Cited by 245Electrocatalysts for Energy ConversionGraphene research and applicationsSupercapacitor Materials and Fabrication

Defect Engineering and Surface Functionalization of Nanocarbons for Metal‐Free Catalysis

Ortiz‐Medina, Josue, Wang, Zhipeng, Cruz‐Silva, Rodolfo, Morelos‐Gomez, Aaron, Wang, Feng, Yao, Xiangdong, Terrones, Mauricio, Endo, Morinobu·2019·Advanced Materials

Abstract

With the advent of carbon nanotechnology, which initiated significant research efforts more than two decades ago, novel materials for energy harvesting and storage have emerged at an amazing pace. Nevertheless, some fundamental applications are still dominated by traditional materials, and it is especially evident in the case of catalysis, and environmental‐related electrochemical reactions, where precious metals such as Pt and Ir are widely used. Several strategies are being explored for achieving competitive and feasible metal‐free carbon nanomaterials, among which doping and defect engineering approaches within nanocarbons are recurrent and promising. Here, the most recent efforts regarding the control of doping and defects in carbon nanostructures for catalysis, and in particular for energy‐related applications, are addressed. Finally, an overview of alternative proposals that can make a difference when enabling carbon nanomaterials as efficient and emerging catalysts is presented.

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Crossref · 10.1002/adma.201805717

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103 of 103 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Numerous publications on relevant carbon-based materials have already emphasized the indispensable impacts of high curvature regions (or highly strained regions), pentagon defects, edges, and vacancies in the carbocatalysis.

    “Numerous publications on relevant carbon-based materials have already emphasized the indispensable impacts of high curvature regions (or highly strained regions), pentagon defects, edges, and vacancies in the carbocatalysis.149”
  • S atoms have an electronegativity (2.58) similar to carbon, unlike B (2.05) and N.

    “Different from B (Pauling scale χb = 2.05) and N atoms, S atoms (Pauling scale χs = 2.58) display a similar electronegativity to that of carbon atoms.149”
  • Graphitic N in the carbon lattice can decrease the dissociation energy barrier of adsorbed oxygen species, which may account for sustainable oxygen species activation.

    “Meanwhile, the graphitic N in carbon lattice could decrease the dissociation energy barrier of absorbed oxygen species, 149 which is expected to account for the sustainable oxygen species activation.”

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Authors
Ortiz‐Medina, J., Wang, Z., Cruz‐Silva, R., Morelos‐Gomez, A., Wang, F., Yao, X., Terrones, M., & Endo, M.
Affiliations
  • Universidad Panamericana Facultad de Ingeniería Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer 101 Aguascalientes Ags 20290 México
  • Jiangxi Normal University (CN)
  • Shinshu University (JP)
  • Global Aqua Innovation Center Shinshu University Nagano City 380‐8553 Japan
  • State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering (CN)
  • Griffith University (AU)
  • Pennsylvania State University (US)
Corresponding author
  • Wang, Feng
  • Yao, Xiangdong
  • Terrones, Mauricio
  • Endo, Morinobu
Venue
Advanced Materials
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2019-01-27
Volume
31
Issue
13
Pages
e1805717-e1805717
ISSN
  • 0935-9648 (ISSN-L)
  • 1521-4095
OpenAlex
W2914737237
Cited by
245
References
103
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 10
FWCI
1.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Advanced Materials (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
Funders
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Graphene research and applications
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
Keywords
defect engineering, surface functionalization, carbon nanomaterials, metal-free catalysis, doping, electrocatalysis, energy storage, energy harvesting, precious metal alternatives, electrochemical reactions
MeSH terms
Pyrolysis, Carbon, Catalysis, Hydrogen, Models, Molecular, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxygen, Surface Properties, Nanotechnology, Nanostructures

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