Effect of dopamine transporter genotype on caudate volume in childhood ADHD and controls

Shook, Devon; Brady, Colin; Lee, Philip S.; Kenealy, Laura; Murphy, Eric R.; Gaillard, William D.; VanMeter, John W.; Cook, Edwin H.; Stein, Mark; Vaidya, Chandan J.

doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.31132

Cited by 31Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Effect of dopamine transporter genotype on caudate volume in childhood ADHD and controls

Open access

Shook, Devon, Brady, Colin, Lee, Philip S., Kenealy, Laura, Murphy, Eric R., Gaillard, William D., VanMeter, John W., Cook, Edwin H. +2 more·2011·American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics

DOI 10.1002/ajmg.b.31132PMC PMC3010298

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Polymorphism of the dopamine transporter genotype (DAT1) confers a small but significant susceptibility to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We examined whether the volume of the head of caudate, a striatal structure with high DAT expression that is important for inhibitory function, differs by DAT1 in children diagnosed with the disorder relative to age and IQ matched controls. Volume of the head of caudate was delineated in the right and left hemisphere and compared between 7‐ and 13‐year‐old children with and without ADHD (combined type) who were carriers of two (10/10) or one (9/10) copy of the 10‐repeat DAT1 allele. Caudate volumes were overall smaller in 10/10 than 9/10 children, particularly in the left than right hemisphere. While DAT1 effects did not vary by ADHD diagnosis, overall caudate volumes were smaller in ADHD relative to control children. Altered caudate development associated with 10‐repeat homozygosity of DAT1 may contribute susceptibility to ADHD. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/ajmg.b.31132

