Cited by 204Digital Mental Health InterventionsTelemedicine and Telehealth ImplementationMobile Health and mHealth Applications

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A Solution-Focused Research Approach to Achieve an Implementable Revolution in Digital Mental Health

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Mohr, David C., Riper, Heleen, Schueller, Stephen M.·2018·JAMA Psychiatry

DOI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.3838

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“Moreover, it is particularly relevant for technology-based interventions by examining the contextual and implementation factors concerning how any intervention is performed and why [8].”
Influential
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“…the clinical translation and ensure the long-term real-life utilisation of the technological innovations, DMHIs, DHTs, and digitalisation initiatives must be designed in close interaction with stakeholders, tailored to the needs of patients and therapists and, aligned with clinical workflows [3].”
Background
Reach and uptake of digital mental health interventions based on cognitive-behavioral therapy for college students: a systematic review
D'Adamo, L., Paraboschi, L., Claire Grammer, A., Fennig, M., Graham, A. K., Yaeger, L. H., Newman, M. G., Wilfley, D. E., Barr Taylor, C., Eisenberg, D., et al. (2023) · Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jbct.2023.05.002 · Cited by 37
Therapeutic engagement in robot‐assisted psychological interventions: A systematic review
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Grand Challenges in Human Factors and Digital Health
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“Instead, we have proposed elsewhere, that phases of create, trial, and sustain, might be more appropriate when it comes to digital health (8).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
A maturing mindfulness-based cognitive therapy reflects on two critical issues
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“) (40, 41) to support and improve mental health conditions and provide mental healthcare including screening, health promotion, prevention, early intervention, treatment, or relapse prevention (42).”
Background
Matching depression management to severity prognosis in primary care: results of the Target-D randomised controlled trial
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“Human-centered design is increasingly employed in health care innovation to enhance user experience, thereby promoting engagement [13-17].”
Background
A national evaluation of a multi‐modal, blended, digital intervention integrated within Australian youth mental health services
Álvarez‐Jiménez, M., Nicholas, J., Valentine, L., Liu, P., Mangelsdorf, S. N., Baker, S., Gilbertson, T., O'Loughlin, G., McEnery, C., McGorry, P. D., et al. (2024) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13751 · Cited by 30
“10,60,62 This study uniquely features an integrated digital platform implemented across a large number of services, across a large swathe of Australia, and across varied states that have distinct health bureaucracies.”
An Exploratory Investigation of Chatbot Applications in Anxiety Management: A Focus on Personalized Interventions
Manole, A., Cârciumaru, R., Brînzaș, R., & Manole, F. (2024) · Information · doi:10.3390/info16010011 · Cited by 37
Identifying user-centered content, design, and features for mobile health apps to support long-term assessment, behavioral intervention, and transitions of care in neurological rehabilitation: An exploratory study
Osborne, C. L., Juengst, S. B., & Smith, E. E. (2020) · British Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1177/0308022620954115 · Cited by 32
“Therefore, we propose a multi-phase, user-centered study design (Lyon and Koerner, 2016; Mohr et al., 2018) to develop an mHealth app intervention for community-based individuals with acquired brain injuries (stroke and TBI) and their care partners.”
Method
Pokémon GO Within the Context of Family Health: Retrospective Study
Militello, L. K., Hanna, N., & Nigg, C. R. (2018) · JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting · doi:10.2196/10679 · Cited by 30
“Research is needed to advance the real-world implementation of digital health interventions [22,100].”
