Genetic risk variants for social anxiety
Open accessAbstract
Social anxiety is a neurobehavioral trait characterized by fear and reticence in social situations. Twin studies have shown that social anxiety has a heritable basis, shared with neuroticism and extraversion, but genetic studies have yet to demonstrate robust risk variants. We conducted genomewide association analysis (GWAS) of subjects within the Army Study To Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) to (i) determine SNP‐based heritability of social anxiety; (ii) discern genetic risk loci for social anxiety; and (iii) determine shared genetic risk with neuroticism and extraversion. GWAS were conducted within ancestral groups (EUR, AFR, LAT) using linear regression models for each of the three component studies in Army STARRS, and then meta‐analyzed across studies. SNP‐based heritability for social anxiety was significant (h 2 g = 0.12, P = 2.17 × 10 −4 in EUR). One meta‐analytically genomewide significant locus was seen in each of EUR (rs708012, Chr 6: BP 36965970, P = 1.55 × 10 −8 ; beta = 0.073) and AFR (rs78924501, Chr 1: BP 88406905, P = 3.58 × 10 −8 ; beta = 0.265) samples. Social anxiety in Army STARRS was significantly genetically correlated (negatively) with extraversion (r g = −0.52, se = 0.22, P = 0.02) but not with neuroticism (r g = 0.05, se = 0.22, P = 0.81) or with an anxiety disorder factor score (r g = 0.02, se = 0.32, P = 0.94) from external GWAS meta‐analyses. This first GWAS of social anxiety confirms a genetic basis for social anxiety, shared with extraversion but possibly less so with neuroticism. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Social anxiety has been found to correlate genetically with decreased extraversion, but not with neuroticism.
“Social anxiety has been found to correlate genetically with decreased extraversion, but not with neuroticism 142 .”
From The clinical characterization of the adult patient with an anxiety or related disorder aimed at personalization of management (2021) · cites this paper as [142]
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- Authors
- Stein, M. B., Chen, C., Jain, S., Jensen, K. P., He, F., Heeringa, S. G., Kessler, R. C., Maihofer, A., Nock, M. K., Ripke, S., Sun, X., Thomas, M. L., Ursano, R. J., Smoller, J. W., Gelernter, J., & Collaborators, O. B. O. T. A. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Broad Institute (US)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stein, Murray B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-02-22
- Volume
- 174
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 120-131
- ISSN
- 1552-4841 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-485X
- PMC
- PMC5325045
- OpenAlex
- W2591054014
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 0.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- social anxiety, genetic risk variants, heritability, neuroticism, extraversion, genetic correlation, Army STARRS, servicemembers, anxiety disorders, single nucleotide polymorphisms, shared genetic risk
- MeSH terms
- Phobia, Social, Neuroticism, Adult, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Extraversion, Psychological, Female, Humans, Male, Military Personnel, Personality, Phenotype, Risk Factors, Genetic Variation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Loci
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