A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019
Open accessAbstract
In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause was linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. A previously unknown betacoronavirus was discovered through the use of unbiased sequencing in samples from patients with pneumonia. Human airway epithelial cells were used to isolate a novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which formed a clade within the subgenus sarbecovirus, Orthocoronavirinae subfamily. Different from both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, 2019-nCoV is the seventh member of the family of coronaviruses that infect humans. Enhanced surveillance and further investigation are ongoing. (Funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China and the National Major Project for Control and Prevention of Infectious Disease in China.).
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Compared to the general older population, people with dementia have increased rates of cerebrovascular disease, stroke, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, skin ulcers, anxiety and depression, pneumonia, incontinence, and electrolyte disturbance.
“Compared to the general older population, people with dementia have increased rates of cerebrovascular disease,243, 244, 245, 246 stroke,247 Parkinson's disease,243, 245 diabetes,245, 247 skin ulcers, anxiety and depression,243, 245 pneumonia, incontinence, and electrolyte disturbance.245”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission (2020) · cites this paper as [245]
The Results > Patients section describes three adults hospitalized with pneumonia in Wuhan; it does not compare people with dementia against the general older population. Searches for dementia, stroke, diabetes, and comparative comorbidity rates found no passage addressing the claim. The shared mention of pneumonia does not establish an increased rate in people with dementia. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBuilding-level strategies are key to reducing the spread of airborne infectious diseases.
“showing that building-level strategies are key to reducing the spread of airborne infectious diseases.40, 127, 401, 402, 403”
From The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic (2022) · cites this paper as [40]
B.1.351 was the most resistant to neutralization by convalescent or vaccinee sera, with 6- to 15-fold less neutralization activity for sera from individuals immunized with vaccines based on the WA1 strain.
“In multiple studies, B.1.351 was the most resistant to neutralization by convalescent or vaccinee sera, with 6- to 15-fold less neutralization activity for sera from individuals immunized with vaccines based on the virus strain first described in January 2020 (Wuhan-Hu-1, spike also called WA1) (2–9).”
From Durability of mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
Most prior studies evaluated sera from vaccinated individuals soon after the first or second dose and had limited data on the durability of such responses.
“Most of these prior studies have evaluated sera from vaccinated individuals at time points soon after the first or second dose and have had limited data on the durability of such responses.”
From Durability of mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
Because CoV-2 can infect cells in the lower respiratory tract, the finding that human olfactory epithelium sustentacular cells express ACE2 at levels similar to the non-nasal respiratory tract is consistent with the possibility that these cells express ACE2 at a level permissive for direct infection.
“As CoV-2 can infect cells in the lower respiratory tract (40, 45), these results are consistent with the possibility that specific cell types in the human olfactory epithelium express ACE2 at a level that is permissive for direct infection.”
From Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia (2020) · cites this paper as [45]
Over the past decades, bat-borne viruses have caused major outbreaks, including Ebola, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome, and COVID-19.
“Over the past decades, bat-borne viruses have caused major outbreaks, including Ebola, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome, and COVID-19, highlighting the pressing need for strategies to mitigate spillover risks ( 7 – 10 ).”
From Ecological vaccination: A strategy to prevent zoonotic spillover from bats (2026) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., Zhao, X., Huang, B., Shi, W., Lu, R., Niu, P., Zhan, F., Ma, X., Wang, D., Xu, W., Wu, G., Gao, G. F., & Tan, W.
- Affiliations
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Wenjie
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2020-02-20
- Volume
- 382
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 727-733
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC7092803
- OpenAlex
- W3001897055
- Cited by
- 28,244
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 434 · 2025: 839 · 2024: 1681 · 2023: 2837 · 2022: 4957 · 2021: 7830 · 2020: 9609 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 829.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, novel coronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Sarbecovirus, human airway epithelial cells, virus isolation, Wuhan, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adult, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, Cells, Cultured, China, Epithelial Cells, Female, Humans, Lung, Male, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, Pneumonia, Viral, Respiratory System, Radiography, Thoracic, Genome, Viral, Coronavirus Infections, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
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