Although the cornea shares functional and structural similarities with the skin, there is a clear difference in sensitivity to UV-induced neoplasia between corneal epithelial and epidermal cells.”
From Faster DNA Repair of Ultraviolet-Induced Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers and Lower Sensitivity to Apoptosis in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells than in Epidermal Keratinocytes (2016) · cites this paper as [26]
The Discussion (page unavailable) addresses nonmelanoma skin cancer incidence and mentions chronic UV exposure, but does not compare corneal epithelial cells with epidermal cells. Searches for corneal sensitivity, UV-induced neoplasia, and a cornea–skin comparison found no passage addressing the claimed difference. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Rogers, H. W., Weinstock, M. A., Feldman, S. R., & Coldiron, B. M.
- Affiliations
- Advanced Dermatology (US)
- Brown University (US)
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- University of Cincinnati Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rogers, Howard W.
- Venue
- JAMA Dermatology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2015-10-01
- Volume
- 151
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1081
- ISSN
- 2168-6068 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2040600853
- Cited by
- 1,815
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 94 · 2025: 152 · 2024: 193 · 2023: 187 · 2022: 213 · 2021: 214 · 2020: 232 · 2019: 179 · 2018: 150 · 2017: 114 · 2016: 73 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 89.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA Dermatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Keywords
- non-melanoma skin cancer, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, skin cancer incidence, Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, incidence estimation, National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, skin cancer prevention
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Carcinoma, Basal Cell, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Female, Medicare, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Skin Neoplasms, United States, Keratinocytes, Incidence, Databases, Factual, Health Care Surveys
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