Structure and Process in Life‐Span Cognitive Development
Abstract
We examine alternative conceptualizations of cognitive change across the life span and endorse a model in which cognition is considered in terms of representation and control components, each with its own life-course trajectory. Support for this position is provided from examples of change in language, cognitive, and memory abilities across the life span. We discuss the implications of this view for understanding the observed symmetry between cognitive development in childhood and cognitive decline in older age, but conclude that the symmetry is more apparent than real. Whereas child development is associated with increasing richness of representations and more effective control, later adulthood is characterized by a decline in control but a largely intact representational structure.
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Lifespan studies from middle childhood into late adulthood have typically revealed both the rise and the fall of executive function.
“Nonetheless, lifespan studies from middle childhood into late adulthood have typically revealed both the rise and the fall of EF (Bialystok & Craik, 2010; Jacques & Marcovitch, 2010; Salthouse & Davis, 2006).”
From NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB): Validation of Executive Function Measures in Adults (2014) · cites this paper as Bialystok & Craik, 2010
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NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB): Validation of Executive Function Measures in Adults
Zelazo, P. D., Anderson, J. E., Richler, J., Wallner-Allen, K., Beaumont, J. L., Conway, K. P., Gershon, R., & Weintraub, S. (2014) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617714000472 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
- Authors
- Bialystok, E., & Craik, F. I. M.
- Affiliations
- York University (CA)
- Rotman Research Institute (CA)
- Venue
- The Handbook of Life‐Span Development
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-07-26
- OpenAlex
- W1482183892
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 1
- Type
- other
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- cognitive change, representation, cognitive control, cognitive aging, cognitive decline, language development, memory, child development, later adulthood
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