Background
Integrating User-Centered Design and Behavioral Science to Design a Mobile Intervention for Obesity and Binge Eating: Mixed Methods Analysis
Graham, A. K., Munson, S. A., Reddy, M. C., Neubert, S. W., Green, E. A., Chang, A., Spring, B. J., Mohr, D. C., & Wildes, J. E. (2020) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/23809 · Cited by 28
“However, the approach to date of simply translating an evidence-based face-to-face intervention to a digital format has not worked; the process relies on what clinicians think users need, the way in which in-person services are delivered does not align with how people engage with their phones [16,17], and it fails to…”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Designing Digital Interventions for Eating Disorders
Graham, A. K., Kosmas, J. A., & Massion, T. A. (2023) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-023-01415-x · Cited by 33
“ED e at in g di so rd er , B N b ul im ia n er vo sa , B ED b in ge e at in g di so rd er , A N a no re xi a ne rv os a 131 Current Psychiatry Reports (2023) 25:125–138”
Background
Efficacy of Gamified Digital Mental Health Interventions for Pediatric Mental Health Conditions
Bryant, B. R., Sisk, M. R., & Mcguire, J. F. (2024) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.3139 · Cited by 30
Towards A Framework for Mobile Behavior Change Research
Okeke, F., Sobolev, M., & Estrin, D. L. (2018) · Technology, Mind, and Society Conference (TechMindSociety) · doi:10.1145/3183654.3183706 · Cited by 27
“We design the framework as a solution-focused research approach [20, 33] that explores behavior change in real-world settings in a standardized, extensible, and replicable way.”
Method
Understanding University Students' Perspectives towards Digital Tools for Mental Health Support: A Cross-country Study
Riboldi, I., Calabrese, A., Piacenti, S., Capogrosso, C. A., Paioni, S. L., Bartoli, F., Carrà, G., Armes, J., Taylor, C., & Crocamo, C. (2024) · Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health · doi:10.2174/0117450179271467231231060255 · Cited by 34
Design considerations for a multiple sclerosis fatigue mobile app MS Energize: A pragmatic iterative approach using usability testing and resonance checks
van Kessel, K., Babbage, D. R., Kersten, P., Drown, J., Sezier, A., Thomas, P., & Thomas, S. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100371 · Cited by 25
“Mohr et al. (2018), and Wilson et al. (2018) suggest we need to consider more agile and efficient approaches to mHealth development and evaluation lifecycles.”
Background
Research to Clinical Practice—Youth seeking mental health information online and its impact on the first steps in the patient journey
Scott, J. L., Hockey, S. J., Ospina‐Pinillos, L., Doraiswamy, P. M., Álvarez‐Jiménez, M., & Hickie, I. B. (2021) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13390 · Cited by 30
Developing a Theory of Change for a Digital Youth Mental Health Service (Moderated Online Social Therapy): Mixed Methods Knowledge Synthesis Study
Cross, S. P. M., Nicholas, J., Mangelsdorf, S. N., Valentine, L., Baker, S. T. E., McGorry, P. D., Gleeson, J., & Álvarez‐Jiménez, M. (2023) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/49846 · Cited by 26
“Additionally, there has been a historical, global failure to integrate digital interventions into real-world mental health services [19].”
Background
Use of Technology in the Assessment and Treatment of Eating Disorders in Youth
Sadeh‐Sharvit, S. (2019) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2019.05.011 · Cited by 25
Moderated Online Social Therapy for Young People With Active Suicidal Ideation: Qualitative Study
Bailey, E., Robinson, J., Álvarez‐Jiménez, M., Nedeljkovic, M., Valentine, L., Bendall, S., D’Alfonso, S., Gilbertson, T., McKechnie, B., & Rice, S. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/24260 · Cited by 23
“In addition, although the integration of digital interventions with existing mental health services may have several benefits, including improved treatment engagement and outcomes [20,21], to date there have been limited efforts to integrate web-based and face-to-face treatments for young people with suicidal thoughts…”
Background
Digital Technology to Enhance Clinical Care of Early Psychosis
Bell, I., & Álvarez‐Jiménez, M. (2019) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-019-00182-y · Cited by 27
Insights into internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for public safety personnel: Exploration of client experiences during and after treatment
Beahm, J. D., McCall, H. C., Carleton, R. N., Titov, N., Dear, B., & Hadjistavropoulos, H. D. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100481 · Cited by 23
Digital Parenting Interventions for Fathers of Infants From Conception to the Age of 12 Months: Systematic Review of Mixed Methods Studies
Xie, E. B., Jung, J. W., Kaur, J., Benzies, K., Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M., & Keys, E. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/43219 · Cited by 23
“Extending eHealth to intervention delivery (referred to as digital interventions hereafter) helps address some of the common barriers associated with engaging with traditional health care services, such as accessibility, costs, availability, and time [1,27,28].”