Cites

53 of 53 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The caudate nucleus is a core region of the dopamine reward-circuit, implicated in ADHD-control differences, and genetic variation in DAT1 is reported to affect its function and structure.
“The caudate nucleus is a core region of the dopamine reward-circuit,42 implicated in ADHD-control differences,4 and genetic variation in DAT1 is reported to affect its function and structure 26,43”
From Striatal sensitivity during reward processing in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2012) · cites this paper as [43]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Advances in functional and structural MR image analysis and implementation as FSL
Smith, S. M., Jenkinson, M., Woolrich, M. W., Beckmann, C. F., Behrens, T. E. J., Johansen-Berg, H., Bannister, P. R., De Luca, M., Drobnjak, I., Flitney, D. E., et al. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051 · Cited by 13,630 · see citing works
Voxel-Based Morphometry—The Methods
Ashburner, J., & Friston, K. J. (2000) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0582 · Cited by 8,676 · see citing works
Bayesian analysis of neuroimaging data in FSL
Woolrich, M., Jbabdi, S., Patenaude, B., Chappell, M., Makni, S., Behrens, T. E. J., Beckmann, C., Jenkinson, M., & Smith, S. M. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.10.055 · Cited by 2,774 · see citing works
Developmental Trajectories of Brain Volume Abnormalities in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Castellanos, F. X. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.14.1740 · Cited by 1,646 · see citing works
Quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Castellanos, F. X. (1996) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830070053009 · Cited by 1,183 · see citing works
Dopamine and the regulation of cognition and attention
Nieoullon, A. (2002) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(02)00011-4 · Cited by 1,131 · see citing works
Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review
Gizer, I. R., Ficks, C., & Waldman, I. D. (2009) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-009-0694-x · Cited by 1,020 · see citing works
Association of attention-deficit disorder and the dopamine transporter gene.
Cook, E. H., Stein, M. A., Krasowski, M. D., Cox, N. J., Olkon, D. M., Kieffer, J. E., & LEVENTHAL, B. L. (1995) · PubMed Central · Cited by 990 · see citing works
Self-citation
Meta-analysis of structural imaging findings in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Valera, E. M., Faraone, S. V., Murray, K. E., & Seidman, L. J. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.06.011 · Cited by 891 · see citing works
Voxel-Based Morphometry of the Human Brain: Methods and Applications
Mechelli, A., Price, C. J., Friston, K. J., & Ashburner, J. (2005) · Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573405054038726 · Cited by 846 · see citing works
Implication of right frontostriatal circuitry in response inhibition and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
CASEY, B. J., CASTELLANOS, F. X., GIEDD, J. N., MARSH, W. L., HAMBURGER, S. D., SCHUBERT, A. B., VAUSS, Y. C., VAITUZIS, A. C., DICKSTEIN, D. P., SARFATTI, S. E., et al. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199703000-00016 · Cited by 800 · see citing works
The Human Brain
Duvernoy, H. M. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6792-2 · Cited by 759 · see citing works
Volumetric MRI analysis comparing subjects having attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with normal controls
Filipek, P. A., Semrud-Clikeman, M., Steingard, R. J., Renshaw, P. F., Kennedy, D. N., & Biederman, J. (1997) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.48.3.589 · Cited by 732 · see citing works
Functional neuroimaging of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review and suggested future directions
Bush, G., Valera, E. M., & Seidman, L. J. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.034 · Cited by 714 · see citing works
Structural Brain Imaging of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Seidman, L. J., Valera, E. M., & Makris, N. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.019 · Cited by 676 · see citing works
Increase in caudate nuclei volumes of first-episode schizophrenic patients taking antipsychotic drugs
Chakos, M., Lieberman, J. A., Bilder, R. M., Borenstein, M., Lerner, G., Bogerts, B., Wu, H., Kinon, B. J., & Ashtari, M. (1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.10.1430 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
Genotype Influences In Vivo Dopamine Transporter Availability in Human Striatum
Heinz, A. (2000) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(99)00099-8 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Association and linkage of the dopamine transporter gene and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: Heterogeneity owing to diagnostic subtype and severity
Waldman, I. D., Rowe, D. C., Abramowitz, A., Kozel, S. T., Mohr, J. H., Sherman, S. L., Cleveland, H. H., Sanders, M. L., Gard, J. M. C., & Stever, C. (1998) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/302132 · Cited by 462 · see citing works
Behavior Assessment System for Children–2
Dumond, R., & Willis, J. O. (2008) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470373699.speced0253 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Quantitative morphology of the caudate nucleus in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Castellanos, F. X., Giedd, J. N., Eckburg, P. B., Marsh, W., Vaituzis, A. C., Kaysen, D. L., Hamburger, S. D., & Rapoport, J. L. (1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.12.1791 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
The VNTR polymorphism of the human dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene affects gene expression
Fuke, S., Suo, S., Takahashi, N., Koike, H., Sasagawa, N., & Ishiura, S. (2001) · The Pharmacogenomics Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.tpj.6500026 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and asymmetry of the caudate nucleus.
Hynd, G. W., Hern, K. L., Novey, E. S., Eliopulos, D., Marshall, R., Gonzalez, J. J., & Voeller, K. K. (1993) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/088307389300800409 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
The Dopamine Transporter and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Madras, B. K., Miller, G. M., & Fischman, A. J. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.011 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Genetic variability of human brain size and cortical gyral patterns
Bartley, A. J. (1997) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/120.2.257 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Expression of the dopamine transporter gene is regulated by the 3′ UTR VNTR: Evidence from brain and lymphocytes using quantitative RT-PCR
Mill, J., Asherson, P., Browes, C., D'Souza, U., & Craig, I. (2002) · American Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.10948 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
The Feasibility of a Common Stereotactic Space for Children and Adults in fMRI Studies of Development
Burgund, E. D., Kang, H. C., Kelly, J. E., Buckner, R. L., Snyder, A. Z., Petersen, S. E., & Schlaggar, B. L. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1174 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Relationship between blockade of dopamine transporters by oral methylphenidate and the increases in extracellular dopamine: therapeutic implications
Volkow, N. D., Wang, G., Fowler, J. S., Logan, J., Franceschi, D., Maynard, L., Ding, Y., Gatley, S. J., Gifford, A., Zhu, W., et al. (2002) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.10038 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
The variable number of tandem repeats element in DAT1 regulates in vitro dopamine transporter density
VanNess, S., Owens, M. J., & Kilts, C. D. (2005) · BMC Genetics · doi:10.1186/1471-2156-6-55 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Prediction of Dopamine Transporter Binding Availability by Genotype: A Preliminary Report
Jacobsen, L. K., Staley, J. K., Zoghbi, S. S., Seibyl, J. P., Kosten, T. R., Innis, R. B., & Gelernter, J. E. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.10.1700 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Structural brain change in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder identified by meta-analysis
