Cited by 216COVID-19 and Mental HealthMental Health Treatment and AccessMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

Addressing the mental health impact of COVID-19 through population health

Open access
Boden, Matt, Zimmerman, Lindsey, Azevedo, Kathryn J., Ruzek, Josef I., Gala, Sasha, Abdel Magid, Hoda S., Cohen, Nichole, Walser, Robyn +3 more·2021·Clinical Psychology Review

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has and will continue to result in negative mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety and traumatic stress in people and populations throughout the world. A population mental health perspective informed by clinical psychology, psychiatry and dissemination and implementation science is ideally suited to address the broad, multi-faceted and long-lasting mental health impact of the pandemic. Informed by a systematic review of the burgeoning empirical research on the COVID-19 pandemic and research on prior coronavirus pandemics, we link pandemic risk factors, negative mental health outcomes and appropriate intervention strategies. We describe how social risk factors and pandemic stressors will contribute to negative mental health outcomes, especially among vulnerable populations. We evaluate the scalability of primary, secondary and tertiary interventions according to mental health target, population, modality, intensity and provider type to provide a unified strategy for meeting population mental health needs. Traditional models, in which evidence-based therapies delivered are delivered in-person, by a trained expert, at a specialty care location have proved difficult to scale. The use of non-traditional models, tailoring preventive interventions to populations based on their needs, and ongoing coordinated evaluation of intervention implementation and effectiveness will be critical to refining our efforts to increase reach.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102006

Cites

161 of 161 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Those themes (third cluster) appear to be still early in their development, but they have a great potential for growth, possibly fuelled by a greater variation in discussions and approaches to mental health prevention driven by the COVID-19 impact and the challenges posed for sustainable healthcare in the future.

    “Those themes appear to be still early in their development, but they have a great potential for growth, possibly fuelled by a greater variation in discussions and approaches to mental health prevention driven by the COVID-19 impact and the challenges posed for sustainable healthcare in the future [75,76,77].”

    From Evolution of Primary Research Studies in Digital Interventions for Mental Well-Being Promotion from 2004 to 2023: A Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on the Web of Science (2024) · cites this paper as [76]

    Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 1 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • A substantial number of survivors of disasters, pandemics, and other severe stressors develop persistent distress that impairs mental health and well-being.

    “A substantial number of survivors of disasters, pandemics, and other severe stressors develop persistent distress that impairs mental health and well-being.”

    From Promoting Recovery from Disasters, Pandemics, and Trauma: A Systematic Review of Brief Psychological Interventions to Reduce Distress in Adults, Children, and Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [2]

    In “Prevention targets > Negative mental health outcomes” (page unavailable), the paper says pandemic-related distress is likely common and may be long-lasting or develop into a diagnosable disorder. “Prevention targets” adds that some outcomes may be functionally impairing. It does not establish that a substantial number develop persistent, impairing distress, or extend that finding to survivors of disasters generally. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Natural hazards and man-made disasters, pandemics, and other traumatic events can lead to psychological harm.

    “Natural hazards and man-made disasters (e.g., floods and mass violence; [1]), pandemics (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic; [2]), but also other traumatic events (e.g., train accidents; [3]) can lead to psychological harm.”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

6 of the 167 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Posttraumatic stress disorder prevention and treatment guidelines: Methodology and recommendations 2019 Chicago International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies USA 2019 Retrieved August 1, 2020, from https://istss.org/clinical-resources/treating-trauma/new-istss-prevention-and-treatment-guidelines 31283056

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Boden, M., Zimmerman, L., Azevedo, K. J., Ruzek, J. I., Gala, S., Abdel Magid, H. S., Cohen, N., Walser, R., Mahtani, N. D., Hoggatt, K. J., & McLean, C. P.
Affiliations
  • University of Washington (US)
  • VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
  • Palo Alto University (US)
  • University of Kansas (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
Venue
Clinical Psychology Review
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-04
Volume
85
Pages
102006
ISSN
0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3134293787
Cited by
216
References
167
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 20 · 2019: 1
FWCI
5.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Clinical Psychology Review (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • VA HSR&D
  • US Department of Defense
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords
COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, population mental health, depression, anxiety, traumatic stress, vulnerable populations, social risk factors, pandemic stressors, scalable interventions, dissemination and implementation research, prevention, intervention effectiveness evaluation
MeSH terms
Population Health, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Mental Disorders, Humans

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review