“I finally felt I had the tools to control these urges”: Empowering Students to Achieve Their Device Use Goals With the Reduce Digital Distraction Workshop
Lyngs, U., Lukoff, K., Slovák, P., Inzlicht, M., Freed, M., Andrews, H., Tinsman, C., Csuka, L., Alberts, L., de Mello, V. O., et al. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642946 · Cited by 27
“…evidence on the potential of specific interventions [49], but the practical challenge of how to scaffold a process by which people can browse multiple DSCTs and apply the options most relevant to their personal goals across their device ecosystem, has so far received limited attention [55, 80].”
BackgroundInfluential
Role of a Digital Return-To-Work Solution for Individuals With Common Mental Disorders: Qualitative Study of the Perspectives of Three Stakeholder Groups
Engdahl, P., Svedberg, P., Lexén, A., & Bejerholm, U. (2020) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/15625 · Cited by 24
“Service user empowerment is emerging as a focal point in mental health research and reforms, but the understanding of how to implement such a paradigm shift is still underdeveloped [74]. mWorks may have a role to play in such a paradigm shift.”
Acceptability and Feasibility of the Transfer of Face-to-Face Group Therapy to Online Group Chats in a Psychiatric Outpatient Setting During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Observational Study
Scholl, J., Kohls, E., Görges, F., Steinbrecher, M., Baldofski, S., Moessner, M., & Rummel-Kluge, C. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/27865 · Cited by 22
“E-mental health and web-based interventions, as in, the provision of psychosocial or psychotherapeutic support through information and communication technologies, have emerged as an important area in psychotherapy service and research over the past decade [1-3].”
Background
Influencing factors associated with mental workload among nurses: A latent profile analysis
Jin, M., Qian, R., Wang, J., Long, J., Yuan, Z., Zeng, L., Liao, D., Liu, X., Tang, S., & Huang, S. (2024) · International Journal of Nursing Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2024.04.002 · Cited by 20
“…who adopt negative coping strategies tend to focus more on the negative aspects of events, negate the sense of achievement from work and self-worth, and increase MWL. Mohr et al. [51] also showed that groups with higher MWL were more inclined to yield and avoid when faced with work pressure.”
Background
Applying User-Centered Design Methods to Understand Users' Day-to-Day Experiences Can Inform a Mobile Intervention for Binge Eating and Weight Management
Graham, A. K., Neubert, S. W., Chang, A., Liu, J., Fu, E., Green, E. A., Kornfield, R., & Nicholas, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2021.651749 · Cited by 21
“Too often, digital health interventions have been designed based on what clinicians think intervention consumers need without sufficiently accounting for what they want (8, 9).”
Background
Latent profile analysis of mental workload among emergency department nurses: a cross-sectional study
Hao, X., Dai, Y., Jia, S., Liu, S., Zhao, C., & Liu, X. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-02976-3 · Cited by 19
“Groups with higher mental workload are more likely to show avoidance or surren-der when facing work pressures [39].”
Chatbot to Support the Mental Health Needs of Pregnant and Postpartum Women (Moment for Parents): Design and Pilot Study
McAlister, K. L., Baez, L. M., Huberty, J., & Kerppola, M. (2025) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/72469 · Cited by 31
“First, Moment for Parents was developed using HCD, which is thought to enhance engagement with digital mental health interventions [40].”
Digitally supported CBT to reduce paranoia and improve reasoning for people with schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis: the SlowMo RCT
Garety, P. A., Ward, T., Emsley, R., Greenwood, K., Freeman, D. H., Fowler, D. G., Kuipers, E., Bebbington, P., Dunn, G., & Hardy, A. (2021) · Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation · doi:10.3310/eme08110 · Cited by 19
Digital and remote behavioral therapies for treating tic disorders: Recent advances and next steps
Khan, K., Hollis, C. P., Murphy, T. L., & Hall, C. L. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.928487 · Cited by 20
“Optimizing user experience, which is deﬁned as the extent to which an intervention is perceived by a person as useful, enjoyable and user friendly, has great potential to address barriers to successful future implementation (39).”
Background
Induction of Efficacy Expectancies in an Ambulatory Smartphone-Based Digital Placebo Mental Health Intervention: Randomized Controlled Trial
Stalujanis, E., Neufeld, J., Stalder, M. G., Belardi, A., Tegethoff, M., & Meinlschmidt, G. (2020) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/20329 · Cited by 19
“In addition, it is well known that, after initial involvement, users of digital mental health interventions tend to put those away [50].”
Internet‐based psychological therapies: A qualitative study of National Health Service commissioners and managers views
Simon, N. A., Ploszajski, M., Lewis, C., Smallman, K., Roberts, N. P., Kitchiner, N., Brookes‐Howell, L., & Bisson, J. I. (2021) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12341 · Cited by 22
“…use of Internet-based therapies for stress, anxiety, and depression in England found inconsistency in their use and their recommendation across the country (Bennion, Hardy, Moore, & Millings, 2017), and LI treatment adoption in clinical practice remains limited (Mohr, Riper, & Schueller, 2017).”
Background
Development of the eTAP-T: A measure of mental health professionals' attitudes and process towards e-interventions
Clough, B. A., Rowland, D. P., & Casey, L. M. (2019) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2019.100288 · Cited by 20
“Despite the efficacy and advantages of e-interventions, substantial barriers exist that often limit MHPs' referral, implementation and dissemination of e-interventions (Carper et al., 2013; Mohr et al., 2017; Mohr et al., 2015; Reynolds et al., 2015).”
Background
Examining Potential Barriers to mHealth Implementation and Engagement in Schizophrenia: Phone Ownership and Symptom Severity
Luther, L., Buck, B., Fischer, M. W., Johnson-Kwochka, A. V., Coffin, G., & Salyers, M. P. (2020) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-020-00162-7 · Cited by 18
“Few studies have taken a solution-focused approach to understanding and addressing the practical barriers to mHealth implementation (Mohr et al. 2018), including understanding the availability of digital technologies and services and addressing clinician attitudes.”
Background
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Among Psychologists in a Medical Setting: A Survey on Implementation
IJzerman, R. V. H., van der Vaart, R., & Evers, A. W. M. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/13432 · Cited by 17
“However, implementation of iCBT in clinical practice remains a challenge [23,24], and different health care settings show different usages of iCBT.”
Acceptance of Using Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technology for Mental Health Interventions: The Development and Initial Validation of the UTAUT‐AI‐DMHI
Békés, V., Bőthe, B., & Doorn, K. A. (2025) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.70085 · Cited by 18
Care manager perspectives on integrating an mHealth app system into clinical workflows: A mixed methods study
Bechtel, J. M., LePoire, E., Bauer, A. M., Bowen, D. J., & Fortney, J. C. (2020) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.10.004 · Cited by 16
Videokonsultationen durch Psychotherapeuten in Zeiten der COVID-19-Pandemie
Haun, M. W., Hoffmann, M., Tönnies, J., Dinger, U., Hartmann, M., & Friederich, H.-C. (2020) · Psychotherapeut · doi:10.1007/s00278-020-00438-6 · Cited by 14
Developing the Workforce of the Digital Future: Leveraging Technology to Train Community-Based Mobile Mental Health Specialists
Buck, B., Kopelovich, S. L., Tauscher, J. S., Chwastiak, L., & Ben‐Zeev, D. (2022) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-022-00270-6 · Cited by 15
“Digital health interventions pre-sent a promising means of addressing population mental health needs (Arevian et al., 2020; Friis-Healy et al., 2021; Rauschenberg et al., 2021); however, several barriers prevent this promise from being actualized in real-world settings (Mohr et al., 2018).”
Background
Feasibility, Perceived Impact, and Acceptability of a Socially Assistive Robot to Support Emotion Regulation With Highly Anxious University Students: Mixed Methods Open Trial
Williams, A. J., Freed, M., Theofanopoulou, N., Roquet, C. D., Klasnja, P., Gross, J. J., Schleider, J. L., & Slovák, P. (2023) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/46826 · Cited by 19
“This supports emerging arguments about the benefits of interventions that draw on extensive user-centered design approaches and focus on addressing the day-to-day needs of target populations [18,57,58].”
Background
Blended cognitive behavior therapy : efficacy and acceptability for treating depression in the adult and adolescent population
Topooco, N. (2018) · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-148016 · Cited by 16
Trusting the bot: Addressing the ethical challenges of consumer digital mental health therapy
Martinez‐Martin, N. (2020) · Developments in neuroethics and bioethics · doi:10.1016/bs.dnb.2020.03.003 · Cited by 14
Preliminary effects of a digital mental health intervention for depression and anxiety
van Orden, M. L., Kraaijeveld, J. C., Spijker, A. T., Silven, A. V., Bonten, T. N., Chavannes, N. H., & van Dijke, A. (2022) · Clinical eHealth · doi:10.1016/j.ceh.2022.06.002 · Cited by 13
A Novel Blended Transdiagnostic Intervention (eOrygen) for Youth Psychosis and Borderline Personality Disorder: Uncontrolled Single-Group Pilot Study
O’Sullivan, S., McEnery, C., Cagliarini, D., Hinton, J. D. X., Valentine, L., Nicholas, J., Chen, N. A., Castagnini, E., Lester, J., Kanellopoulos, E., et al. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/49217 · Cited by 13
“However, despite young people’s preferences and calls for the integration of face-to-face and web-based services [16,41], current mental health services rarely provide this type of integrated web-based support [42].”
Background
Engagement, Use, and Impact of Digital Mental Health Resources for Diverse Populations in COVID-19: Community-Partnered Evaluation
Wells, K. B., Thames, A. D., Young, A. S., Zhang, L., Heilemann, M. V., Romero, D. F., Oliva, A., Jones, F., Tang, L., Brymer, M. J., et al. (2022) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/42031 · Cited by 13
“Commentaries emphasize “solution-focused” approaches to digital mental health, with attention to user experience and an intervention target of engagement (usefulness, usability, satisfaction, use, contacts with others), consistent with community-engaged approaches [19-21].”
Background

Authors: Mohr, D. C., Riper, H., & Schueller, S. M.
Affiliations: Northwestern University (US)
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
ORCID: Mohr, David C.
Riper, Heleen
Schueller, Stephen M.
Venue: JAMA Psychiatry
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2018-02-01
Volume: 75
Issue: 2
Pages: 113
ISSN: 2168-622X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.3838
OpenAlex: W2772874515
Cited by: 204
References: 7
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 9
FWCI: 16.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: JAMA Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
VU Research Portal (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
Keywords: digital mental health, implementation, digital health interventions, mental health technology
MeSH terms: Mental Disorders, Computers, Forecasting, Health Plan Implementation, Humans, Mental Health Services, Motivation, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Biomedical Research, Mobile Applications

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A Solution-Focused Research Approach to Achieve an Implementable Revolution in Digital Mental Health

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