Ellison-Wright, I., Ellison-Wright, Z., & Bullmore, E. (2008) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-8-51 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Increased dopamine transporter availability associated with the 9-repeat allele of the SLC6A3 gene.
van Dyck, C. H., Malison, R. T., Jacobsen, L. K., Seibyl, J. P., Staley, J. K., Laruelle, M. A., Baldwin, R. M., Innis, R. B., & Gelernter, J. E. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Caudate nuclei volumes in schizophrenic patients treated with typical antipsychotics or clozapine
Chakos, M., Lieberman, J., Alvir, J., Bilder, R. M., & Ashtari, M. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90441-7 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Polymorphisms of the Dopamine D4 Receptor, Clinical Outcome, and Cortical Structure in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Shaw, P., Gornick, M., Lerch, J., Addington, A., Seal, J., Greenstein, D., Sharp, W., Evans, A., Giedd, J. N., Castellanos, F. X., et al. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.8.921 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Statistical Parametric Mapping: Assessment of Application in Children
Muzik, O., Chugani, D. C., Juhász, C., Shen, C., & Chugani, H. T. (2000) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0651 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Polymorphisms in the 3′-untranslated region of human and monkey dopamine transporter genes affect reporter gene expression
Miller, G. M., & Madras, B. K. (2002) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000921 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Using MRI to Examine Brain-Behavior Relationships in Males With Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity
Semrud‐Clikeman, M., Steingard, R. J., Filipek, P. A., Biederman, J., Bekken, K., & Renshaw, P. F. (2000) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200004000-00017 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Association of the dopamine transporter (DAT1) 10/10-repeat genotype with ADHD symptoms and response inhibition in a general population sample
Cornish, K. M., Manly, T., Savage, R., Swanson, J., Morisano, D., Butler, N., Grant, C., Cross, G., Bentley, L., & Hollis, C. P. (2005) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001641 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Differential effects of DRD4 and DAT1 genotype on fronto-striatal gray matter volumes in a sample of subjects with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, their unaffected siblings, and controls
Durston, S., Fossella, J., Casey, B. J., Pol, H. E. H., Galván, A., Schnack, H. G., Steenhuis, M., Minderaa, R. B., Buitelaar, J. K., Kahn, R. S., et al. (2005) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001649 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
The Variable Number of Tandem Repeats Polymorphism of the Dopamine Transporter Gene Is Not Associated with Significant Change in Dopamine Transporter Phenotype in Humans
Martinez, D., Gelernter, J., Abi-Dargham, A., van Dyck, C., Kegeles, L., Innis, R., & Laruelle, M. (2001) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(00)00216-5 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
In Vivo Neuroreceptor Imaging in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Focus on The Dopamine Transporter
Spencer, T. J., Biederman, J., Madras, B. K., Faraone, S. V., Dougherty, D. D., Bonab, A. A., & Fischman, A. J. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.03.036 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
A meta‐analysis of association studies between the 10‐repeat allele of a VNTR polymorphism in the 3′‐UTR of dopamine transporter gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Yang, B., Chan, R., Jing, J., Li, T., Sham, P., & Chen, R. Y. L. (2007) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30453 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurement of the Caudate Nucleus in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Its Relationship With Neuropsychological and Behavioral Measures
Mataró, M., García‐Sánchez, C., Junqué, C., Estévez-González, A., & Pujol, J. (1997) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1997.00550200027006 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Functional Effects of the DAT1 Polymorphism on EEG Measures in ADHD
Loo, S. K., SPECTER, E., Smolen, A., Hopfer, C. J., Teale, P. D., & Reite, M. L. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000046890.27264.88 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Volumetric MRI differences in treatment-naive vs chronically treated children with ADHD
Pliszka, S. R., Lancaster, J. L., Mario Liotti, A., & Semrud‐Clikeman, M. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000237385.84037.3c · Cited by 163 · see citing works
The homozygosity for 10-repeat allele at dopamine transporter gene and dopamine transporter density in Korean children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: relating to treatment response to methylphenidate
Cheon, K.-A. A., Ryu, Y. H., Kim, J.-W., & Cho, D.-Y. (2004) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2004.06.004 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Striatal Dopamine Transporter Availability Associated with Polymorphisms in the Dopamine Transporter Gene SLC6A3
van de Giessen, E. M., de Win, M. M. L., Tanck, M. W. T., van den Brink, W., Baas, F., & Booij, J. (2009) · Journal of Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.2967/jnumed.108.053652 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Quantitative trait locus analysis of candidate gene alleles associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in five genes: DRD4, DAT1, DRD5, SNAP‐25, and 5HT1B
Mill, J., Xu, X.-H., Ronald, A., Curran, S., Price, T., Knight, J., Craig, I., Sham, P., Plomin, R., & Asherson, P. (2005) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30107 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Dopamine Transporter Genotype Conveys Familial Risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Through Striatal Activation
DURSTON, S., FOSSELLA, J. A., MULDER, M. J., CASEY, B. J., ZIERMANS, T. B., VESSAZ, M. N., & VAN ENGELAND, H. (2008) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31815a5f17 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Genetically Determined Interaction between the Dopamine Transporter and the D2Receptor on Prefronto-Striatal Activity and Volume in Humans
Bertolino, A., Fazio, L., Giorgio, A. D., Blasi, G., Romano, R., Taurisano, P., Caforio, G., Sinibaldi, L., Ursini, G., Popolizio, T., et al. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4858-08.2009 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Cognitive neuroscience of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Current status and working hypotheses
Vaidya, C. J., & Stollstorff, M. (2008) · Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/ddrr.40 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citation
Epistasis between Dopamine Regulating Genes Identifies a Nonlinear Response of the Human Hippocampus During Memory Tasks
Bertolino, A., Giorgio, A. D., Blasi, G., Sambataro, F., Caforio, G., Sinibaldi, L., Latorre, V., Rampino, A., Taurisano, P., Fazio, L., et al. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.02.001 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Statistical Analyses of Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Head of the Caudate Nucleus in Colombian Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Pineda, D. A., Restrepo, M. A., Sarmiento, R. J., Gutierrez, J. E., Vargas, S. A., Quiroz, Y. T., & Hynd, G. W. (2002) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/088307380201700202 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Striatal dopamine transporter availability and DAT-1 gene in adults with ADHD: no higher DAT availability in patients with homozygosity for the 10-repeat allele
Krause, J., Dresel, S., Krause, K., la Fougére, C., Zill, P., & Ackenheil, M. (2006) · World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622970500518444 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Changes in the Development of Striatum Are Involved in Repetitive Behavior in Autism
Langen, M., Bos, D., Noordermeer, S. D. S., Nederveen, H., van Engeland, H., & Durston, S. (2014) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.08.013 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Striatal sensitivity during reward processing in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Paloyelis, Y., Mehta, M. A., Faraone, S. V., Asherson, P., & Kuntsi, J. (2012) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.05.006 · Cited by 94 · see citing works

Oral Administration of Methylphenidate Blocks the Effect of Cocaine on Uptake at the Drosophila Dopamine Transporter
Berglund, E. C., Makos, M. A., Keighron, J. D., Phan, N. T. N., Heien, M. L., & Ewing, A. G. (2013) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/cn3002009 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Species differences in functions of dopamine transporter: paucity of MPP+ uptake and cocaine binding in bovine dopamine transporter
Lee, S., Rhee, J., Koh, J., et al. (1996) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)12913-x · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Increased expression of the dopamine transporter leads to loss of dopamine neurons, oxidative stress and l-DOPA reversible motor deficits
Masoud, S. T., Vecchio, L. M., Bergeron, Y., Hossain, M. M., Nguyen, L., Bermejo, M. K., Kile, B. M., Sotnikova, T. D., Siesser, W. B., Gainetdinov, R. R., et al. (2014) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2014.10.016 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Dopamine-Independent Locomotor Actions of Amphetamines in a Novel Acute Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease
Sotnikova, T. D., Beaulieu, J., Barak, L. S., Wetsel, W. C., Caron, M. G., & Gainetdinov, R. R. (2005) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030271 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Usingin VivoElectrochemistry To Study the Physiological Effects of Cocaine and Other Stimulants on theDrosophila melanogasterDopamine Transporter
Makos, M. A., Han, K., Heien, M. L., & Ewing, A. G. (2009) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/cn900017w · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Authors: Shook, D., Brady, C., Lee, P. S., Kenealy, L., Murphy, E. R., Gaillard, W. D., VanMeter, J. W., Cook, E. H., Stein, M., & Vaidya, C. J.
Affiliations: Georgetown University (US)
Children's National (US)
Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
University of Illinois Chicago (US)
Corresponding author: Vaidya, Chandan J.
ORCID: Murphy, Eric R.
Gaillard, William D.
VanMeter, John W.
Cook, Edwin H.
Stein, Mark
Vaidya, Chandan J.
Venue: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2010-10-18
Volume: 156
Issue: 1
Pages: 28-35
ISSN: 1552-4841 (ISSN-L)
1552-485X
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.31132
PMC: PMC3010298
OpenAlex: W2111341053
Cited by: 31
References: 53
Citations by year: 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 2.40
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Georgetown University
National Institute of Mental Health (MH 065395, MH70564, R01MH065395, R01MH070564)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dopamine transporter, DAT1 polymorphism, caudate volume, striatum, brain structure, genetic susceptibility, combined type ADHD, children, hemispheric lateralization, inhibitory function
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain Mapping, Caudate Nucleus, Child, Demography, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Organ Size, Case-Control Studies, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Effect of dopamine transporter genotype on caudate volume in childhood ADHD and controls

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks